In 1955, the Military Commission held an award ceremony in Huairen Hall, Zhongnanhai, and personally awarded medals to the top ten marshals. However, there is no *** name in the list of ten generals.
Although *** had commanded the Baise Uprising, served as the political commissar of the 129th Division, participated in the Huaihai Campaign and the Battle of Crossing the River, as well as the campaign to liberate the Great Southwest, his merits and qualifications were enough to make him a marshal.
However, like ***, he took the initiative to resign from the award. Therefore, the name of ** does not appear on the list of titles. Later, ** led the reform and opening up and promoted the rapid development of our country's economy, although his military talent may be overlooked, but his contribution to the country is unparalleled.
**, as one of the 36 military strategists who founded the country, his military talent is actually seriously underestimated. ** and others spoke highly of its military capabilities.
Among them, **once commented*** as "both civil and military, good as flow", and I still remember the scene when the two fought side by side. The deep friendship between the two began in 1931 when they met in the Soviet area, and they were the military and political chiefs who had cooperated with us for the longest time and had the deepest affection in our army during the revolutionary years.
In war, ** is not only a political commissar, he also has excellent military talents, and often even takes charge alone. **once spoke highly of *** both civil and military, good as flow", and praised him for "Xiaoping does not pay attention to rules in fighting (referring to flexibility and change)".
As early as the time of the Baise Uprising, ** showed his military talent. In December 1929, he went to Guangxi as a delegate and took full command of the work of the military uprising.
Therefore, victory in the battle is inseparable from ***.
The Art of War: "Know yourself and know your opponent, and you will not be defeated in a hundred battles". * After coming to Guangxi, he did not immediately make arrangements for the uprising, but chose to spend more than ten days to investigate the local political situation on the ground.
He found that there were many warlords here, the revolutionary mass base was weak, and our party had no stable base to rely on here. After fully understanding the situation, ** personally worked out detailed preparations.
He first raised the slogan against imperialism on the ground, which was a widely shared view at the time. The masses at the bottom, who have been oppressed by imperialism for a long time, were attracted by this call and sided with our party one after another.
In this way, the uprising had a solid mass base.
In the process of striving for the victory of the revolution, ** knew that it was impossible to defeat a strong enemy without help, so he skillfully took advantage of the contradictions between the local warlords and the contradictions with Chiang Kai-shek, divided and collapsed, and successfully distracted the enemy's attention and strength.
At the same time, with his firm will and resolute decision-making, he seized the opportunity of the local warlords to retreat from the defeat against Chiang, decisively launched the Baise Uprising, and established our party's revolutionary base area, which caused a sensation throughout the country.
The military thinking of the first is not only reflected in his keen grasp of the war situation and calm analysis of the situation, but also pays attention to both civilian and military skills, and is good at promoting the development of military battles through various auxiliary measures, which has been highly praised.
After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, ** joined the anti-Japanese front in North China as the political commissar of the 129th Division, and in the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan base areas, he implemented a series of wartime policies that greatly improved the combat effectiveness of the troops.
In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang army on the frontal battlefield suffered frequent defeats, and although our army won a number of victories in the early stage, it was extremely heavy, and there was also a negative anti-Japanese war and pessimistic revolutionary sentiment in the troops.
An army unarmed with ideas cannot achieve victory. In order to solve this problem, in April 1941, ** published the article "Oppose numbness and open up the serious situation in Taihang District".
In the article, he revealed the root cause of the comrades' passive slackness in the army, and put forward effective solutions to the problem, that is, "appropriate disciplinary punishment" and "necessary ideological education".
Under his leadership, the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan base areas carried out a rectification campaign, which brought the troops closer together and the base areas were rapidly expanded. At the same time, in the face of the predicament of successive drought and locust plagues in the base areas, the first unit immediately organized the troops to carry out a campaign to help themselves through production, and took the lead in tightening food and clothing, so that the people's army and the masses of the people could be closely linked.
In addition, it has also innovatively proposed streamlining the administration of the troops, which has saved the expenses of the troops, lightened the burden of the local masses, and greatly improved the overall combat effectiveness of the troops.
** expressed high recognition of ***'s military talent, and praised him as a good political commissar with "both civil and military skills", worthy of respect and obedience. After the end of the Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek intended to launch a full-scale civil war, which was extremely unfavorable to the development of our army.
In order to change the situation, in 1947, ** formulated the strategic deployment of "advancing the three armies and passing through the Central Plains", the most critical of which was that Liu Deng's army jumped thousands of miles into Dabie Mountain, and the success of this operation will be directly related to the overall victory or defeat.
As the secretary of the Central Plains Bureau of the Communist Party of China, I deeply feel the strategic importance of Dabie Mountain. He made it clear: "The Central Plains is a decisive place for the enemy, and Dabie Mountain is the key.
It is an important springboard for us to cross the Yangtze River, and the enemy is always threatened by our army's crossing of the Yangtze River. We must seize the Dabie Mountain, which is a major task for our army. I will not hesitate, as soon as the ** order is issued, I will immediately lead the troops south with ***.
At the oath-taking meeting before departure, I firmly mobilized everyone: we will go south, do not keep the rear, do not keep important materials, are not afraid of any losses, and leap thousands of miles into Dabie Mountain, and we will definitely be able to achieve victory. ”
However, it was impossible for such a large-scale operation not to be discovered by Chiang Kai-shek's military aircraft. After seeing the movement of Liu Deng's army, Chiang Kai-shek immediately flew to Zhengzhou, personally dispatched troops, and deployed as many as ten brigades in southwest Lu in an attempt to contain our army north of the Yellow River.
At that time, important cities in North China fell under Chiang Kai-shek's control. If you fight the enemy here, you will face the danger of being attacked on your back, and the strategy of "going to the outside" proposed by ** will not be realized.
At this critical moment, ** firmly stated at the pre-war meeting: "We will not follow Han Shin's." When it comes to life and death, we have only one choice......Successfully advancing to Dabie Mountain is victory! ”
** Against public opinion, he ordered the troops to abandon their heavy equipment and march on foot with the soldiers arm-in-arm in the mud of the Yellow Flood Area. In the end, after 22 days of arduous trekking, Liu Deng's army successfully arrived at the Huangchuan and Gushi areas at the northern foot of Dabie Mountain.
When *** heard the news, he breathed a sigh of relief. However, arriving at Dabie Mountain is only the first step in a thousand miles, and how to gain a firm foothold here is a greater test for ***.
** At the critical moment, with his outstanding military talents, two key factors were formulated for the survival of Dabie Mountain: one was to successfully break the enemy's military siege, and the other was to carry out an agrarian revolution and win the support of the broad masses of the people.
In order to express the importance of these factors more clearly, ** personally drafted a directive called "Creation and Consolidation of the Dabie Mountain Base Area" on the same day he arrived in Dabie Mountain, and planned a specific action plan in detail.
In order to stabilize the base area, ** and *** respectively commanded the inner line and the outer line, successfully contained the enemy's main force, and at the same time, they also launched battles on the outer line to continuously expand the scope of the base area.
**'s military command ability was tested more severely after the division of troops, but he still performed well. In the face of hundreds of thousands of Kuomintang troops surrounded by heavy troops, ** firmly believed"Avoid war, stand firm, everything is based on stabilizing your foothold"。
So, he led his troops to wage an ingenious guerrilla war against the Kuomintang army in the mountains. On the march, he creatively developed a guerrilla strategy of ***, proposed"The enemy advances, and I advance"with"Arrogant and arrogant, hold on to the enemy"tactical approach. "
The enemy advances, and I advance"It means that when the enemy attacks, we attack in the opposite direction, leaving the enemy unstoppable and exhausted.
By giving full play to the concept of arrogance and indulgence in the enemy's position and holding on to the moment, our army has demonstrated remarkable mobility. In the process of getting rid of the pursuing troops, ** often sent a small number of small detachments to move around, creating the illusion that our army was scattered, so that the enemy army fell into a state of paralysis and carelessness.
Once the enemy army is alone, ** immediately command the main force to quickly attack, destroy all the lone enemies, and gradually weaken the enemy's strength.
Under the sincere cooperation and skillful command of the Central Plains, the Central Plains Liberated Area was quickly established, successfully containing the strength of more than 90 brigades of the Kuomintang, and greatly reducing the pressure on our army in other battlefields.
Even though he had a general relationship with ***, ** still highly appreciated his decisive decision-making and military talent displayed in the process. At the Lushan Conference in 1959, the military genius firmly believed: "Erye's victory is mainly due to the leadership of ***." ”
**'s humility is admirable, and he insists that he is only a political commissar, emphasizing the close relationship between Liu and Deng. And *** praised him with "a little man has great wisdom".
At the critical moment of the Liberation War, he commanded the Liaoshen Campaign and successfully eliminated the main force of the Kuomintang in Northeast China. Subsequently, Liu Deng and Chen Su launched the Huaihai Campaign, and although the enemy had unfavorable forces and the enemy had modern equipment, they still won the victory.
These all show the wisdom and pattern of the great man.
Therefore, before the decisive battle, it is necessary to choose a person who has great advantages in all aspects as the leader to coordinate all parties, and this person is *** On November 16, 1948, the General Front Committee of the Huaihai Campaign was formally established, and he personally appointed *** as the secretary of the General Front Committee, responsible for coordinating and leading the combat deployment of the two major field armies in the Central Plains and East China, and Su Yu is a member of the General Front Committee, which fully demonstrates the recognition and full trust of ***'s outstanding military talent.
Of course, it is undeniable that in the Huaihai Campaign, Su Yu showed superb military command art, but if there is no overall planning, it will also be a rather difficult task to eat the enemy's 800,000 troops with 600,000 troops.
After the Huaihai Campaign and the Liaoshen Campaign, Chiang Kai-shek attempted to establish power south of the Yangtze River. However, this idea was dashed when he refused to sign the peace agreement.
Then, the battle of crossing the river began, and the secretary of the General Front Committee was still the chairman of ***, and instructed *** to continue to exercise the power to lead the military and operations. In the battle of crossing the river, more than one million troops of our army participated in the battle.
If the battle plan for each unit is specified in detail as before, there may be omissions due to lack of understanding of the actual situation of the troops. With this in mind, it is advocated that when drawing up the outline of the operational plan, the General Front Committee should stand on a higher position and be more principled, leaving room for commanders and fighters to maneuver.
They will perform flexibly depending on the combat situation.
**In the drafted "Outline for the Implementation of the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou Campaign", with its meticulous operational ideas, it successfully defeated the million-strong division across the Yangtze River, and finally planted the flag on the Nanjing ** Mansion.
After the war, the "Outline" of **sighing *** was extremely stable, and **nodded again and again after reading the battle summary of ***. Even in 1966, when the Albanian delegation visited China, ** specifically mentioned this matter, and *** was also present at that time.
** To the representative of the country: "Although this comrade is not very tall, his military talents are outstanding, he is the one who successfully captured Nanjing!" ”
** I have always cherished the three years of the Liberation War, even after the reform and opening up. In 1984, he smiled in response to a question from Japanese Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone, saying: "The three years of the Liberation War were the happiest time of my life.
Although we were poorly equipped, we were able to win with less and the weak against the strong. * He has always paid attention to the reform and development of the armed forces, which has been evident since the beginning of his reform and opening up.
On June 4, 1985, at the enlarged meeting of the Central Military Commission, it was announced that the Chinese People's Liberation Army would reduce 1 million posts, a decision that shocked the world.
This decision was made after careful consideration, and in the investigation of the army, it was found that the size of the army was too large, the quality of the soldiers could not meet the requirements of the modern army, and the purpose of disarmament was to enhance the combat effectiveness of the troops.
Under the leadership of the People's Liberation Army, the Central Military Commission completed the task of disarmament by one million in just two years, and realized the leap from quantitative to qualitative change and from manpower-intensive to science and technology-intensive in the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
Comrade ** is not only the leader of reform and opening up, but also a leader in the field of our affairs, and has made great contributions to national defense and army building. We deeply respect the great merits of Comrade ***.