The market development of 60kw-240kw high-power charging piles has experienced two waves of climaxes and is ushering in the third wave of climaxIt's hard to say that there will be a fourth wave of high tide in this market.
The first wave was from 2015 to 2017, when the State Grid held public bidding three to four times a year, and the market was stormy, ushering in a bunch of pigs. The country's eight vertical and eight horizontal highways, not many charging piles, soon, the State Grid completed the national task.
The second wave is from 2018 to 2023, and the bus and online car-hailing charging stations in first-tier and new first-tier cities have made the operation of privately invested charging stations taste the sweetness, and various operators of different sizes, including self-employed people, have invested in the construction of stations. Public charging pile builders look at charging piles one by one, just like looking at cash cows. In just a few years, I looked at the number of charging stations in a two-kilometer circle above the map. At the moment, I just countedThe number of charging stations in a two-kilometer radius around me is 98 and 1 gas station
The third wave of climax that began last year was the charging pile going to the countryside. The construction of charging piles is a new type of infrastructure that can activate the economy and develop the national strategy of electric vehicles。The number of charging piles built is quantified in the form of red-headed documents and special funds, and even the power of charging piles. The most interesting thing is that Sichuan Province issued a document requiring that "by 2025, Sichuan will build a single pile with a power of not less than 60 kilowatts in principle 2More than 20,000, of which no less than 1 is an urban-rural integration area50,000, with no less than 7,000 rural areas". It is expressly stipulated that the power of public charging piles shall not be less than 60kw. Since the ** document clearly stipulates that the power size is not less than 60kw, we can think thatThe charging piles in the rural market are not likely to develop in the direction of 360kw ultra-high-power charging piles, and there is really no need for that。Chengdu proposed that "under the condition of moderate advancement, Chengdu needs to build no less than 20 charging piles in 2025."80,000 (6650,000, special piles 3150,000, 110,000 self-use piles), 1,000 battery swap stations (600 public stations, 400 special stations), with a total power of 4.25 million kilowatts".
60kw-240kw is the power range of high-power public charging piles. As the leading supplier of charging piles, the headache is that there are also a lot of power sizes from 60kw-240kw, can it be standardized? No. In this market, the key to early competition is business ability, and there will be some distorted non-market behavior。An extreme twist is that no matter how bad the charging pile is, as long as it looks like a charging pile, as long as it can pass the bidding acceptance, the cheaper the better. This kind of charging pile will become a zombie pile in the future, waiting for more electric vehicles to be slowly transformed.
In the early years, the renovation cost of the State Grid charging pile was said to be much higher than the procurement cost。Even if the State Grid charging pile claims to be provided according to high-quality requirements, in fact, most of them can only be zombie piles, because the first business is too messy, and it has not fully mastered the charging pile system and really mass-produced. In the chicken feather stage, it is lively, but there are mostly amateur players and soy sauce players. There are many pile enterprises in each province, but most of them do not have the ability to stabilize the big piles. The parent X company is a powerful player, and in the third year, the failure rate of the big pile at a station is still 100%. This fact tells us that it is not as easy as imagined to stabilize the big pile.
In addition to the central and state-owned enterprises, what is the power demand of real operators? 60kw、80kw、120kw、132kw，160kw，240kw。If you want to avoid customizing products all day long and fully respond to various needs in the market, you need to have more than 6 models as standard products. Even if it is fully marketed,It's also hard to choose a one-size-fits-all power option.
Energy Efficiency Electric is the only company in the world that provides from DC to AC, from one-way to bidirectional, from charging modules to charging piles, from forced air cooling to independent air ducts, liquid cooling, from integrated to split, from national standard to European standard, American standard, from 1Enterprises with full-scene coverage and full-stack self-developed charging piles from 5kW to 1200kW. In the 60kw-240kw high-power DC charging pile market, the product solution of energy efficiency electrical not only achieves dense coverage, but also the product power is the king. Energy Efficiency Electric provides the above 6 standard products, the models are T60, T80, T120, T132, T160, T240. In fact, there are four structural parts platform, T60 and T80 are actually the same, using two 40kW modules, and the maximum power is limited by software; T120 and T132 are actually the same, using 6 22kW modules, which is also software derating; The T160 uses four 40kW modules; The T240 uses six 40kW modules.
As an operator, you must first know how many parking spaces your charging station has, then determine how much power dry-type power transformer (hereinafter referred to as "box transformer") to apply, and then determine how many charging piles to choose.
The nameplate of the box transformer has the following information, among which the rated capacity is the most commonly used parameter for us. How many 120kw charging piles can be installed in a 630kva box transformer? A simple and crude calculation, 630kva 120kw, can probably install 5 units.
Theoretically, there are the following considerations between the capacity of the box transformer and the power of the charging pile:
GF]2022[ GF] Efficiency of charging piles.
gf]2022[ gf] power factor of charging piles.
gf]2022[ gf] Number of charging piles.
gf]2022[ gf] derating factor of box transformer.
GF]2022[ GF] Simultaneous rate of use of each tip of the charging pile.
Capacity of the box transformer * Derating coefficient = power of the charging pile * number of units * simultaneity rate (power factor * efficiency).
Simultaneous rate is a difficult indicator to determine. If the simultaneous rate is less than 1, it means that at some point,All charging stations have vehicles that are overloaded when the transformer is being charged.
How many 120kw charging piles can be equipped with a 1000kva box transformer? Suppose the power factor is 098, the efficiency is 94%, derating to 80% use, the number of charging piles is n, then according to the above formula, there are:
1000kva* 80%=120kw * n * 1/（0.98 * 94%）
n=6.14 ；Only 6 units were built. This is a conservative calculation, derating the capacity of the box transformer to 80% for use.
2022 China's EV user charging behavior*** gives data:72% of users prefer high-power charging piles of 120kw and above。120kw is the king of value for money, however, with the same price of 132kw and 120kw, 132kw will obviously be more popular than 120kw.
For the vast majority of models on the market, it is estimated that more than 80% of the models have a battery voltage range of 300V-400V, and the maximum allowable charging current is less than 200A. These two indicators are not included in the vehicle public parameters provided by car companies, and many users do not know it, and many sales consultants of 4S stores do not know either. (I'm going to launch a survey on this *** to see how much model data can be collected.) ）
The maximum current of the domestic non-liquid-cooled charging gun is 250A; The maximum current of the European standard charging cable is 200A. In fact, the charging gun should not work at the maximum current, and it is best to derate to 220A.
132kw charging gun, single gun work, the maximum power is 132kw, assuming that the minimum voltage of the charged vehicle is 300v, the corresponding charging current is: 132kw 300v = 440a, exceeded, to derate to 250A (preferably derated to 220A); If two guns work at the same time, the maximum power of a single gun is 66kw, and the corresponding charging current: 66kw 300v=220a, which is just enough to reach the maximum charging current of a gun for long-term durability; If it is a 120kw double gun, the maximum power is 60kw, and the corresponding charging current: 60kw 300v = 200a. Some operators struggle with the difference of 20A, 6KW. 6kw, charging for 1 hour, 6 kWh.
Therefore, based on the above accounting, we know that Energy Efficiency Electric will upgrade from 120kW to 132kW, which is more suitable for charging operators. T132 is a popular product in the charging operator market
GF]2022[ GF] T132 adopts energy-efficient high-power density modules, which can be widely used in public operations, logistics parks, 4S stores, tourist attractions, commercial complexes, high-speed service areas, airport energy replenishment and other scenarios.
gf]2022[gf] The king of cost performance, the same **, 12kw more power than other piles. For drivers, the journey is worry-free and enjoyable; For the station, the turnover rate is high and the benefit is greater.
gf]2022[ gf] The peak of appearance, simple but luxurious; Between the square and the circle, the industrial aesthetics of energy efficiency and electricity are written.
GF]2022[ GF] Compatible with 200 1000VDC voltage platform, compatible with 12V 24V auxiliary power supply, compatible with 2015 2015+ Chaoji charging protocol, adapt to different charging scenarios.
GF]2022[ GF] can be used with Energy Efficiency Cloud 20 platform, to achieve rapid deployment, cloud collaboration, charging data display on a large screen. It can also be used with third-party platforms to support TCP multi-connection and absorb traffic from different platforms.
GF]2022[ GF] All smart components support OTA, and the functions are continuously optimized, and the charging experience is continuously upgraded. Support remote operation and maintenance, direct management by original engineers.
The 60kw-240kw integrated large pile and the more than 360kw split charging pile analyzed earlier,The mainstream belongs to the big B market, which increases rapidly like a gust of wind, and then quickly enters the saturated market, and the key to competition is business ability。No pile enterprise has the ability to deal with so many places in the country and its urban investment enterprises, therefore, the model innovation of business capabilities is to establish joint ventures, but this kind of play is full of demonic spirit. Part of the high-power market belongs to small B, small and medium-sized operators, and they really want to plant a few cash cows.