Today, our country's economic development is booming day by day, and it has become the world's second largest economy, and on the road to realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we also have another wish that the two sides of the strait will realize reunification at an early date.
Do you know? As a matter of fact, as early as 1965, our country had the opportunity to realize cross-strait reunification.
At that time, he got in touch with Chiang Kai-shek, and the two sides had a frank communication and persuaded Chiang to return to the mainland.
In this regard, Lao Jiang put forward six conditions, but he didn't expect all of them to agree, but unfortunately he didn't make the trip in the end.
What's going on here? What exactly did Chiang Kai-shek ask, and why did *** agree? In the end, what caused the regretful result?
1. Lao Chiang's six conditions.
In 1965, ** and Chiang Kai-shek were connected and communicated through the intermediary Cao Juren. ** Tuo Cao brought a message to Lao Chiang that for the sake of the overall situation of the reunification of the motherland, he was willing to cooperate with the Kuomintang for the third time.
After Cao Juren brought the words, although Lao Jiang was moved, he still had concerns.
When he saw Li Zongren returning to the mainland from the United States, he was ceremoniously received by the leaders of the Communist Party of China such as ***, and since then he has been living in his hometown for a long time. At this time, Lao Chiang put aside his worries and seriously thought about the cooperation between the two parties. He put forward six conditions.
First, in the name of the chairman of the Kuomintang, he returned to the mainland with his own leading body.
** agreed, indicating that Lao Jiang and his team could set up camp and work in any province, except Zhejiang Province. **The suggestion is to give Jiangxi Lushan to Lao Jiang and others as an office and living area.
Why can't Zhejiang? Lao Jiang's base camp was Zhejiang, where there were still Lao Jiang's various connections and relationships, and he was not allowed to return to Zhejiang in order to avoid extraneous branches.
Second, Chiang Ching-kuo, the son of the old Chiang Kai-shek, became the governor of Taiwan.
Considering the maintenance of the status quo of life in Taiwan, ** has no opinion on Chiang Ching-kuo's administration of Taiwan, as long as he surrenders diplomatic and military powers, Chiang Ching-kuo can be solely responsible for other internal affairs.
Third, Lao Chiang could not accept any foreign aid, both economic and military, but the economic difficulties needed to be solved by Beijing, and the standard could not be lower than that of the United States.
** Readily agreeing to this, this is tantamount to drawing a clear line between the two sides of the strait and the United States.
Fourth, Taiwan's armed forces are under the unified leadership of the Chinese communists, but Taiwan's armed forces are at least partially retained.
** Agreed in principle, but proposed to downsize Taiwan's armed forces and divide them into 4 divisions, 3 stationed in Taiwan and 1 stationed in Kinmen.
Fifth, Xiamen and Kinmen will be merged as a buffer zone between the two sides of the strait. ** also agreed, and proposed that the commander of the garrison division should be the commander of the garrison.
Sixth, it is necessary to ensure that the salaries and benefits of Taiwan's public officials remain unchanged and that the living standards of the common people cannot be lowered. Eventually nodded as well.
So far, the two sides have basically reached a consensus on important aspects, and they see that the victory of the third cooperation between the KMT and the CPC is in sight.
Why, then, were the two sides able to negotiate calmly? Why is Lao Jiang no longer hostile to the mainland? This starts with the contradiction between Lao Chiang and the United States.
2. Adhere to the "one China" principle
Long before Chiang retreated to Taiwan, the United States had the idea of taking Taiwan out. After Chiang retreated to Taiwan, the US conspiracy gradually became a conspiracy, and after Chiang Lao saw through it, he not only resolutely opposed it, but also resisted it.
To sum up, there are three main aspects.
First, it does not accept the United States' proposal that Taiwan be "trusteeship" by the United Nations.
As early as 1947, the United States was planning to bring Taiwan under the supervision of the United Nations, which was actually to pave the way for China, and also said that the people of Taiwan would not refuse this move.
The specific operation is to first persuade the allies to join, then let the "** elements" put forward, and then persuade the Asian countries to send troops to occupy Taiwan with the United States, and "everyone" will negotiate together to directly erase Taiwan's sovereignty and put it under the name of the United Nations.
When Lao Chiang learned about it, he clearly told the United States that this move violated the spirit of the Cairo Conference, and neither China nor the people would agree to it, nor would he accept it himself.
In the end, this farce did not receive the support of Asian countries, so it was difficult to speak out and was over.
Second, it opposes the "autonomy of defending the island" proposed by the United States. The mutual defense agreement signed between the United States and Chiang Lao does not include islands such as Kinmen, which reflects the differences between Lao Chiang and the United States.
As early as the time of the defeat, the United States advised Chiang to abandon the islands of Kinmen and Penghu, and later did not care about the military activities of the Kuomintang troops on the mainland in Kinmen, but advised Chiang Lao to withdraw his troops to the island of Taiwan so as not to cause trouble.
It is not difficult to guess that on the surface, the United States does not want to provoke the mainland, but in fact it wants to kill two birds with one stone, not only to avoid dragging itself into a war, but also to cut off the connecting role played by those islands, to achieve cross-strait political isolation, and to prepare for planning.
Lao Chiang could not see what the United States was thinking, and he resolutely opposed the US proposal to cease fire and withdraw troops.
In his public speech on the "Sun Yat-sen Day," he made it clear that both sides of the strait belong to one China, refuted the remarks that Taiwan's status was uncertain, and exposed the conspiracy.
By 1958, the United States was no longer subtle and directly pressured the veteran to immediately withdraw his troops from Kinmen and accept "autonomy on the island." In this regard, Lao Jiang directly instructed the personnel to publicly state that he would not accept the proposal to withdraw the troops, nor would he compromise and retreat.
The third is to crack down on "** elements." It is no longer a secret that the United States has been supporting ** elements, and the most jubilant ones are Liao Wenyi, Liao Wenkui, Zheng Songtao and others.
Lao Jiang is not ambiguous in cleaning up the ** elements, on the one hand, it is coercion and temptation, and on the other hand, he will be targeted and eliminated when dealing with diehards.
At that time, Liao Wenyi was in charge, Chiang Kai-shek first checked his property in Taiwan and arrested his family, and Liao Wenyi did not give up his career.
Chiang Kai-shek took another dose of fierce medicine and directly sent someone to kill Zheng Songtao, Liao Wentao was scared, so he obediently returned to Taiwan and stopped doing **.
At that time, there was Lao Chiang staring, and there was no way for **elements and supporting** foreigners to survive in Taiwan.
At that time, although the two parties had different political views, adhering to the one-China consensus was a prerequisite for the two sides to be able to contact and negotiate, and it was also an internal driving force.
3. Bipartisan negotiations.
Since the 1950s, the two parties have been looking for reliable intermediaries to open up channels of communication. ** found Zhang Shizhao and asked him to bring the letter to Lao Jiang.
Zhang Shizhao met with Hsu Hsiao-yan, a Kuomintang personnel stationed in Hong Kong, in Hong Kong, and handed over the letter to Hsu during the talks. Xu then flew to Taipei, reported to Lao Chiang in person, and handed the letter to Lao Chiang in person.
At that time, Lao Jiang was willing to negotiate peace, but he had many doubts and hesitated for a while. A year later, Chiang decided to send his student Song Yishan to Beijing to learn what the CCP meant.
Song Yishan's trip to Beijing was in the name of visiting relatives, because his younger brother Song Xilian was being reformed on the mainland as a war criminal, and it was reasonable to use this name.
Song Yishan met *** in Beijing, and his words made Song Yishan's doubts disappear: During the Great Revolution, we worked together and ate the same pot of rice, hoping to work together!
Subsequently, Song Yishan held a secret meeting with the representatives of the Communist Party of China, and the Chinese Communist Party put forward the conditions for three degrees of cooperation
First, the two parties have started reciprocal peace talks to seek the great cause of reunification; Second, Taiwan accepts leadership and exercises a high degree of autonomy; Third, Lao Chiang will continue to lead Taiwan and will not interfere, and Kuomintang people can participate in management; Fourth, the United States must withdraw its troops from Taiwan.
Song Yishan returned to Taiwan to report the results of his trip to Lao Jiang and submitted a 10,000-word report, revealing his appreciation for the mainland.
Song Yishan's doubts were dispelled, but Lao Chiang's doubts were not, and after that, the mainland began the anti-rightist struggle, and Lao Chiang felt that the time was not yet ripe for peace talks, so he put it aside.
Later, Lao Jiang had the idea of peace talks again, and he found Cao Juren, who settled in Hong Kong. Cao Juren, a mutual friend of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, accepted Chiang's request to go to Beijing to make contact with the CCP.
When he arrived in Beijing, Cao Juren was received by *** successively, and both leaders expressed the idea of the third cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. ** Fully affirmed the role of Lao Chiang in the revolution of modern Chinese history. Since then, Cao Juren has acted as an intermediary between the two parties.
In view of the reunification of the two sides of the strait, he later put forward some proposals, which are the famous "one program and four objectives." To sum up, as long as the motherland is reunified, everything else is easy to discuss.
After listening to this, Lao Jiang put forward some conditions, which are the six points mentioned earlier, and he agreed to them one by one, and also put forward suggestions for improvement, so far the two sides reached a preliminary consensus.
Regrettably, the mainland then entered a special period, and Lao Chiang had doubts again, and the peace talks were interrupted. Time flickered, and in 1975, Lao Chiang invited *** to visit Taiwan through the channel of Hong Kong.
Due to his advanced age and unable to withstand the long journey, he planned to send him to Taiwan as a special representative, but before the trip could take place, Lao Chiang died suddenly of illness, and the cross-strait peace talks were interrupted again.
After the death of the elder Chiang, Chiang Ching-kuo took over the baton and continued to pursue the policy of the elder Chiang and adhered to the one-China position. After Chiang Ching-kuo's death, Taiwan began to get out of control, and the ** elements became active again. Thinking about the last unsuccessful peace talks, I really feel that it is a pity.
Epilogue. At least the Chiang father and son adhere to the one-China principle, we can wait for the opportunity, and the reunification of Taiwan can also be left to future generations to complete, and it will be easy to do it when the conditions are ripe. Later, ** also released goodwill to Chiang Ching-kuo, but unfortunately, the cooperation between the two parties for three times was not reached. At present, Taiwan has been turned into a miasma by ** elements, and sixty percent of the Taiwanese people are tired of Taiwan's status quo, and ** has become more and more unpopular.
Cross-strait reunification is the trend of the times and a historical necessity. **There is no way out, the motherland will be reunified!
Author: Compendium of Materia Medica.
Edit: The sound of the night rain is annoying.
References: 1Wang Songmin. The mystery of Chiang Kai-shek's secret visit to Taiwan[J].Archives World,2011,(02):21-24
2.Wang Shuhua. Chiang Kai-shek's contradictions and struggles with the United States on the Taiwan question[J].Journal of Guangdong Provincial Institute of Socialism,2001,(04):38-39
3.Dongfang Ming. Chiang Kai-shek: "He ***, I'll his head!" ”[j].Hubei Archives,2004,(03):42-45
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