Looking back on 2023 and looking forward to 2024!How should meteorologists take this road?Communicat

Mondo Social Updated on 2024-02-01

Editor's note

On January 10, the 2024 National Meteorological Work Conference was held in Beijing. The National Meteorological Center, the National Meteorological Information Center, the Meteorological Bureaus of Henan, Guangdong, Chongqing, Ningxia and other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), and the Qingdao Meteorological Bureau of Shandong Province and other units made exchange speeches. Looking back on 2023 and looking forward to 2024, what do these meteorologists have to say to you?

National Meteorological Center

Accelerate the innovative application of artificial intelligence meteorology

In 2023, the China Meteorological Administration will accelerate the deployment of artificial intelligence meteorological applications, seize the development opportunities of artificial intelligence, and the National Meteorological Center will take the initiative to seek changes and adaptations, and take the lead in building a new engine for accurate forecasting.

The application of artificial intelligence technology has significantly improved the ability of accurate forecasting. Since 2017, the National Meteorological Center has focused on weather monitoring, forecasting and early warning, product production and other business links, and has successively developed more than 50 artificial intelligence meteorological application models in 4 categories, significantly improving the level of accurate forecasting and business efficiency.

The overall architecture of artificial intelligence meteorological innovation application Photo courtesy of the National Meteorological Center.

AI technologies such as short-term forecasting model (NOWCASTNET) and severe weather classification forecasting model are integrated into the short-term forecasting business system of China Meteorological Administration (SWAN 3.).0), preliminarily establish a strong convection AI product system with a large model as the "core", and realize the objective and real-time guidance of strong convection early warning signals down to towns and towns for the first timeArtificial intelligence technology is used to develop minute-level forecasts of key elements, and 1 km resolution meteorological element grid forecasts are realized for key areas such as large citiesThe artificial intelligence target detection technology based on satellite cloud images has helped the global tropical cyclone monitoring and identification accuracy to reach more than 80%. The multi-link application of AI technology has become an important booster, and the forecast accuracy rate will reach a new high in 2023, and the 24-hour heavy rainstorm forecast score will increase by 98% compared with the mainstream model, reaching a record highThe 24-hour track forecast error of the typhoon was 62 km, which was the best in historyThe forecast accuracy of thunderstorms and short-term heavy precipitation has increased by 8% and 13% respectively compared with the past three years.

The center proposes the systematic construction of the "1+N" artificial intelligence meteorological forecasting model, which injects new momentum into strengthening and promoting the modernization of meteorological science and technology capabilities. Take the lead in building an independent and controllable artificial intelligence weather forecasting basic model, and develop N professional adaptation models for heavy rain, severe convection, typhoon and other disastrous weather forecasting. Jointly with Tsinghua University, we have developed a short- and medium-term large-scale model for forecasting that integrates the constraints of atmospheric physical mechanisms, and the forecast effect has been stable beyond that of Pangu. An autonomous meteorological model trained based on the reanalysis data of China's Global Atmospheric Reanalysis 40-Year Product (CRA40) was preliminarily constructed. Completed the deployment of 5 mainstream large model services, and established a feedback mechanism for large model R&D and application.

Design a next-generation integrated weather business platform. In view of the lack of intensification, intelligence, collaboration and standardization of the business platform, a new generation of weather business integration platform with "smart brain" as the core is designed, and through the United Nations leading enterprises and some provincial meteorological bureaus, the meteorological agent with planning, memory, tools and execution is designed to improve the application ability of the domestic language model in the vertical field of meteorological business, and then promote the leapfrog development of the business platform from intelligent automatic processing, intelligent forecast assistant to digital forecaster.

Layout of the integrated weather business platform Photo courtesy of the National Meteorological Center.

The development of meteorological artificial intelligence construction is inseparable from the talent team with interdisciplinary background, the National Meteorological Center has joined forces inside and outside the department to build an innovation platform, and the large-scale model agile research team composed of experts from meteorological departments around the country has been formally established, and a series of achievements have been achieved. In-depth cooperation with Tsinghua University to solve the key problem of combining physical mechanism constraints in meteorological large models; Establish a long-term strategic partnership with Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory to solve the difficulties in the construction of large models; Cooperate with domestic AI leading enterprises to carry out the application adaptation of large language models in meteorological professional scenarios; Jointly established the Institute of Weather and Meteorological Technology with Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology to accelerate the cultivation of relevant talents and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

National Meteorological Information Center

Enhance the ability of meteorological big data services

Meteorological information work is the "blood" and "center" of meteorological undertakings, and whether the "blood" and "nerves" are smooth or not will directly affect the effect of meteorological work in serving the country and the people. In 2023, the National Meteorological Information Center (hereinafter referred to as the "Information Center") will work closely around "one concept, three capabilities, and five services" and achieve remarkable results.

Since 2023, the information center has carried out theme education, carried out in-depth research, further clarified the service positioning of providing "good data", supporting "good use of data" and ensuring "information security", and regarded user dissatisfaction as the primary criterion for testing the quality of the work of the information center, and promoted all cadres and employees of the center to deeply understand the great significance of doing a good job in meteorological information.

The information center focuses on the main responsibilities and main businesses, and enhances the three basic capabilities of data, platform and security.

Strengthen the collection of cross-departmental data resources, establish the "Earth System Big Data Resource Category Specification", add 49 new industry data, and collect 20 social occultation data such as "Yunyao" and "Tianmu" in real timePromote the research and development of high-value data products, develop 42 live products according to business development needs, and increase the independent support rate of core business from 59% at the beginning of the year to 831%;Support the research and development of basic data for artificial intelligence meteorological applications, and compile and form five basic datasets for artificial intelligence applications of severe convective weather.

On December 27, 2023, a new generation of meteorological supercomputing system was officially completed, bringing 52 pflops (5200 million floating point operations), and the total computing power of meteorological supercomputing reached 60pflops, an increase of 65 times. The picture shows the interior view of the national (Helinger) superoperator subsystem Courtesy of the National Meteorological Information Center's "Tianqing" support capacity continues to improve, with 169 new or upgraded function points;Completed the construction of a new generation of meteorological supercomputing system.

The state-level office terminal network access is fully controlled, a security operation platform for national and provincial linkage has been built, and the construction of "meteorological data shield" has been carried out.

In line with the needs of meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation and economic and social development, we will improve our service capabilities in five aspects.

Provide consultation data services for ** meteorological observatory, providing more than 300 kinds of service products;Independent research and development of global surface warming curves since 1850, applied to the "Blue Book of Climate Change in China (2023)".Promote the cloud-based transformation of 15 systems, and establish a new business process of "cloud + terminal" Beidou soundingProvide data and computing power support for artificial intelligence meteorological large models.

Provide provincial users with a multi-source fusion real-time analysis tool with a resolution of 1 km and 10 minutes to support the production of localized live products. Provide customized special services for users in provinces, cities and counties, with an annual visit of more than 200 million people. In the meteorological service of the heavy precipitation process in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region on 23.7, the real-time analysis product was used for the first time to generate the estimated precipitation data of the stations that were interrupted due to the impact, which ensured the continuity of the precipitation observation data.

In the meteorological service of the heavy precipitation process in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region on 23.7, the National Meteorological Information Center used the interpolation of real-time analysis products to generate the estimated precipitation data of the affected and interrupted stations, which ensured the continuity of the precipitation observation data. The picture shows that the technical team is designing the service process of emergency support data access to the meteorological big data cloud platform overnight Photo courtesy of the National Meteorological Information Center to provide shared services for users and provide data services for ministries and industries such as water conservancy and natural resources.

Provide authoritative and open services to the public. In 2023, the China Meteorological Data Network will release two batches of open and shared catalog data, with an annual visit of 11200 million person-times; We will continue to promote the open service of meteorological data in the society, and the meteorological science data center is among the best in the comprehensive service ranking of the national scientific data center.

China has actively participated in the pilot test of the WMO information system, and China has become the country with the largest number of functions covered in the pilot phase. The satellite broadcasting system of China Meteorological Administration provides meteorological data broadcasting services for more than 20 international users. The Global Information System (GIS) hub in Beijing disseminates global and bilateral data exchange in real time to 17 countries, regions and organizations. Training was provided to 216 trainees from 30 countries and regions along the Belt and Road.

Guangdong

Innovate the professional meteorological service mechanismEmpower economic and social development

In 2023, the Guangdong Meteorological Bureau will firmly grasp the main direction of the modernization of meteorological science and technology capabilities and the modernization of social services, accelerate the exploration and innovation in the field of professional meteorological services, and effectively empower high-quality economic and social development. In recent years, the Guangdong Meteorological Bureau has continuously improved and improved the supporting laws and policies for the management of the meteorological industry and social services, promulgated 5 provincial and 14 municipal local regulations and rules, formulated and issued 7 national standards, 22 industry standards, 19 local standards and 11 group standards.

From March 1, 2023, the Regulations on the Protection, Development and Utilization of Climate Resources in Guangdong Province will be implemented to regulate the protection, development and utilization of climate resources in the province, and at the same time explore the formulation of the Classification Catalogue of Climate Feasibility Demonstration of Provincial Key Construction Projects to promote the implementation of the climate feasibility demonstration and assessment system. At present, the catalogue of local climate feasibility demonstration projects issued by five municipal bureaus has been selected as "Good Experience and Good Practice of Reform and Innovation of National Meteorological Departments". The R&D and application of core technology is a key link in professional meteorological services, and the provincial bureau strengthens the R&D and application of core technology, and strives to improve the scientific and technological content of service products. Do a good job in the functional design of professional service business, and create new professional meteorological service processes such as unified demand reporting, intelligent product processing, algorithm capability management and ecological capability reuseAccelerate digital transformation and upgrading, jointly promote the integration and application of artificial intelligence, big data and other information technologies across departments, and promote the research and development of impact forecasting and risk early warning productsFocus on key industries, build a meteorological safety service platform for construction sites, build a provincial-level highway severe weather traffic warning and disposal platform, and establish a map information platform for port and offshore wind power meteorological services.

On February 10, 2023, the Guangdong Meteorological Bureau and the Traffic Management Bureau of the Provincial Public Security Department discussed the optimization and improvement of meteorological support work and the deepening application of severe weather highway emergency response scenarios on high-impact road sections in severe weather Photo courtesy of Guangdong Meteorological Bureau The implementation of the "one method, two systems and three lists" mechanism has taken shape, and the service chain of front-end market development at the municipal level and back-end technical support of directly affiliated units has taken shapeDeepen the cooperation capacity of provinces and cities, and the provincial bureau will coordinate the establishment of a special work teamCarry out the special action of scenario-based meteorological services for the ten leading enterprises, and give full play to the role of meteorological services in disaster avoidance, loss reduction, and empowerment of central and provincial state-owned enterprises. Actively integrate into the number one project of the provincial party committee - the high-quality development project of 100 counties, thousands of towns and villages, and create a provincial characteristic meteorological service centerCreate 10 industry demonstration application scenarios with transportation, tourism, housing and other departments;Cooperate with China Southern Power Grid and Three Gorges Electric Power to promote meteorological services for offshore wind power projects, and cooperate with agricultural and rural departments to build marine ranchesServe and guarantee the major national strategy, and actively cultivate new growth points for meteorological development.

The Guangdong Provincial Meteorological Bureau and the Guangdong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs jointly awarded the plaque to the Guangdong Provincial Characteristic Agricultural Meteorological Service Center Photo courtesy of Guangdong Meteorological Bureau In 2024, the Guangdong Provincial Meteorological Bureau will continue to improve the professional meteorological service system, accelerate the modernization of meteorological scientific and technological capabilities and social services, strive to build a pilot demonstration province for high-quality meteorological development, and make greater contributions to Guangdong's leading role in Chinese-style modernization.

Henan

Explore high-standard farmlandA new model of meteorological support

Under global warming, agrometeorological disasters are intensifying, and food production is facing risks and challenges. The meteorological department of Henan Province is deeply integrated into the overall situation of high-standard farmland construction in the province, coordinates and promotes the supervision of the meteorological industry and the empowerment of science and technology, and solidly carries out the work of high-standard farmland meteorological support, which plays a significant role in agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation.

Plan first, plan and then act. In September 2022, the "Henan Provincial High-standard Farmland Construction Plan (2021-2030)" will be meteorology and field, soil, water, road, forest, electricity, technology, and management side by side, as the goal of high-standard farmland construction 9 aspects of overall promotion, the provincial ** General Office then issued a high-standard farmland demonstration area construction implementation plan, requiring meteorology, agriculture and rural areas, ** and other departments to promote the construction of high-standard farmland demonstration area. At the same time, the meteorological department of Henan Province has paid close attention to the construction of major projects such as the core area of the "Central Plains Agricultural Valley", so that meteorological guarantee has become an important support for "smart digital farmland", and has made concerted efforts to build a demonstration model.

In Xiping County, Zhumadian City, Henan Province, meteorological support is fully integrated into the construction of high-standard farmland demonstration areas, making farmland a fertile soil full of "wisdom" Photo: Yu Qijuan.

Only high standards can have high quality. The Henan Provincial Meteorological Bureau and the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs have solved a series of problems in terms of agricultural meteorological monitoring, meteorological information management, agricultural meteorological forecasting and early warning, meteorological information dissemination and release, weather modification operations and meteorological science popularization.

Although extreme weather is frequent in 2023, Henan's grain production has achieved another bumper harvest, firmly guarding the bottom line of food security. Henan Provincial Meteorological Bureau relies on the achievements of high-standard farmland meteorological guarantee construction, provides refined weather forecasts in different regions and time periods, and provides a strong scientific basis for Longkou to seize grain, and was awarded the first prize of "2023 Henan Province Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery Harvest Award".

In the six-element automatic meteorological observation station of 300,000 mu of high-standard farmland demonstration in Jun County, Hebi City, Henan Province, it can monitor farmland moisture, temperature and humidity, wind direction and wind speed, photosynthetically active radiation and other meteorological conditions in real time Photo: Zhou Aichun In recent years, the Henan Provincial Meteorological Bureau has focused on promoting the collaborative optimization of agricultural meteorological data elements, improving quality and efficiency in the construction of high-standard farmland meteorological support projects, and has joined forces with multiple departments to strengthen the overall planning and resource sharing of observation facilities, and promoted the collection of 28 types of agricultural meteorological data and 7.8 million pieces of data. In the "Tianqing" meteorological big data cloud platform, a high-standard farmland meteorological database is builtResearch and development of high-standard farmland smart weather service application scenarios that are accurate to the plot by crop, disaster species, and user, and integrate them into a variety of apps.

In the next step, Henan will take the modernization of meteorological science and technology capabilities and the modernization of social services as the starting point to build a high-level intelligent agricultural meteorological collaborative innovation platform and contribute meteorological strength to ensure national food security.

Chongqing

Give a new era connotation to the high-quality development of meteorology

In recent years, the Chongqing Meteorological Bureau has been brave in exploring and actively promoting the modernization of meteorological science and technology capabilities and the modernization of social services, and has achieved remarkable results in the construction of Chongqing in the new era and new journey of meteorological services.

On November 30, 2023, the China Meteorological Administration and Chongqing Municipality signed a new round of cooperation memorandum to jointly implement the "Nine Major Projects", giving a new era connotation to the high-quality development of Chongqing meteorology.

In the Western (Chongqing) Science City, a large number of innovative subjects have taken root and grown rapidly. Among them, as one of the key projects at the municipal level, the Meteorological Science and Technology Innovation Center is laid out in accordance with the "one hospital, two devices, three experiments and four innovation platforms", which has become the most vivid portrayal of the improvement of Chongqing's meteorological modernization capacity.

At present, the four digital meteorological business systems of precise monitoring, accurate forecasting, fine service, and the first line of defense for meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation have been included in the "Digital Chongqing" government digital application project, becoming one of the examples of cities leading the new era of digital civilization.

In the Shapingba area, the "Zhitian Shapingba District Flood Control Decision-making and Command System", which can intelligently realize from monitoring to personnel transfer and evacuation, and disaster reporting, has performed well in the 2023 flood season, with a high risk of rising water in the Chongqing section of the Jialing River 6 days in advance, and accurate time and flow of the flood peak crossing the Ciqikou section of the Jialing River 1 day in advance, which has been listed as a pilot demonstration of the construction of "Digital Chongqing" by the Reform Office of the Chongqing Municipal Party Committee.

Zhitian Shapingba District Flood Control Decision-making and Command System Photo courtesy of Shapingba District Meteorological Bureau.

On both sides of the Yangtze River, 50 newly built meteorological monitoring stations at the hidden danger points of dangerous rock geological disasters guard the Three GorgesThe progressive forecasting and early warning business system and the disaster early warning "call-and-respond" mechanism that directly reaches the grassroots emergency response personnel have effectively played the role of joint prevention with meteorological early warning and various departments must respond when meteorological disasters comeThe early warning information reaches the leader in 1 minute, the emergency responsible person in 3 to 5 minutes, and the high efficiency of reaching the public in 5 to 10 minutes, providing the "Chongqing experience" for the early warning of the whole people.

With the in-depth implementation of national strategies such as the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle and the construction of the new land-sea corridor in the western region, in recent years, the Sichuan-Chongqing meteorological observation station network planning, station data and intelligent grid forecasting products have been fully connectedIn view of Chongqing's major overseas passages such as the Western Land-Sea New Corridor and the "Belt and Road", the Chongqing Meteorological Bureau, together with seven municipal-level departments, has jointly done a good job in weather forecasting and early warning services along the corridor and meteorological support for railway, public, water and air multimodal logistics and transportation.

Fengjie Pass Bellows Dangerous Rock Meteorological Observatory Photo courtesy of Fengjie County Meteorological Bureau At the same time, the Chongqing Meteorological Department continues to strengthen the meteorological service guarantee of large cities such as energy supply, traffic smoothness, urban operation, and tourismContinue to implement the "Blue Sky Action" in conjunction with the Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment;Successfully established 15 "China's natural oxygen bars" and "national climate livable cities (counties)"...On the road of high-quality meteorological development, Chongqing Meteorology is making all-round efforts to accelerate towards the goal.

Ningxia

Efforts should be made to open up a new path for international cooperation in meteorology

The 6th China-Arab States Expo (hereinafter referred to as the "China-Arab States Expo") Meteorological High-quality Development Cooperation Forum and Smart Meteorological Exhibition were successfully held in Yinchuan, Ningxia in September 2023, and the forum drew a new picture of China-Arab international meteorological cooperation. The Party Committee of the Autonomous Region and the People's Republic of China announced the "Meteorology" as one of the highlights at the results conference of the China-Arab States Expo.

The scene of the 6th China-Arab States Expo Meteorological High-quality Development Cooperation Forum Photo: Luo Xuan 2023 is the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative and the 10th anniversary of the China-Arab States Expo. In August 2023, the China Meteorological Administration and the people of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region** listed deepening China-Arab meteorological cooperation as an important task in the new round of provincial and ministerial cooperation. The Party Group of the Meteorological Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has improved its political position and actively promoted the establishment of an independent meteorological section of the China-Arab States Expo.

The Meteorological High-Quality Development Cooperation Forum is one of the eight major sub-activities of the 6th China-Arab States Expo, and it is also the first meteorological cooperation forum set up by the China-Arab States Expo. During the forum, decision-makers, experts, scholars and entrepreneurs from China, the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, Jordan, Mauritania, Djibouti, Comoros, Saudi Arabia and other Arab countries, the World Meteorological Organization, relevant universities, enterprises and scientific research institutions gathered together to carry out full exchanges on the high-quality development of meteorology, and to make a top-level design for China-Arab meteorological cooperation and seek long-term development. The Smart Meteorology Exhibition has set up four exhibition items: China Fengyun Meteorological Satellite and Its Applications, World Meteorological Center (Beijing), Smart Meteorological Equipment, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation and Climate Change Response. A number of *** countries have reported on the Meteorological High-quality Development Cooperation Forum and the Smart Meteorological Exhibition.

During the forum, the China Meteorological Administration and the UAE National Meteorological Administration held bilateral talks and decided to deepen practical cooperation in the fields of weather modification, meteorological satellite remote sensing monitoring and application, artificial intelligence, information and communication, observation instruments and equipment, education and training. China Huayun Meteorological Science and Technology Group has signed cooperation agreements with national meteorological departments such as Mauritania and Comoros to provide equipment and technical support for its early warning and meteorological science and technology capacity building. Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Meteorological Bureau developed the "Silk Road Sky Eye" ecological meteorology and disaster prevention and mitigation application platform based on high-quality data of China Fengyun Meteorological Satellite and related advanced technology1Version 0 made its debut during the China-Arab States Expo.

Group photo of the participants of the 6th China-Arab States Expo Meteorological High-quality Development Cooperation Forum Photo: Magnum.

In the future, the Meteorological Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region will further play the role of the platform of the China-Arab States Expo, strengthen open cooperation, actively plan international cooperation projects in meteorology, improve the multilingual version of "Silk Road, Sky Eye", continue to promote the application of China's advanced meteorological technology, equipment, systems and standards, and promote China-Arab meteorological cooperation in a pragmatic and long-term manner.

Qingdao

Strengthening".active interaction linkage".Integrate into the construction of a modern marine city

In 2023, the Qingdao Meteorological Bureau will take the leading role and the joint departments as the starting point, based on the overall goal of serving Qingdao to build a "leading modern marine city", strengthen active interaction and linkage, and promote the high-quality development of meteorology to be deeply integrated into the construction of a modern marine city.

Up to now, all districts and cities in Qingdao have issued opinions on implementing the city's "Notice on Accelerating the High-quality Development of Meteorology in the City", and Qingdao West Coast New Area has become a pilot city and county-level pilot for high-quality meteorological development in China. With the promotion of all parties, the construction of the "Qingdao Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Meteorological Monitoring, Forecasting and Early Warning Capability Improvement Project" has been established, the construction of Qingdao Institute of Marine Meteorology has made breakthroughs, and the "Qingdao Meteorological Disaster Early Warning Signal Release and Dissemination Management Measures" and "Qingdao Meteorological Disaster Prevention Regulations" have been included in the local legislative research and revision plan.

Qingdao Municipal Prevention and Control Department issued documents related to the prevention of disastrous weather, established a departmental linkage response mechanism guided by meteorological disaster early warning, and effectively integrated meteorological disaster prevention services into urban emergency management and dispatch. Qingdao Meteorological Bureau, Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Qingdao Municipal Marine Development Bureau jointly issued a document to further promote the quality and efficiency of meteorological services for agriculture; Signed the Framework Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Ecology and Environment, Climate Change and Population Health with the departments of ecology and environment, health and other departments to strengthen environmental, meteorological and health services and promote social service capacity building; Establish a joint service mechanism with the heating department, strengthen energy supply and energy conservation and emission reduction guarantees, and further improve the linkage mechanism of meteorological support for local economic and social development.

Qingdao Municipal Transportation Bureau and Qingdao Municipal Meteorological Bureau carry out joint inspection of typhoon and flood prevention and safety production in the port field in summer Photo: Lin Zelei.

Qingdao Meteorological Bureau strengthened the "hard power" of meteorological science and technology, participated in the national key research and development program "development and demonstration application of marine multi-band cloud and fog observation equipment", and improved marine observation and vertical detection capabilities; Carry out marine zonal forecasting and early warning by integrating intelligent grid forecasting, offshore gale warning and sea fog identification technology; The digital services were connected to the "City Cloud Brain" and was awarded the "2023 Qingdao New Smart City Typical Case". At the same time, relying on the platform of the Institute of Marine Meteorology, we will increase investment in science and technology, set up a team to jointly carry out research on national key research and development projects, and optimize the integrated allocation of scientific and technological innovation resources.

It is reported that the high-quality development of meteorology has achieved significant benefits. Qingdao Meteorological Bureau has opened up a "green channel" for maritime search and rescue and emergency response meteorological information release;Provide customized route forecasts on demand to ensure the resumption of the first batch of international cruise ships;A total of 413 hours of navigation window for the port;Jointly carry out meteorological forecasting and early warning in 6 departments at sea to increase the effective operation time of fisheriesFor key chemical parks, oil depots, and coastal tourist attractions, a total of refined lightning warnings have been sent 1More than 80,000 pieces;More than 20 major activities have been successfully guaranteed.

Author:Zhao Xiaolin, Zhang Xiaoling, Liu Zhao, Ye Meng, Zhou Aichun, Chen Zheng, Guo Ruoshui, Pu Xi, Luo Xuan, Lin ZeleiEdit:Tang Miao, Luan Fei, Ding JiwuRelease:Jiang HongAudit:Duan Haoshu.

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