Renyin Palace changedJiajing was almost assassinated by the palace maid
In 1521 AD, Ming Wuzong died, leaving no heirs. Empress Dowager Zhang and Yang Tinghe, the first assistant of the cabinet, jointly decided to pass the throne to Ming Wuzong's cousin Zhu Houxi, that is, Ming Shizong.
Ming Shizong Zhu Houxi is the grandson of Ming Xianzong Zhu Jianshen, the nephew of Ming Xiaozong Zhu Youji, and the son of Xingxian Wang Zhu Youzhen. He ascended the throne in 1521 with the era name "Jiajing" and reigned for 45 years, becoming the 11th emperor of the Ming Dynasty.
Zhu Houxi: Young and old, inheriting the title to become a new generation of Xingwang Zhu Houxi, Ming Shizong, is the second son of Xingxian King Zhu Youqi. Under the influence of a good education, he was familiar with Confucian classics, such as the Book of Filial Piety, the Book of Rites, and the University.
Just when 13-year-old Zhu Houxi was deeply saddened by the death of his father, the unexpected "brother to brother" made him a new generation of Xingwang and began to support the palace independently. This experience allowed Zhu Houxi to show his old and serious side when he was a teenager.
In 1521 AD, Ming Wuzong Zhu Houzhao died, and the imperial court faced a brief period of chaos due to the lack of children to inherit the throne. However, Yang Tinghe, the first assistant of the cabinet, reached an agreement with Empress Dowager Zhang to identify the 15-year-old Xingwang Zhu Houxi as the successor through the "Imperial Family Ming Xun" and the "Wuzong Edict", thus realizing the consolidation of imperial power.
However, after Zhu Houxi ascended the throne, he encountered a difficult problem, that is, the "confession" incident. According to the regulations, he should posthumously recognize his uncle Ming Xiaozong Zhu Youzhi as his father, and change his biological father to his uncle.
However, Zhu Houxi studied Confucian classics since he was a child, and the experience of presiding over the Xingwang Mansion at the age of 13 made him well versed in the "etiquette system", and he was resolutely unwilling to change his perception.
Despite the pressure of this incident, Zhu Houxi firmly believed in his views and firmly persevered in them, fully demonstrating his determination and courage as emperor.
Great Gifts"Question: A long-running political conflict over the political status of Zhu Houxi's biological father and the imperial throne ended with the dismissal of Yang Tinghe and Yang Shen, the rebuke of the ministers, and the victory of Zhu Houxi.
The outcome of this conflict included the recognition of Zhu Youqi's identity and posthumous title as emperor, the posthumous title of his biological mother, and the placement of his parents' tablets in the Taimiao Temple and the Fengxian Hall for future generations to worship.
Ming Shizong Zhu Houxi reformed the sacrificial system, sacrificed to the heavens, the earth, the sun, and the moon respectively, and encouraged the courtiers to put forward suggestions for improvement, and dynamically improved the field rites and music rites. This not only enhanced his own prestige and power, but also used it to realize the personnel adjustment of the imperial court, which can be described as killing multiple birds with one stone.
While consolidating the imperial power, Zhu Houxi of the Ming Dynasty also completed the personnel adjustment that was loyal to him. Through a series of reforms, with the support of Zhang Xuan and other henchmen, he realized "Jiajing Zhongxing".
Jiajing Zhongxing"It was a prosperous period in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, which made remarkable achievements in the political, economic, military, and cultural fields. In terms of politics, the imperial power was strengthened, the way of speech was rectified, the reform was redundant, and the dictatorship of foreign relatives and eunuchs was strictly guarded against, so as to ensure political stability and clarity.
In the economic aspect, the reform of the farmland has been restricted, the fields of the Xunqi Zhuangtian have been cleaned up, and the tax system has been reformed, which has promoted economic development and improved the people's living standards. On the military side, it eliminated the Japanese troubles, thwarted the Tatars, defeated Portugal, and ensured the security and territorial integrity of the country.
In terms of culture, the emphasis on education, the rectification of the imperial examination, the stimulation of morale, and the rectification of academic politics have made the creation of vernacular ** and drama legends have been greatly prosperous. The four famous novels "Journey to the West" and the historical romance ** "Golden Vase Plum" came out during this period; The Yangming Xinxue of Confucian Taoism has been widely spread, and the schools are vertical and horizontal; He ordered people to begin transcribing copies of the Yongle Canon, which was not completed until 1567 AD.
These achievements laid a solid foundation for the prosperity of the Ming Dynasty in the middle of the Ming Dynasty.
1.During the Jiajing period, the "Golden Vase Plum" depicts the reform of the post delivery system and the transformation of the capital, such as the construction of the Temple of Earth, the Temple of the Sun, and the Temple of the Moon. The History of the Ming Dynasty during this period praises Sejong for his efforts to eradicate maladministration at the beginning of his ascension to the throne and make the whole country prosperous.
However, the dispute over the Great Gift caused a boiling of **, and Xingchen's pretense led to the rise of the Great Prison. Although Sejong's understanding of the posthumous establishment of the temple and the righteousness of the monarch is appropriate, it is still a bit too much to ascend to the temple and put himself above the martial sect.
At this time, the country was faced with the dilemma of border exhaustion and internal thieves, Taoism was prevalent, sacrifices were not fully prepared, construction was frequent, and the treasury was in an emergency. Although Sejong seized power by cutting off the traitors, his later performance as a moderately talented ruler was not satisfactory.
Therefore, the Zhongxing atmosphere of Ming Shizong in the early period could not be sustained, and the situation gradually deteriorated in the later period. 2.Emperor Jiajing excelled in the early stage and was a diligent and studious student.
However, in the later period, he began to indulge in Taoism, and his trust in Taoist priests reached an insurmountable level. As a result, many major national affairs depend on God's will, causing the government and the opposition to complain and the people to make a living.
In addition, Emperor Jiajing began to work hard and lose money, and built a large number of buildings, just for the purpose of refining pills and cultivating immortals.
Emperor Jiajing was keen on cultivating immortals and advocating Taoism, but the Taoist priests offered an extremely absurd cultivation method, which required the use of ** menstrual blood to refine the elixir. In order to obtain this menstrual blood, Emperor Jiajing ordered a large number of young women to enter the palace, and stipulated that the palace maids were not allowed to eat and drink, but could only eat mulberry leaves and dew.
This made these palace maids miserable, resulting in the death of more than 200 palace maids. This move sparked strong discontent among the people, and some palace maids, including Yang Jinying, Su Chuanyao, Yang Yuxiang and others, tried to strangle Emperor Jiajing in the palace.
However, due to the nervousness of one of the palace maids, the rope was knotted, and Emperor Jiajing escaped. This is the famous "Renyin Palace Change" incident in history, and in the end, all these palace maids were sentenced to Ling Chi.
Although the "Renyin Palace Change" did not have much impact on Emperor Jiajing's body, his psychology was greatly impacted, and he even felt disappointed and depressed, and for more than 20 years, he no longer participated in the early dynasty, but concentrated on practicing in the palace.
The Ming Dynasty rejected the request of Altan Khan, the leader of the Tumut tribe, for tribute, which led to the outbreak of war. The Mongol soldiers approached the city of Beijing, and the "Gengxu Change" occurred.
Historically, the Ming Dynasty has faced"The change of Gengxu"with"The south and the north are captive"The double challenge. "The change of Gengxu"It happened during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, when I led the Mongolian army to invade Datong, Shanxi, and the Ming Dynasty commander-in-chief Zhang Da and deputy commander-in-chief Lin Chun unfortunately died.
However, Qiu Luan, the commander of Xuanda, not only did not actively defend, but bribed me to answer, hoping that the other party would stop attacking. As a result, Alta marched into Beijing, killing and plundering countless times, and the Ming army was defeated, even threatening the capital of the Ming Dynasty.
The Ming Dynasty was in a panic, no one could deal with it, and the traitor Yan Song only wanted to settle the matter as soon as possible and negotiate peace in humiliation. At the suggestion of Xu Jie, the Ming Dynasty agreed to negotiate with Altan, and finally Altan retreated, which is"The change of Gengxu"。
At the same time, the Ming Dynasty also faced on the southeast coast"The south and the north are captive"of the haunting. During the Jiajing period, political corruption and lax border defense gradually increased in the south, echoing the Mongol invasion in the north.
Although most of the Wako are China's non-governmental maritime groups, they are still named"Bandits"with"Wakos"and is seen as the antithesis of the dynasty.
However, these are called"Wakos"The people were not actually against the Ming Dynasty, they were just forced to leave Japan or hired some Japanese in it. In this case, the Ming Dynasty adopted a strict maritime ban policy, but it intensified the people's revolt.
The Ming Dynasty's "forbidden sea" policy not only caused economic damage to the coastal areas, but also restricted the civil sea**, which led to the emergence of the southern Japanese pirates. Although the famous generals of the Ming Dynasty worked hard to solve the problem of the Japanese in the last years of Jiajing, the negative effects of this policy still existed.
Opening up and developing the sea was an important opportunity missed by the Ming Dynasty, and at the same time, it also led to an indiscriminate attack on the "real Kou" and "fake Kou", resulting in a situation of more and more chaos.
Emperor Jiajing died in 1567 at the age of 60 and was buried in the Yongling Tomb in Changping, Beijing. He takes the Buddha as the heart, the Tao as the bone, and the Confucianism as the surface, and looks at the world with a generous vision.
He is convinced that only with skills in hand, in the body, and in the brain, can he face life calmly. I am @grasslandwind, a blogger dedicated to promoting the classics of Chinese culture.
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