Some people say that the victory of the Chinese revolution was supported by two mountains: one is Jinggang Mountain and the other is Dabie Mountain. Dabie Mountain is located at the junction of Anhui, Hubei and Henan provinces, with magnificent mountains and rivers and majestic momentum.
This red hot land gave birth to the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Revolutionary Base Area, gave birth to the Red Fourth Front Army, the Red 25th Army, and the Red 28th Army, and produced more than 340 generals. Among the top ten "general counties" in New China, only Hong'an, Jinzhai, Xinxian, Dawu, and Lu'an in the Dabie Mountain area account for half.
Interestingly, the three counties of Jinzhai, Xinxian, and Dawu were newly established by the Kuomintang in order to "encircle and suppress" the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. In order to occupy the Hubei-Henan-Anhui base areas, the Kuomintang troops re-divided the administrative regions at the junction of Hubei, Henan, and Anhui provinces, implemented the policy of divide and rule, and established Huangxian, Jingfu and Lishan counties.
However, Lao Jiang never expected that his wave of operations would add three famous old revolutionary areas to the annals of Chinese revolutionary honor.
Dabie Mountain, located between the Yangtze River and the Huai River, is not only the eastern barrier of Nanjing, but also the western barrier of Wuhan. The geographical location is superior, the transportation is convenient, and the seeds of the revolution took root and sprouted here early.
From November 1927 to November 1929, the Jute Uprising, the Shangnan Uprising, and the Liuhuo Uprising broke out here one after another, and on the basis of the three Red Army and three base areas established, a unified Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Region and the First Red Army were created.
The growth of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet District caused panic among the Kuomintang clique, who deeply felt the threat of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet District to the security of Wuhan. From the winter of 1930 to November 1931, the Kuomintang carried out three large-scale "encirclement and suppression" of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet region.
However, the Red Army fought bravely and skillfully, and the army and the people were united, resisting the enemy's attack, and finally ended in the defeat of the Kuomintang army. In November 1931, the Red Fourth Front Army was formally established and became the second main Red Army after the ** Red Army.
The main forces of the Red Army grew to 4There were more than 50,000 people, the local armed forces had grown to more than 200,000, the base area reached more than 40,000 square kilometers, the population exceeded 3.5 million, and the revolutionary regime in 26 counties was established.
This was a glorious period for the development of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui revolutionary base areas and the Red Army.
Chiang Kai-shek was deeply disturbed by the growth of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet area, and he must eradicate it. In July 1932, he gathered 300,000 troops, personally went to Wuhan to take command, and launched an unprecedented fourth large-scale "encirclement and suppression" against the Hubei-Henan-Anhui revolutionary base areas.
Chiang Kai-shek promised that whoever first occupied Jinjiazhai, the political-military center of the Soviet zone, would be named after him. In the face of a powerful enemy, Zhang Guotao blindly underestimated the enemy at first, but panicked when the war was unfavorable, giving the Kuomintang army an opportunity.
On September 20, 1932, Wei Lihuang, commander of the sixth column of the Central Route Army, led his troops to occupy Jinjiazhai first. When Chiang Kai-shek learned of this news, he was overjoyed and fulfilled his promise to set up a new county system at the intersection of Lu'an, Huoshan, and Huoqiu in Anhui Province and Gushi and ** five counties in Henan Province, and named it "Lihuang County" in the name of Wei Lihuang.
This was the first new county added by the Kuomintang in the Dabie Mountains.
At the same time that Wei Lihuang, a first-class general of the Kuomintang Army, reported the victory to Chiang Kai-shek, Liu Zhi, chairman of the Kuomintang Henan Province and provincial security commander, and the new deputy commander-in-chief of the "suppression of bandits" in the three provinces of Hubei, Henan, and Anhui, also led his troops to engage the Red Fourth Front Army, resulting in heavy losses for the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army and forced to evacuate.
In this context, Chiang Kai-shek set aside a part of the border area between Guangshan in Henan and Macheng and Huang'an counties in Hubei Province to establish a new county and named it "Jingfu County" after Liu Zhi.
This is the second new county added by the Kuomintang in the Dabie Mountains. However, this was not enough to meet Chiang Kai-shek's needs. He believed that the Dabie Mountains were one of the "old nests" of the Communist Party, and that there were Communist Party organizations everywhere that organized the peasants to arm, fight local tyrants, and divide the land.
Moreover, the Dabie Mountain area is adjacent to the mountains and rivers, the humanities are similar, and the junction of neighboring provinces and counties is far away from the city, and the control is inconvenient, and the government decree is not in time. Therefore, in January 1933, he ordered the junction of Xiaogan, Huang'an, and Huangpi in Hubei Province and Luoshan and Xinyang counties in Henan Province to set aside a part of the area and establish a new county, named "Lishan County" after the local Lishan.
This is the third newly added county by the Kuomintang in the Dabie Mountains.
When the three counties of Lihuang, Jingfu and Lishan were established, people changed from Hubei to Henan overnight, or from Henan to Anhui. Although disputes arose between neighboring provinces due to the issue of subordination, after on-site investigation and comprehensive consideration, Lihuang County was placed under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province, Jingfu County was placed under the jurisdiction of Henan Province, and Lishan County was placed under the jurisdiction of Hubei Province.
These three counties, like three "nails", have penetrated deeply into the hinterland of the Dabie Mountains in Hubei, Henan, and Anhui. However, although Chiang Kai-shek tried to control the region by creating three new counties, they did not work as intended.
Even at the low ebb of serious setbacks for the revolutionary movement, the local Party organizations and the masses of the people in the Dabie Mountains remained firmly convinced that victory was coming and resolutely resisted to the end.
Their faith and courage make the red flag of Dabie Mountain always fly high. After the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army began its westward expedition, the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China rebuilt the Red 25th Army.
In November 1934, the Red 25th Army was ordered to go north, and the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Party organization formed the Red 28th Army to continue fighting. After the outbreak of the all-out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Red 28th Army was reorganized into the 4th Detachment of the New Fourth Army and marched eastward to resist Japan.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he led the Hubei-Henan Independent Guerrilla Brigade of the New Fourth Army to the south, and after continuous development and growth, it was reorganized into the Fifth Division of the New Fourth Army.
On June 26, 1946, the Central Plains Breakout that shocked China and the rest of the world took place in Xuanhuadian in Lishan County, which marked the full-scale outbreak of the second civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
1.During the War of Liberation, the Shanxi-Hebei-Lu-Henan Field Army broke through the natural dangers of the Yellow River and waved all the way south, overcoming thousands of difficulties and dangers, and leaping thousands of miles into the Dabie Mountains in late August 1947 and liberating the entire territory of Lihuang County.
Since Lihuang County has been mastered by the people, it is inappropriate to use the name of the Kuomintang general as the name of the county. Therefore, according to the opinions and strong demands of the people, after consulting Chief Liu Deng and through democratic consultation, Lihuang County was renamed Jinzhai County.
On August 28, 1947, the Shanxi-Hebei-Lu-Henan Field Army defeated the Kuomintang army and local reactionary forces entrenched in Jingfu County. Subsequently, the Kuomintang and Communist armies launched many fierce battles in Xinji.
With the development of the revolutionary situation, it is no longer appropriate to continue to use "Jingfu" as the name of the county. The commander of the field army *** took into account that the county ** was stationed in the new market town, which was a "new"; The people became the masters of the country and started a new life, which is the second "new".
Therefore, he suggested that Jingfu County be changed to a new county. As soon as this opinion was put forward, everyone thought it was very good and unanimously agreed. On December 30, 1947, Jingfu County was renamed Xinxian County, which has been used until now.
On April 6, 1949, the entire territory of Lishan County was liberated. Although Lishan County is not named after Kuomintang generals like Lihuang County and Jingfu County, it is no longer suitable to follow the name of the county given by the Kuomintang authorities for the purpose of "suppressing the Communist Party."
On September 10, 1952, in order to commemorate the glorious achievements of the people's revolutionary struggle in Dawu Mountain, Lishan County was renamed Dawu County, which has been used to this day. So far, all three counties have been given a new lease of life.
2.During the War of Liberation, the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army marched all the way south after breaking through the Yellow River. In late August 1947, they leaped thousands of miles into the Dabie Mountains and liberated Lihuang County.
However, the name of Lihuang County is no longer appropriate, because the people have become the masters of their own affairs. Therefore, according to the opinions and strong demands of the masses, they decided to change the name of Lihuang County to Jinzhai County through democratic consultations.
On August 28 of the same year, the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army defeated the Kuomintang army and local reactionary forces entrenched in Jingfu County. Since then, the Kuomintang and Communist armies have fought many fierce battles in Xinji.
With the development of the revolutionary situation, it is no longer appropriate to continue to use "Jingfu" as the name of the county. The commander of the field army *** took into account that the county ** was stationed in the new market town, which was a "new"; The people became the masters of the country and started a new life, which is the second "new".
Therefore, he suggested that Jingfu County be changed to a new county. This view was well received. On December 30, 1947, Jingfu County was renamed Xinxian County, and it has been used to this day.
On April 6, 1949, the entire territory of Lishan County was liberated. Although Lishan County was not named after a Kuomintang general, it is not appropriate to follow the name of the county given by the Kuomintang authorities in order to "suppress the Communists."
Therefore, on September 10, 1952, in order to commemorate the glorious achievements of the people's revolutionary struggle in Dawu Mountain, Lishan County was renamed Dawu County, and it has been used to this day.
All three counties have been given a new lease of life.
Jinzhai County, Xinxian County and Dawu County, these three places once produced countless heroic sons and daughters who sacrificed their lives for the revolutionary cause in the years of war of blood and fire.
Here, there are martyrs in every village and the Red Army in every household, and their heroic deeds and selfless dedication have created a miracle of "28 years of red flag not falling" for the Dabie Mountain area. Jinzhai County, located in Lu'an City, Anhui Province, is the second largest "General County" in China, with a total area of 3,814 square kilometers.
Many founding generals have been trained here, including 8 lieutenant generals such as General Hong Xuezhi, Pi Dingjun, Zhang Xianyue, Lin Weixian, Li Yao, Chen Xianrui, Zeng Shaoshan, Teng Haiqing, Xu Liqing, and 50 major generals.
Xinxian County, located in Xinyang City, Henan Province, is the core area of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui base area, and is known as "the cradle of the Red Army and the hometown of generals". Many founding generals were born here, including generals Xu Shiyou, Li Desheng, Zheng Weishan, Wu Xianen, Zhang Chiming, Fan Chaoli 4 lieutenant generals, and 37 major generals.
Dawu County, located in Xiaogan City, Hubei Province, has a total area of 1986 square kilometers. Here came a general Xu Haidong, 3 generals *** Zhou Zhijian, Nie Fengzhi, and 32 major generals.
These heroic revolutionary martyrs paid a huge price for the independence and freedom of the motherland, and their spirit and deeds will forever be engraved in our hearts.
Without the great new democratic revolution, there would be no these three counties we have today: Jinzhai, Xinxian, and Dawu. These places are witnesses of history and are products of revolution.
As the famous red hometown, these three counties have special "troubles". Because these three counties were not yet established at the time of the birth of the older generation of revolutionaries, many of the older generation still regarded their birthplace as their place of origin.
But no matter who they are, they all have a common name: the children of Dabie Mountain, the children of Hubei, Henan and Anhui! Their roots are here, their souls are here, they are the products of this great revolution, and they are the pride of our nation!