On January 22, 1949, Fu Zuoyi, a Kuomintang general, said ashamedly after seeing *** in Xibaipo:"I have been fighting horses for half my life, except for the Anti-Japanese War period, I have committed many crimes. I'm guilty! ”
Fu Zuoyi was the commander-in-chief of the "Suppression Chief" in North China personally appointed by Chiang Kai-shek, and he was also a famous anti-Japanese general.
In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, he issued the "Letter to the People of the Province", calling on all parties in the country to unite as one, work together, and work together.
In the Great Wall of Resistance, Fu Zuoyi came to command but was ordered to retire, he said indignantly: "How can you fight the invaders and still be guilty? ”
When the Japanese army invaded Suiyuan, Fu Zuoyi resolutely counterattacked despite Chiang Kai-shek's opposition, and made an oath:"** Mu died a heroic martyr at the age of 38, I am over 38 years old, and I have no complaints about dying for the resistance against Japan. ”
During the War of Liberation, Fu Zuoyi abandoned the darkness and turned to the light at a critical moment to promote the peaceful liberation of Beiping"Thank you, you did a great thing! ”
At the first award ceremony in 1955, Fu Zuoyi's old subordinate Dong Qiwu was awarded the rank of general.
However, Fu Zuoyi is not among the titles, and it stands to reason that Fu Zuoyi should also be a general.
**Representation:"Conferring the rank of general can be regarded as a grievance. ”
On January 5, 1949, the Pingjin Front Command of the People's Liberation Army issued the "Letter to the Kuomintang Generals", shouting to Fu Zuoyi in Beiping City"Beiping, Tianjin, and Tanggu have all been surrounded, your land access has been completely cut off, and even though a few people have fled from the sea and air, the vast majority of you still cannot escape the fate of being annihilated. Now there is only one way, and that is to immediately order the whole army to surrender to our own army, and we will all be lenient. ”
At this time, Siye's troops had already waved their divisions into the pass, and the People's Liberation Army successively recovered Zhangjiakou, Tianjin, Xin'an and other places, completing the ironclad encirclement of Beiping.
As early as October 1948, Fu Zuoyi had already begun to contact the people's army.
But the conditions he proposed, especially the formation of the "North China Union**", were completely unacceptable.
Far away in Xibaipo, he said that the conditions put forward by Fu Zuoyi should be a test of the PLA.
If he negotiates in good faith, he will send a representative directly.
Fu Zuoyi, who was sitting in Beiping, had a very difficult life, on the one hand, his command ability of his subordinate troops was weak; On the other hand, Chiang Kai-shek was slow to send troops to the rescue.
In the city of Beiping, the voices of people from all walks of life calling for "peacefully resolving the Beiping issue" and "preserving the thousand-year-old cultural relics and historic sites of Beiping to avoid the lives of millions of people" rose higher and higher.
And Chiang Kai-shek sent telegrams three times a day, asking Fu Zuoyi to go to Nanjing to discuss, Fu Zuoyi knew Chiang Kai-shek's character, but he was afraid that there would be no return.
Fu Zuoyi had no choice but to send a telegram to ***.
Fu Zuoyi said that he was willing to immediately electrify the whole country to promote peaceful reunification, and he could not keep the army, but the PLA would withdraw one step after another.
Fu Zuoyi hopes for a "transitional phase" during which his troops will not surrender to the PLA.
After reading it, let the underground party tell Fu Zuoyi: The timing of the power supply at this time is not appropriate; If they are willing to surrender, they can be pardoned for their war crimes; Fu Zuoyi can send Cui Zaizhi to negotiate with the underground party again.
**'s opinion is in line with the interests of the broad masses of the people and is also conducive to Fu Zuoyi.
Despite this, Fu Zuoyi still failed to make up his mind to abandon the darkness and turn to the light.
He decided to invite scholars and celebrities from all walks of life to open a symposium and listen to everyone's opinions.
Xu Beihong was the first to speak"Beiping is a world-famous historical and cultural city, and it is also rare in the treasure house of world architectural art. The lives and property of more than 2 million citizens in Peiping are tied to General Fu, and the current situation is that the war will be defeated, and peace will be peaceful. In order to protect our country's excellent ancient culture from destruction, our only bright way out is to hope that General Fu will send people to negotiate openly and honestly, without using swords and guns, and to peacefully resolve the Beiping issue. ”
Professor Yang Ren made an impassioned speech:"The war has caused great disasters to the people, and the war cannot be fought any longer! If Mr. Fu can heed the will of the people and take peaceful action, he will go down in history for centuries. ”
This meeting finally made Fu Zuoyi make up his mind to openly and honestly discuss the future of Beiping with the people's army.
**also represents** gives the basic policy:"As long as Fu can let us peacefully take over Pingjin and allow Fu to organize his troops into an army, he himself can pardon war crimes, keep his private property, live in Beiping or outside at his own discretion, and the lives and property of his subordinates will not be violated. Anything else can no longer be allowed to be given to him, nor can it be called an uprising. ”
However, for three days, Fu Zuoyi did not give any response.
On January 11, there were only 3 days left before the time limit for evacuating Tianjin on the 13th, and Fu Zuoyi was still wandering.
** Prepared for the worst, clearly instructed the PLA negotiators:"It is estimated that the defenders of Tianjin will not leave the city on the 13th according to the time conditions we said, and you should prepare to attack Tianjin on the 14th. ”
**In the statement, it is indicated:"Any reactionary who resists must be resolutely, completely, cleanly, and completely annihilated. ”
Tianjin's city defense was said to be impregnable, but Liu Yalou's 22nd Army broke through it in only 40 minutes, and Tianjin was liberated 29 hours later.
At this moment, Fu Zuoyi was really panicked.
The Battle of Tianjin completely broke Fu Zuoyi's psychological defense, he accepted all the conditions put forward by ***, and signed the "Agreement on the Peaceful Settlement of the Beiping Issue", and led the troops to withdraw from the urban area of Beiping and move to the western suburbs.
Fu Zuoyi was deeply disturbed by his previous indecisive performance, and offered to meet ***
Twenty days later, Fu Zuoyi really received an invitation from *** and asked him to go to Xibaipo to meet.
Fu Zuoyi was very excited, rushed to the Liuguo Hotel overnight, and bought a bag of Hadman cigarettes for ***.
On February 22, 1949, Fu Zuoyi, accompanied by Deng Baoshan, arrived in Shijiazhuang by plane, and then transferred to a jeep and came to Xibaipo Hougou.
stayed in the guest house for one night, and the next morning, Fu Zuoyi finally met *** who had fought side by side
**Words sincerely:"Mr. Fu put the interests of the people first, peacefully resolved the Beiping issue, and avoided a catastrophic war. Otherwise, there will be huge losses for the people. ”
Fu Zuoyi burst into tears after watching the opera "The White-Haired Girl", and kept saying:"Now we are a family, the family does not talk to the two families, if there is any matter, any opinions and ideas, do not have any concerns, you can put it forward for discussion. You can talk to me, you can talk to you, you can talk to other leading comrades. ”
When Fu Zuoyi learned that *** and Mr. Zhu would come to visit everyone, he went to the door early to greet him.
I'm guilty! ”This is Fu Zuoyi's first sentence after seeing ***.
** waved his hand and said with a smile:"Thank you, you have done a great thing by bringing about the peaceful liberation!”
In the living room, ** talked and laughed, and fully affirmed Fu Zuoyi's feats:"General Fu, you have merit in the peaceful liberation of Beiping!The people will not forget you. Your merits lie in three points: first, there was no war in the peaceful liberation of Beiping, and the cultural relics and monuments in Beiping City have been completely preserved; Second, the lives and property of the people have been completely preserved; Third, the armies of both sides have been preserved, as have the 800 rounds of artillery shells on both sides. Today, your General Fu's ass has sat on the side of the people, we welcome you, and the people welcome you. ”
In order to promote the peaceful uprising in Suiyuan, and in order to dispel Fu Zuoyi's concerns, ** and *** decided that Fu Zuoyi would lead the team and be fully responsible for the Suiyuan negotiations.
Suiyuan was Fu Zuoyi's former base, and the generals there were all his subordinates.
* Being able to send Fu Zuoyi to Suiyuan can in itself show the trust in him.
Fu Zuoyi also reciprocated the favor and directly contributed to the Suiyuan Uprising.
Fu Zuoyi proposed that he also wanted to make more contributions with his limited life, and he proposed to ***:"Can I still work? It's best to let me go back to the Yellow River Loop and do some water conservancy work. ”
Fu Zuoyi is a well-known "general of water control", and during the reign of Suiyuan, he proposed:"Water conservancy can directly do things for the people" and advocate "great water conservancy and agricultural reclamation".It also opened a water conservancy headquarters, hoping to turn the barren desert north into a plugged south of the Yangtze River.
**Said with relief:"Are you interested in working in water conservancy? The water conservancy work surface of the Yellow River is too small, you can be the Minister of Water Resources in the future! ”
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Fu Zuoyi was appointed as the first Minister of Water Resources, and also served as the chairman of the Suiyuan Military and Political Committee and the commander of the Suiyuan Provincial Military Region.
After the abolition of the Suiyuan Military Region, Fu Zuoyi became vice chairman of the National Defense Commission and minister of water resources, and the Ministry of Water Resources was merged into the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power, and Fu Zuoyi was also the minister of water resources.
At the first award ceremony in 1955, Fu Zuoyi's subordinate Dong Qiwu was awarded the rank of general.
It stands to reason that Fu Zuoyi should also be awarded a general.
But Fu Zuoyi has stepped down from the army and is in charge of water conservancy, and it is not appropriate to confer the title again, and he has no military rank.
What's more, Fu Zuoyi himself is a second-level general of the National Revolutionary Army, so it is not appropriate to award any military rank.
Second-level general "This is an affirmation of Fu Zuoyi's contribution to the anti-Japanese resistance, and later Fu Zuoyi promoted the peaceful liberation of Beiping, therefore, ** will say:"I gave Fu Zuoyi the rank of general, and wronged him. ”
Moreover, the fact that the title is not awarded does not mean that it is not valued.
Fu Zuoyi had a heart attack after attending the groundbreaking ceremony of Sanmenxia, arranged a special plane to take him back to Beijing, and invited the best cardiologist Huang Wan to be him**, Fu Zuoyi picked up his life.
In 1973, Fu Zuoyi suffered from stomach cancer again, ** was anxious, and said to the attending doctor:"We must do our best to save him, at least to keep him alive for another year. ”
But Fu Zuoyi was already terminally ill, even if Hua Tuo was alive, he was unable to return to heaven, and on April 19, Fu Zuoyi's heart stopped beating forever and died peacefully.