Chao News reporter Lin Xiaohui Xu Fang correspondent Zhu Yao Ling.
Children are susceptible to influenza viruses and are at high risk. In this round of influenza outbreak, the number of pediatric patients continues to increase, and the demand for influenza medication has increased significantly.
Recently, Roche mabaloxavir dry suspension has been approved for marketing in China, and this "Internet celebrity flu drug" after oseltamivir has aroused discussions among many parents: what is the difference between mabaloxavir and oseltamivir, azithromycin and other drugs?How to take medicine scientifically?The reporter interviewed some pediatric experts in the province to understand the development trend of children's influenza, and asked them to answer hot questions such as the use of children's influenza and co-infection.
Since January, the number of pediatric outpatient and emergency departments has continued to be high, with an average daily volume of about 800 patients. Xu Zhen, director of the Department of Pediatrics at Huzhou Central Hospital, found that the proportion of patients with fever has increased significantly recently. "In mid-to-late December last year, about 50% of respiratory infectious diseases were caused by influenza A. Since New Year's Day this year, the proportion of influenza B patients has increased significantly, and the proportion of influenza A patients is the same as that of influenza A patients, and the mainstream pathogens of respiratory infectious diseases in children are influenza A and influenza B, accounting for about half of each, and the rest of the pathogens are other viruses, bacteria, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. ”
At present, for children's influenza, the main oral anti-influenza virus drugs recommended for clinical use are oseltamivir and mabaloxavir. The two drugs are different in terms of mechanism of action, usage, course of treatment, and applicable population, so how to choose?
Oseltamivir can inhibit the release of the virus, while mabaloxavir directly inhibits the replication of the virus by inhibiting the synthesis of viral nucleic acid. Wang Yingshuo, director of the outpatient department and director of the Department of Pediatrics of the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, explained that in general, compared with other anti-influenza drugs, mabaloxavir can relieve clinical symptoms faster, and a course of treatment can be completed after taking it once, and gastrointestinal reactions are relatively small, which has attracted more and more attention from patients recently.
In fact, both drugs are used in clinical practice** and are almost as effective against influenza. Wang Yingshuo reminded that oseltamivir and mabaloxavir need to be taken on the premise of being diagnosed with influenza, and it is not recommended to buy and take them casually. At the same time, there are restrictions on the applicable patient group of mabaloxavir, and the age of confirmed influenza patients is required to be older than five years, while the new drug dry suspension of mabaloxavir is suitable for people over one year old. Wang Yingshuo emphasized that when taking medicine, we must pay attention to clinical indications, dosage, allergic reactions and other precautions.
Regarding the previous online recommendation to give children azithromycin and other drugs, the above two experts both said that the virus is still the most common pathogen of respiratory tract infections in children, and antibacterial drugs, including azithromycin, are ineffective against viral infections. The recent epidemic of influenza B is also caused by viruses, and antibiotics such as penicillin and cephalosporin are drugs against bacteria and are ineffective against influenza B, so it is not recommended to use antibiotics without authorization when children have fever symptoms.
"Co-infection" of respiratory pathogens in children has also been a hot topic recently. Xu Zhen introduced that after entering the winter, common childhood pathogens such as respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus also began to be active, and it was easy to superimpose infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae and influenza virus. About 10 to 15 percent of his recent patients are co-infected.
Early identification, ** is important. Wang Yingshuo told reporters, "There are early signs of influenza combined with bacterial infection, and if diagnosed early, this risk can be effectively avoided." "Specifically, if some patients have worsening symptoms and their body temperature rises again when their condition is improving, it is likely to be a sign of co-infectionPurulent nasal discharge, cough with purulent sputum, and poor mental status are also manifestations of bacterial infection in clinical symptoms. In addition, it can also be combined with blood routine, C-reactive protein and other indicators for comprehensive judgment. Wang Yingshuo suggested that if the above symptoms appear, implement targeted ** as soon as possible.
Wang Yingshuo reminded that the children will usher in the winter vacation next, and the mobility will increase, so it is recommended to reduce going to crowded places with poor air circulation, and wear masks if you need to go.
In addition, parents should also remind their children to maintain good hygiene habits, wash their hands after touching common objects, and disinfect children's toys and daily necessities frequently. Winter and spring is the period of high incidence of children's respiratory tract infectious diseases, and the list of medical institutions in Zhejiang Province to carry out the diagnosis and treatment of children's respiratory tract infections has been updated on the WeChat of "Healthy Zhejiang".
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