In 1949, when the People's Republic of China was founded, a couple came to the relevant departments in Moscow and expressed their desire to return to the motherland. Who is the couple? Why did they stay in the USSR for 23 years?
Now, let's follow the author to uncover the story of Ren Yue and his wife.
In 1903, Ren Yue was born in Jinggang Town, Wangcheng County, Changsha City, Hunan Province, in an ordinary peasant family. His childhood was carefree, but it was a bit difficult because of poverty.
In 1919, the May Fourth Movement broke out nationwide, and revolutionary activities in Hunan were in full swing. Ren Yue, who studied in Changsha, is one of these activists.
He enthusiastically participated in the patriotic movement against the forced signing of the "21 Articles" by Japanese imperialism and the expulsion of Zhang Jingyao, the overseer and governor of Hunan. In the following 1920, Ren Yue, like many progressive youth, was full of yearning for the October Revolution led by Lenin and full of longing for the bright future of the Soviet Union.
On August 22 of the same year, the "Hunan Institute of Russian Studies" established by He Shuheng, Peng Huang and others was officially established, and the mission of this organization was to advocate work-study in Russia, send people to Russia for investigation, and publish Russian journals.
Soon after the May Fourth Movement, a group of young international students embarked on a journey to Russia, and Ren Bishi, Xiao Jinguang, Chen Qiwo, Hu Shilian, Ren Yue and others became their representatives.
In Shanghai, they went to the preparatory school for studying in Russia at the Foreign Chinese Society, where they began to study Marxist ideology and the Russian language. At that time, Ren Yue, Xiao Jinguang, Ren Bishi, ** and others also joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League.
In April 1921, they set off on a cruise ship and began their long journey. After a short break in Nagasaki, Japan, they headed straight towards Vladivostok. There, they successfully connected with the secret services of the Communist International.
After the joint, they dressed up in pairs, and Ren Yue took the form of a barber and took a train through Siberia towards Moscow. Despite the difficulties encountered during the journey, they persevered and successfully passed a checkpoint set up by the white bandits and the Japanese.
From Xinjiang, China, Ren Yue, Sheng Shitong, Wang.
1. Chen Ying and Yu Xiusong took the stuffy train to Moscow, passing through Chita. There is no heating on the train, and boiling water needs to be fetched on the platform when it stops.
Everyone received a piece of brown bread for food, but did not dare to eat more because they did not know how long they would have to walk. After a long journey of more than 8,000 kilometers to Siberia, they successfully arrived in Moscow on July 9, 1921.
At this time, the "Big Three" of communism were being held, and Ren Yue and others were arranged to go to the communist guest house and attended the meeting as representatives of the oriental nations. They saw Lenin in the distance, and their hearts were filled with excitement and joy.
Soon after, Ren Yue and others entered Dongfang University and became the first batch of students in the Chinese class. In order not to reveal their identities when they returned home, they gave themselves Russian names and kept each other's Russian names secret.
During the wartime period when the economy of Soviet Russia had not yet recovered, conditions at Moscow University of the East were extremely difficult. Students enjoy a provision system, and all their daily necessities are covered by the school, even including bathing, hairdressing and laundry.
Every month, they only have 1Pocket money of 5 new rubles, food ** is only enough to maintain basic life. But even in such a predicament, the students' enthusiasm for learning was high, and Ren Yue and others performed well.
In 1922, Chen Duxiu and others attended the Fourth Congress of the Communist International, which sent precious materials such as salted pork, potatoes and rice to the students of Dongfang University.
It was a simple meal, but it was a great comfort to the students. A year later, Ren Yue, Hu Shilian, Zhou Zhaoqiu, Xiao Jinguang and others went to the Soviet Red Army School to continue their studies.
Ren Yue and Wang Yi, the combination of two revolutionary martyrs. Ren Yue became a member of the Communist Party in 1923 and later participated in the vigorous revolutionary cause. He participated in the workers' and peasants' movement in Anyuan, and in 1926 he joined the National Revolutionary Army and participated in the campaign to conquer Wuchang.
However, after the defeat of the Great Revolution, in order to preserve the revolutionary forces, Ren Yue and Wang Yi were sent to the Chinese Workers' Communist University in Moscow. Wang Yi, formerly known as Wang Shurong, was born in a poor family in Jingmen County, Hubei Province, and studied at Fancheng Shuhua Girls' School at the age of 17.
The two met and fell in love in a foreign country, and fought together for the cause of communism.
In 1926, the Northern Expedition was in full swing. Wang Yi threw himself into Wuhan without hesitation, participated in the preparation of the Fourth National Labor Conference, participated in the training course for cadres of the workers' and peasants' movement, and served as a propaganda member of the Party Committee of the Third District of Hankou.
Under the direct leadership of Xiang Jingyu, Wang Yi, as a secret traffic officer and assistant to the revolutionary Xiang Jingyu, gradually became a passionate feminist to a staunch revolutionary.
In 1927, under the introduction of Xiang Jingyu and Cao Shenhua, Wang Yi officially joined the Communist Party of China. After that, the organization sent her and Ren Yue to Moscow for further study at the Chinese Labor University.
Together with other comrades who had gone to study in the Soviet Union, they secretly set off from the Hankou wharf, hid in their warehouses, and stayed in a small hotel after arriving in Shanghai. After about 20 days of waiting, they finally got on a cargo ship bound for the Soviet Union.
After the ship sailed into the Sea of Japan, they had the opportunity to go to the deck. Two days later, the ship arrived in Vladivostok, where they were accommodated in the International Hotel. After waiting for some time in Vladivostok, they arrived in Moscow by train and began a new chapter in their lives.
Ren Yue and Wang Yi took the same train and began their revolutionary journey. During the journey to Moscow, Ren Yue shared the story of the "October Revolution", taught them to recognize the alphabet, sang Soviet revolutionary songs, and sang and danced all the way, with a warm atmosphere.
The journey lasted 12 days and nights before arriving in Moscow. On the train, Ren Yue and Wang Yi met and met, and Ren Yue took care of Wang Yi like an elder brother.
During his studies at Sun Yat-sen University, Ren Yue gave Wang Yi a lot of help in his studies and life. While studying the history of world revolutions, political economy, military history, philosophy, and theory, they also took part in military training and visits.
Wang Yi studied quite well in subjects such as rifles, pistols, and urban offensive and defensive techniques. In 1928, Ren Yue was sent to study at the infantry, engineering and artillery schools in the suburbs of Moscow, and did not officially graduate until 1930.
During their time at school, they met and fell in love with each other due to the traction of their careers and common pursuits, and eventually became a couple. Their union added a touch of romance to their revolutionary careers.
In the autumn of 1929, more than 400 party members at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow raised objections to Wang Ming's appointment as secretary of the branch bureau. The meeting lasted 10 days, and Wang Ming won with the support of Miff.
At the end of the same year, the CPSU carried out a purge of the party in schools. Wang Ming took this opportunity to announce personal vendettas, form gangs, and brutally punish opponents. Some were deported, some **, some were sent to work in factories, and some were exiled to the Arctic Circle and Siberia**.
Ren Yue and Wang were exiled to the Shahe Toma gold mine in the Skinletinsk region of the Syrkutsk border in Siberia as factory instructors. Ren and his wife arrived in the Sreginsk Territory from Moscow, where the winter lasts for eight months, and even in early spring, the temperature drops to about minus 30 degrees Celsius.
After two days of jolting, their bodies were almost frozen, and they finally arrived at the Toma Gold Mine in Shahe. At this time, the Soviet Union had just won the victory of the October Revolution, and it was urgent to restore the national economy and consolidate the nascent Soviet power.
In order to improve the efficiency of the mine, we decided to send Ren Yue, a conscious and educated Communist Party member, to carry out propaganda and agitation work. When they arrived at the mine, they found that the mines were cramped for dozens of miles nearby, the workers looked haggard, and the dormitories were dilapidated.
After learning about these circumstances, Ren Yue and others realized that the work of the workers was very hard and their lives were also very difficult. What is even more distressing is that these workers, who were originally Chinese workers, have found it difficult to return to their home countries because of the border blockade.
Even if they risk smuggling, they will eventually be shot by the Russian border guards or executed as a "red spy". Despite facing the severe cold of minus 30 or 40 degrees, Ren Yue and his wife still went deep among the masses, actively made friends, went down the mines, and patiently did ideological work.
They know that educating workers to study culture and politics and participating in various cultural and recreational activities can not only improve work efficiency, but also train a group of worker cadres and lay a good organizational foundation for future workers.
However, because the gold mine's administrative body did not have a wage budget and worker instructors, Ren Yue and others could only receive a minimum wage and barely make ends meet. Nevertheless, they made a great contribution to the Soviet power with the open-mindedness of the Communists.
Later, under the care of his friend Tyutskayav, Wang Yi came to work at the Chinese "Assault Newspaper", and Ren Yue was sent to work in Chita. However, their lives did not settle down because of this, but were broken for various reasons.
They were sent to Xinjiang on a new mission. Xinjiang warlord Sheng Shicai tried to bring *** to this he sought the support of the Soviet Union. The KGB, the Soviet intelligence agency, provided them with fake passports and demanded that they claim to be overseas Chinese intellectuals.
After they arrived in Xinjiang, they were reused and assigned to the deputy director of the Xinjiang Provincial Security Management Office. However, their true identity and purpose aroused Sheng Shicai's suspicion and dissatisfaction.
Before the prosperous era lasted long, someone secretly told Sheng Shicai that he wanted to organize people to kill him, and Sheng Shicai listened to the slander and removed Ren Yue and his wife. Wang Yi was assigned to Xinjiang Girls' School as the head of the primary school and a physics teacher in the normal class.
As soon as he took office, he decided to start from two aspects: first, actively cultivate talents and improve the quality of teaching; The second is to enhance the ideological consciousness of the vast number of women and actively promote the women's liberation movement in Xinjiang.
In the summer of 1937, Wang Yi established Xinjiang Dihua Girls' Primary School on the basis of the girls' primary school, and the primary school was changed to the primary school affiliated to the girls' middle school. Over time, Wang Yi became more and more influential in Xinjiang's education circles, serving not only as the president of the education union, but also as a member of the textbook editorial committee, and later appointed vice chairman of the Xinjiang Women's Association.
In November 1937, Wang Ming, the representative of the Chinese Communist Party to the Comintern, falsely accused Yu Xiusong and others of being "Trotskyists" to Sheng Shicai. In order to curry favor with Stalin, Sheng Shicai arrested or removed these people from their posts.
Not only was Yu Xiusong killed, but Ren Yue and Wang Yi were also implicated.
Title: At the time of the national crisis, the choice and struggle of students studying abroad At this life-and-death moment, the July 7 Incident broke out, and Ren Yue and Wang Yi both deeply felt that they needed to fight the war of resistance at home, but as "joint members" and "Soviet citizens", the road back to China became extremely difficult.
Eventually, they were forced to return to the USSR for censorship, and then back to Irkutsk again. However, what they are looking forward to is not a new beginning, but a another, more harsher reality.
Unable to provide proof of identity, they are denied work and rely on the sale of clothing and household items to make ends meet. At the same time, they are also facing the threat of "purge", and their former classmates have been purged, which is undoubtedly a heavy blow to Ren Yue's soul.
In this difficult environment, Ren Yue and Wang Yi both chose to persevere, hiding their desire to return to China deep in their hearts and concentrating on solving the problem of survival. Ren Yue found a job in a factory as a canteen food manager, while Wang Yi was successfully admitted to the Irkutsk Medical College with his perseverance and hard work.
Their choices and struggles show the perseverance and courage of the students studying abroad in the face of national difficulties, and also let us see their deep love for the motherland and the people.
They are the witnesses of the times and the creators of history, and their stories will always be remembered.
As her daughter grew up, the burden of Ren Yue's family became heavier and heavier. Due to the torture of illness, Ren Yue was not even able to work, and their lives were in trouble.
Despite this, Wang Yi still works at a hospital opposite Ankara, relying on her salary to support her family. During the Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union, Wang Yi devoted herself to the work of rescuing the wounded, leaving early and returning late every day, and her contribution was affectionately called the "Katyusha of the East" by the sick and wounded.
After the victory of the war, Ren Yue and his wife received the medal of "Great Patriotic War Meritorious Service", but their hearts were always concerned about the motherland. They named their daughter Ren Jingye, which means that they miss the motherland day and night.
After Ren Jingye and her husband received the good news of the founding of New China in 1949, they immediately went to Moscow to submit a request to return to China. However, they were informed that, as citizens of the USSR, they could not get in touch with the Chinese embassy directly and had to wait for a response from the relevant departments.
After two years of waiting, they went to Moscow again and found the Red Cross to go through the formalities for the repatriation of the diaspora. In order to raise money for the journey back to China, they had to sell their belongings and exchange them for all the public bonds, and finally returned to Beijing as they wished.
However, their only daughter, Ren Jingye, stayed at the Irkutsk University Map Department to study surveying and mapping. After returning to China, Ren Yue and his wife met Shuai Mengqi and others who served in the ** Organization Department of the Communist Party of China, and their old comrade-in-arms Xiao Jinguang also warmly received them.
Ren Yue was assigned to the Ministry of Public Security as deputy director of the General Office. However, unfortunately, in May 1954, Ren Yue died of a sudden myocardial infarction due to overwork.
After returning to China, Wang Yi was assigned to Beijing Hospital as a physician and director of otolaryngology. In 1954, the organization sent Wang Yi to escort a deputy director to the Soviet Union for treatment.
After the task was completed, the organization asked Wang Yi to take his daughter Ren Jingye back to China.
Wang Yi: Nuclear Protection Medical Expert Wang Yi, one of the pioneers of China's atomic energy industry, has made important contributions to the rise and development of China's atomic energy industry.
He was transferred to the Staff Hospital of the Institute of Atomic Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as the president, engaged in medical protection and research, and became the first generation of nuclear protection medical experts. On the occasion of commemorating the 50th anniversary of the World Anti-Fascist War, the Russian ambassador to China presented medals to those Chinese fighters who made great contributions in the Great Patriotic War, and Wang Yi was one of them, which fully demonstrated his importance in the field of nuclear protection medicine in our country.
On November 11, 2001, Wang Yi died of illness at the age of 92. His contributions will always be remembered.