1. The development of the theory of accident causation.
Accident causation theory is a safety science theory that studies the causes and laws of accidents and provides a theoretical basis for accident prevention and control. With the continuous advancement of industrial development and the continuous improvement of people's understanding of safety, the theory of accident causation has undergone a development process from a single factor to multiple factors, from simple to complex, from experience to science. The following are some representative theories in the development of accident causation theory.
1.Theory of frequent accident propensity.
The theory of accident propensity holds that accidents occur due to certain defects or tendencies in human beings that make workers prone to mistakes or unsafe operations at work. The theory is that these people with tendencies can be detected through observation and selection, and the occurrence of accidents can be reduced. However, this theory does not take into account the impact of factors such as the external environment and working conditions on accidents, so it has certain limitations.
2.System Security Theory.
System safety refers to the application of system safety management and system safety engineering principles in the life cycle of the system to identify hazards and minimize their hazards, so that the system can achieve the best degree of safety within the specified performance, time and cost range.
3.Dominoes.
The domino theory holds that the cause of an accident is that a chain reaction occurs in a series of events in a certain order and manner, which eventually leads to the occurrence of the accident. The theory is that accidents can be prevented and controlled by analyzing and controlling each of these chain reactions. The domino theory provides a systematic idea of accident prevention, that is, the control and improvement of all links.
4.Comprehensive causalism.
The synthesis theory believes that the cause of accidents is the result of the comprehensive effect of a variety of factors, including man, machine, environment, management and other aspects. The theory believes that measures should be taken to prevent and control accidents from multiple aspects, such as improving the safety awareness and technical level of personnel, improving the safety and reliability of equipment, strengthening environmental monitoring and management, and establishing a sound safety management system. Comprehensive theory is one of the more comprehensive and in-depth theories on the cause of accidents, and has been widely used in industrial safety management and accident prevention.
Hotspot Engine Plan 2. The Model of Modern Accident Cause Theory With the continuous development of industrial production, people have a deeper understanding of the causes and laws of accidents. Modern accident causal theory holds that accidents are caused by the interaction of a series of interrelated factors in the system under certain conditions. These factors include human, machine, environment, management and other aspects, and they interact and influence each other, leading to the occurrence of accidents. Therefore, the modern theory of accident causation emphasizes the analysis and control of various factors from the perspective of the system as a whole, so as to prevent and control the occurrence of accidents. According to the modern theory of accident causation, the following typical accident causal patterns can be summarized:1The trajectory intersection theory holds that the cause of accidents lies in the intersection of people's unsafe behaviors and the unsafe state of things in a certain time and space. This theory emphasizes that in accident prevention, it is necessary to control the behavior of people and the state of things at the same time, so as to avoid them from appearing in the same time and space. For example, in chemical production, it is necessary to strengthen the training and education of operators to improve their safety awareness and operation skills; At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the maintenance and overhaul of the equipment to ensure that the equipment is in a safe and reliable operating state.
2.Energy Transfer Theory.
The energy transfer theory believes that the cause of accidents is that the energy is released and transmitted out of control, resulting in loss of personnel and property. This theory emphasizes that effective measures should be taken to control and protect energy in the production process, such as setting up protective covers in machining, setting grounding protection in electrical operations, etc. At the same time, the theory also reminds people to take correct countermeasures when encountering high-energy injuries, such as quickly fleeing the fire scene in the fire, and adopting the correct shock absorption posture in the **.