I. Introduction.
Atomic absorption is an important analytical technique widely used in analytical chemistry, environmental monitoring, geology, medicine, and other fields. It uses the principle of atomic energy level transitions to accurately determine the elemental content by measuring the degree to which the atoms of a particular element absorb light energy in a sample.
Second, the basic principle.
Atomic absorption is based on the principle of atomic energy level transitions. When a light source of a specific wavelength (usually ultraviolet or visible light) passes through the sample to be measured, the atoms of the element to be measured in the sample absorb the light energy, causing it to transition from the ground state to the excited state. Based on the degree to which the light is absorbed, the amount of the element to be measured in the sample can be calculated.
3. Technical characteristics.
High sensitivity and accuracy: Atomic absorption has a very high lower limit of detection, which can detect trace or even ultra-trace elements with accurate and reliable measurements.
High selectivity: Due to the unique atomic energy level structure of different elements, atomic absorption has a high selectivity for different elements, which can effectively exclude the interference of coexisting elements.
Easy to operate: The instrument has a simple structure, easy to operate, and the sample processing process is relatively simplified.
Wide range of application: It can be used for the determination of almost all metallic and non-metallic elements, and has a wide range of applications.
Fourth, the application field of atomic absorption.
Environmental monitoring: It is used to detect heavy metals, toxic and harmful elements in environmental samples such as water, soil, and air, and to assess the degree of environmental pollution.
Food quality and safety: It is used to detect metal elements in food to ensure food quality and safety. For example, heavy metal contamination is detected in agricultural products.
Geology: It is used to analyze the macro and trace elements in geological samples and study geochemical processes.
Medicine: It is used in clinical chemical analysis to detect drugs and trace elements in biological samples, to assist in disease diagnosis and**. For example, the determination of elements such as lead and cadmium in the blood.
Industrial production: control the quality of metal components in products, such as heavy metal content in industrial products such as metalworking fluids and paints.
Research field: In basic scientific research and the development of new materials, atomic absorption technology is also often used to determine the composition and content of materials. For example, in materials science, the optical properties of nanomaterials and the properties of electronic devices are studied.
Agriculture: It is used to detect nutrients and harmful substances in soil and plants, and guide rational fertilization and agricultural environmental governance. For example, by measuring nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil, fertilization programs can be optimized.
Chemical analysis: In chemical analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry is one of the common qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, which can be used for compound separation and structural analysis. For example, in drug synthesis, the changes in the content of individual elements during the reaction are monitored.