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As we all know, the "Book of Changes" is a traditional classic of the pre-Qin period in China, known as the "first of the Five Classics", and its content includes two parts: the "Sutra" and the "Biography". It has become a must-read classic for all readers who are interested in our traditional culture and have studied it in depth. Here are the following topics:
Why should those who study the "Zhou Yi" pay attention to the knowledge and understanding of the "Yi Chuan"?
oneFour reasons
After the Chinese pre-Qin classics arrived in the Han Dynasty, there was a distinction between "classics" and "transmissions", and "classics" meant classics; "Messenger" is the meaning of paraphrasing. Just as the "Treatise on Balance" says, "the sage makes the scriptures, and the sages pass on the scriptures", so the "scriptures" and "transmissions" exist relative to each other, the "scriptures" are the main stems, and the "transmissions" are the branches and leaves. Therefore, for modern students of the Book of Changes, they should attach importance to the knowledge and understanding of the Book of Changes, mainly based on the following four reasons:
First, from the perspective of the times, "biography" is the commentary and explanation that is closest to the original face of the Book of Changes; Second, if you want to truly understand the hexagrams of "Zhou Yi", a better way is to understand the "scriptures" with "transmission"; Third, Yi Chuan contains a very important dialectical philosophical outlook of the ancient Chinese and the content of simple natural science. Fourth, Yi Chuan has high literary value.
II. II. IIOverview of the Dictionaries
In order to verify the above concept, let's take the main body of Yi Chuan, "Dictionaries", as an example. As mentioned above, if you want to learn the Book of Changes, you should pay attention to the knowledge and understanding of the Book of Changes, and the Dictionaries are the main body of the Book of Changes. Let's take a look at what is the main content of the "Dictionaries"?
In the Yixue system, there are two meanings of "system words", one refers to the meaning of the system, that is, the so-called "the words belong to the hexagram under the hexagram", which connects the hexagram words under the hexagram painting and the hexagram painting, which is used to explain the meaning of each hexagram and each hexagram; The second refers to the "Dictionaries" listed in the "Ten Wings" in two parts, which is the main representative work of the thought of the "Book of Changes", which is used to explain the basic meaning, principle, function, and origin of the "Book of Changes".
The content of the "Dictionaries" starts from the "Tao of one yin and one yang", and clarifies that yin and yang, movement and static, rigidity and softness in nature are the "mutual friction" and "mutual swing" of two opposing forces, and the process of this opposition and opposition reflects the universal law of the development of things. At the same time, the "Dictionaries" also put forward the dialectical concept of "poverty leads to change, change leads to change, and general is long".
In the process of acknowledging that everything is changing, he also emphasized that there is no change in the midst of change, and that no change is the premise of change. The Book of Changes believes that both change and immutability are inevitable, but change is universal in the Book of Changes, while immutability exists only as a relative factor. Nature and society are always in an alternating state of immutability and change.
ThreeThe intention of the author of "Zhou Yi".
Zhou Yi can highlight the past and perceive the future, show the subtle things and clarify the hidden things, and the author interprets the meaning of the hexagram, then all the truths of the world are available. Although the names of the objects mentioned in the hexagrams are small, the types of things they symbolize are very large. Its meaning is far-reaching, its rhetoric is literary, although its language is euphemistic and tortuous but to the point, its words are unbridled and straightforward, and the righteousness and truth of the argument are profound. Use the truth contained in the auspicious omen to help the people's actions, and reveal the fulfillment of the gains and losses of good fortune and evil.
Although the names of the sixty-four hexagrams listed in the Zhou Yi have a certain complexity, they are not confused with each other. Perhaps this is because its author was in a precarious state at the time? Therefore, hexagrams are used to express the types of things that are distressed and vigilant. For example, the hexagram is a symbol of masculine things; Kun hexagram is a symbol of feminine things. The two natures of yin and yang are combined, and rigidity and softness have their own physical properties. Relying on the number of yin and yang virtues and the great yan, you can pass through the virtues of the gods who create all things.
The "Dictionaries" uses the formation of the two natures of yin and yang to analyze the auspicious and evil meanings contained in hexagrams. The words "name is small and the class is big", "the purpose is far away", and "the words and songs are in the middle" not only summarize the linguistic characteristics of "Zhou Yi", but also establish the theory of literary creation of "literary quality and courtesy" for later generations.
FourClarify the political function and educational role of Zhou Yi
The seventh chapter of the "Dictionaries" mainly expounds the political function and educational role of the "Zhou Yi" from the meaning of the nine hexagrams of "Performance", "Humility", "Fu", "Heng", "Loss", "Benefit", "Sleepiness", "Well" and "Xun", so as to illustrate the profound truth that "adversity can rejuvenate the country, and Yiyu can die".
In the final analysis, the author of Yi mainly used the meaning of the hexagram and the meaning contained in the hexagram name to persuade people to cultivate their morality prudently. Because, the best way to avoid evil is not mainly to predict the future, but to "enter the moral cultivation" and sharpen one's heart and will in the midst of hardships and hardships.
In this sense, Mencius's "suffering his mind, straining his muscles and bones, starving his body and skin, emptying his body, and acting chaotically" and "I am good at cultivating my righteous qi" are the essence and ultimate goal of the "Yi" principle. Therefore, what really saves us from calamity is not fortune-telling and divination, but relying on our own "virtue" and "cultivation".
The following is a brief description of the focus of the above nine trigrams on "entering morality and cultivating education", so that interested readers can interpret it in detail according to their own needs. The hexagram is the foundation for establishing morality, which teaches people to be peaceful and able to perform their rituals; Inspire people to be at peace in their words and actions. The hexagram "Humility" is the authority to practice morality, which teaches people to be humble in order to be respected and brighten their virtues; Inspire people to discipline themselves with etiquette.
The hexagram is the foundation of following morality, which teaches people to return to virtue and analyze the good and evil of things from small signs; Inspire people to know what they gain and lose. The hexagram "Heng" is the premise of consolidating morality, which teaches people to adhere to virtue and not get tired of it in an environment where evil and good are mixed; Inspire people to be consistent in their virtues.
The hexagram is a method of cultivating morality, which teaches people to first take self-cultivation as a difficult thing in order to achieve the easy state of benefit; Enlighten people to detract from their evil thoughts in order to avoid evil. The hexagram "Benefit" is a way to enrich morality, which teaches people to enrich their virtues for a long time without making their "benefit" name; Enlighten people to increase their virtues and good deeds in order to promote their interests.
The hexagram is a standard for distinguishing morality, which teaches people to be upright when they are poor in order to be prosperous; Inspire people to reduce their grievances when they are poor. The hexagram "Well" is a place where morality is gathered, and it teaches people to live in their place and benefit from the extinction of nourishment; Enlighten people to discern what true righteousness is. The Xun hexagram is a code of morality, teaching people to praise the command instead of showing themselves; Inspire people to exercise power in a timely and orderly manner.
In short, those who study the "Zhou Yi" should pay attention to the understanding of the "Yi Chuan". Through the study of Yi Chuan, we can better understand the connotation, cultural background, philosophical ideas and practical value of Zhou Yi. Therefore, we should carefully study the "Yi Chuan", go deep into the ideas and meanings of it, and lay a solid foundation for better use and understanding of the treasure of Chinese culture "Zhou Yi".
This article was originally written by "Lao Wu Kan Guoxue Today", welcome to pay attention, learn together, and make progress together!