Peanuts, as a nutritious food, have always been loved by people. Growing peanuts correctly ensures that they grow well, increasing yields and ensuring our food safety. In this article, we will introduce the correct planting method of peanuts in detail, from seed selection, soil preparation, planting techniques to pest control.
1. Seed selection
Choosing high-quality peanut seeds is the key to successful planting. When choosing seeds, you should choose varieties that are full, free of pests and diseases, and have strong disease resistance. In addition, depending on the local climate, soil and growing environment, it is important to choose the right variety.
2. Soil preparation
Soil is the foundation of peanut growth, and suitable soil conditions are essential for peanut growth. In general, loose, fertile, well-drained soil is conducive to the growth of peanuts. Before planting, the land should be deeply cultivated to increase the permeability of the soil, and an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer should be applied to improve the fertility of the soil.
3. Planting technology
1.Sowing time: The sowing time of peanuts should be determined according to local climatic conditions. In general, when the soil temperature is stable above 15, sowing can begin.
2.Sowing method: Peanuts can be planted by burrow sowing or strip sowing. When sowing, the sowing depth and density should be controlled to ensure that the seeds can germinate smoothly.
3.Mulching: To maintain soil moisture and temperature, mulch can be used. Mulching increases the growth rate of peanuts and can reduce the growth of weeds.
4. Field management
1.Watering: Peanuts need plenty of water to grow, especially during flowering and podding, and need to keep the soil moist. In arid areas, watering should be done in time to ensure the normal growth of peanuts.
2.Fertilization: During growth, peanuts need the right amount of nutrients. On the basis of applying sufficient base fertilizer, according to the growth of peanuts, timely top dressing. Generally, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other fertilizers are the mainstay, and the principle of "small amount and many times" should be followed when topdressing.
3.Weeding: During the growth period of peanuts, weeding should be done regularly to prevent weeds from competing with peanuts for nutrients. Care should be taken not to damage the root system of peanuts when weeding.
4.Pest control: Pests and diseases are important factors affecting the growth of peanuts. In the planting process, the monitoring and prevention of pests and diseases should be strengthened. Once pests and diseases are found, effective control measures should be taken in time, such as chemical control and biological control.
5.Harvesting and storage: Harvest when the peanut pods are hard and the husks darker. After harvesting, it should be dried and then stored in a ventilated and dry place to prevent moisture and mildew.
5. Precautions
1.Planting density: Planting density has a great impact on the yield and quality of peanuts. Factors such as variety characteristics, soil fertility and climatic conditions should determine the appropriate planting density.
2.Pest control: Pests and diseases are one of the important factors affecting the growth of peanuts. In the planting process, the monitoring and prevention of pests and diseases should be strengthened. Once pests and diseases are found, effective control measures should be taken in time, such as chemical control and biological control.
3.Crop rotation: In order to maintain soil nutrient balance and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, crop rotation should be used for planting. Crop rotation between different crops can effectively improve soil structure and improve soil fertility.
4.Harvesting and storage: Harvesting and storage is one of the important aspects of peanut planting. Improper harvesting time will affect the yield and quality of peanuts, and should be stored in a ventilated and dry place after harvest to prevent moisture and mildew.
5.Fertilization management: Fertilization is one of the important measures to improve peanut yield. When fertilizing, reasonable fertilization should be carried out according to soil fertility and peanut growth needs, so as to avoid soil pollution and waste of resources caused by excessive fertilization.
6.Irrigation management: irrigation is one of the important conditions for peanut growth, and irrigation should be timely in the dry season to keep the soil moist to avoid the impact of drought on peanuts. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to avoid problems such as peanut root rot caused by flooding.