Fancy celebration of the Year of the Dragon
In the sound of firecrackers, the spring breeze sends warmth into Tusu". During the Spring Festival, relatives and friends gather to talk about wine and hemp. But drinking is pleasant, and drinking is hurting. We often say "don't drink and drive, don't drink while driving", and for patients who are taking drugs, we must also remember that "don't drink alcohol while taking medicine". Today we will take stock of which drugs should not be drunk during the period of taking?
1. Drugs that are prone to disulfiram-like reactions
Some drugs can inhibit the activity of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, resulting in the inability of acetaldehyde, an intermediate product of ethanol (the main component of alcohol), to be oxidized and decomposed, resulting in the toxic reaction caused by the accumulation of acetaldehyde in the body is called disulfiram-like reaction (for details, please refer to the popular science article - "Cephalosporin will drink and go", is it true?). ）。
Drugs that can cause disulfiram-like reactions are:
Cephalosporins: almost all cephalosporins have been reported to cause disulfiram-like reactions. In particular, some drugs containing methiotetrazolium groups, such as: cefoperazone, cefminol, ceftiam, laoxycephalosporin, etc.; Drugs containing methylthiotrigine groups, such as: ceftriaxone, etc.
Nitroimidazoles: metronidazole, tinidazole.
Others: furazolidone, nitrofurantoin, chloramphenicol, etc.
2. Antipyretic analgesics
Commonly used antipyretic analgesics such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, aspirin, etc., can inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and damage the gastric mucosa. Alcohol and its metabolite acetaldehyde can directly damage the gastric mucosa, leading to gastric mucosal erosion and bleeding. The use of both increases the risk of peptic ulcers and bleeding.
In addition, large amounts of alcohol can cause severe liver damage, and taking acetaminophen at the same time leads to the accumulation of the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen n-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine, which binds to sulfhydryl groups of intracellular proteins in liver cells, and the product can lead to severe hepatocellular damage. Alcohol and acetaminophen go hand in hand, and in severe cases, liver failure can occur.
Remind everyone: many compound cold medicines, such as vitamin C Yinqiao tablets, Sanjiu cold spirit granules, aminophen xanthamine capsules, etc., contain acetaminophen.
Do not drink alcohol or alcoholic beverages while taking acetaminophen or acetaminophen-containing combination cold medicines.
3. Hypoglycemic drugs
Alcohol (ethanol) inhibits gluconeogenesis and hepatic glucose output, leading to hypoglycemia, which is one of the most serious complications of acute alcoholism. While alcohol affects blood sugar levels, it also interferes with the effects of diabetes drugs such as sulfonylureas and metformin, which can lead to hypoglycemic shock.
4. Sedative and hypnotic drugs
Small doses of ethanol affect the inhibitory effect of -aminobutyric acid on the cerebral cortex, with symptoms of excitability; High concentrations of ethanol act on the reticular structure to cause drowsiness and coma; At very high concentrations, respiratory and vascular motor centers are inhibited, and respiratory and circulatory failure occurs.
When taking sedative-hypnotic drugs, a small amount of alcohol can lead to a decrease in their efficacy, and when a large amount of alcohol is consumed, it will aggravate its inhibitory effect on the central nervous system, and there may be respiratory depression and the risk of sleep suffocation.
5. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
If you drink alcohol while taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors, it will cause a large accumulation of tyramine in the body, which can excite the sympathetic nerve, release a large amount of adrenaline and norepinephrine, cause a sudden rise in blood pressure, severe headache, vomiting, palpitations and other violent reactions (hypertensive crisis), and in severe cases, it can lead to cerebral hemorrhage.
Commonly used monoamine oxidase inhibitors include selegiline, rasagiline, linezolid, phenelzine, moclobemide, etc.
6. Others
Drinking alcohol while taking the anti-tuberculosis drug isoniazid may cause liver damage; Drinking alcohol while taking warfarin may cause bleeding in the digestive tract.
Tips:
Alcohol (ethanol) has the effect of inhibiting the center and dilating blood vessels, and at the same time damages the gastric mucosa, and can also cause liver damage, and interacts more with other drugs. Therefore, patients with diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, liver disease, stomach ulcers, etc., should avoid alcohol.
Some drugs contain alcohol (ethanol): such as Huoxiang Zhengqi Water, Olongma Oral Drops, Levocarnitine Oral Liquid, Cyclosporine A Oral Liquid, Ten Drops of Water, Tincture, Flow Extract, etc., avoid combining with the above-mentioned drugs.
If you do not want to drink alcohol while taking the drug, it is recommended to consult a doctor or pharmacist in advance.
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