Hello everyone, I'm Fortune Position. A meditative practitioner and a lover of traditional culture. The rise and fall of the world is the responsibility of the husband. Small people, big voices.
I have written many articles about my country's food problem, and I have talked about a great problem facing my country, which is the food problem. Recently, I saw the first document, which listed the issue of food security as the primary major issue. Today, let's talk about China's food problem and some information on the food problem in Document No. 1.
1. Ensuring national food security
(1) Do a good job in the production of grain and important agricultural products. Solidly promote a new round of 100 billion catties of grain production capacity improvement action. It is necessary to stabilize the sown area of grain, put the focus of increasing grain output on increasing grain yield in a large area, and ensure that grain output is maintained at 1More than 3 trillion catties. Implement the grain yield improvement project, and integrate and promote good land, good seeds, good opportunities and good methods. Consolidate the results of soybean planting expansion and support the development of high-oil and high-yield varieties. The minimum purchase price of wheat should be appropriately raised, and the minimum purchase price of rice should be reasonably determined. We will continue to implement the policies of subsidies for the protection of cultivated land, subsidies for corn and soybean producers, and subsidies for rice. Improve the response mechanism for ensuring the supply and price stability of agricultural materials, and encourage local governments to explore the establishment of dynamic subsidy methods linked to the range of agricultural materials. Expand the scope of implementation of full-cost insurance and planting income insurance policies, and achieve nationwide coverage of the three major staple grains and orderly expansion of soybeans. Encourage local governments to develop insurance for special agricultural products. Promote the accurate insurance and settlement of agricultural insurance claims, so that all the compensation should be paid. Improve the catastrophe insurance system. Increase support for large grain-producing counties. Explore the establishment of an inter-provincial horizontal benefit compensation mechanism for grain production and marketing areas, and deepen multi-channel production and marketing cooperation. Expand the area of rapeseed and support the development of Camellia oleifera and other special oilseeds. Increase subsidies for sugar cane seedlings and machine harvesting. Strengthen the construction of emergency supply bases for "vegetable basket" products, optimize the regulation and control mechanism of pig production capacity, and stabilize the basic production capacity of beef and mutton. Improve the standard of liquid milk, standardize the labeling of reconstituted milk, and promote the consumption of fresh milk. Support deep-sea aquaculture and the development of forest food. Establish the concept of big agriculture and big food, expand food through multiple channels, and explore the construction of a big food monitoring and statistical system.
The above is the core content of the food issue in document No. 1.
Problems facing China's food security
First of all, let's briefly talk about the main issues of China's grain problem.
First, the phenomenon of abandonment of fertile land in rural areas is becoming increasingly serious.
I don't know if there are any friends in the countryside or friends who know the countryside, but the phenomenon of abandonment of farmland in rural areas is very serious. In particular, in some economically developed places, farmers can go to work nearby. The income of working for one or two months is much more than the income of planting one acre and three points of land. As a result, many farmers have abandoned their fields, some have subleased them, and some have planted some non-grain high-yield crops. Some of the phenomena caused by this are that more fields are wasted, more vegetables, fruits, and medicinal herbs are grown, and fewer are grown grain.
The grain output in the rural areas can barely sustain the consumption of its own population, and the grain consumption of the urban population mainly depends on China's nine major commercial grain bases.
With the decline in rural grain production, the problem of insufficient grain production will gradually emerge. How to solve it?
One. Increase grain purchases**.
This method has some effect, but the effect must not be good. It is effective for large grain growers with a lot of land, but the effect on ordinary farmers is very limited. The average farmer has too little land, and the extremely limited farmland output is not as profitable as if it were a part-time job, so it cannot attract farmers.
In order to solve this problem, rural farmers still have to take the road of collectivized large-scale planting during the period of the people's commune, make overall planning, and continuously improve efficiency and reduce costs through large-scale mechanical planting. However, if it is marketized now, it is more likely that the farmland will be leased to agricultural companies.
2. Increase grain yields.
The scale of grain planting cannot be increased, and it can only be supplemented by yield. The simplest and most effective way to do this is to use itGenetically modified crops。Direct promotion of high-yield genetically modified crops in major grain producing bases is convenient, fast and efficient, with minimal resistance.
However, genetically modified crops also have great safety risks, and long-term consumption may lead to a series of national health risks such as cancer, infertility, and stunted growth of the next generation. It can also be used as a gene by an enemy country50 years to destroy a nation
3. Imports. Not on your own, dependent on imports. Relying on imports is a dead end. I believe that no one will rely on imports for all food problems, and to rely on imports is to hand over their weakness to the enemy.
It can be imported, but it cannot be relied on.
Second, staple grains can be self-sufficient, and livestock feed is heavily dependent on imports
China's self-sufficiency rate in rice and wheat is relatively high, and its food rations are basically self-sufficient. However, animal feed grains such as soybeans and corn are heavily dependent on imports.
China's soybean imports have been very high, according to relevant data, soybean imports in 2021 will be 965180,000 tons, the self-sufficiency rate is less than 15%, and almost all soybeans for crushing are imported. In 2023, China will import 1600 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 117%。From a structural point of view, soybeans still account for the majority. The annual import volume was 99.41 million tons, an increase of 11 over the previous year4 percent, accounting for more than 6 percent of all grain imports.
Imported soybeans, on the one hand, meet the demand for edible vegetable oil consumption, and on the other hand, meet the demand for soybean meal for livestock and poultry breeding.
China's corn imports have shown a steady growth trend in recent years. In terms of imports**, the United States and Ukraine are China's main corn importers. In 2022, China's main corn imports will be the United States, accounting for 721%, while Ukraine occupies 255% ratio.
Overall, the United States has grasped the weak underbelly of our country in the two food crops, soybeans and corn.
3. China's grain reserves are sufficient, but fires in granaries are frequent.
China's grain reserves are still relatively sufficient, and the data show that the grain reserves are enough for the people of the whole country to eat 1-1About 5 years. However, the safety protection of the granary needs to be improved, and the granary is frequent, causing major national losses.
* As soon as the inspection team arrives, there is a possibility that the grain depot will catch fire. This cannot but raise doubts about the data on grain stocks in grain banks. In the end, the responsible persons are just a few inconsequential little people, and the punishment is just dereliction of duty, and it is not painful.
Grain production data and grain reserve data are related to national decision-making and must be true and effective.
** Some reflections triggered by Document I
Solidly promote a new round of 100 billion catties of grain production capacity improvement action. It is necessary to stabilize the sown area of grain, put the focus of increasing grain output on increasing grain yield in a large area, and ensure that grain output is maintained at 1More than 3 trillion catties.
How to increase the yield in a large area? Hybrid rice technology, chemical fertilizers and other means have long been used, and it seems that the only way to increase yields on a large scale is at presentLarge-scale promotion of genetically modified crops
Ensure that food production is maintained at 1More than 3 trillion catties. 1.3 trillion catties is 6500000 tons. In 2023, China's grain output will be 13,908200 million catties, an increase of 177 over the previous year600 million catties, a record high, stable at 1 for 9 consecutive yearsMore than 3 trillion catties. A new high every year, more than 1 every year3 trillion catties. Why make sure that food production is kept at 1More than 3 trillion catties.
Is the goal too low, or is the data a little inflated in the past, make sure that the wording gives the impression that the task is heavy. Ensuring that the data is true is a big problem.
Soybeans have been mentioned several times in a row, and soybean imports are mainly from the United States. It seems that the ** war with the United States will continue, or escalate, and relations may deteriorate further. The soldiers and horses did not move, and the grain and grass went firstDon't feel like you can't fight, be prepared for danger in times of peace.