Core Reading.
Sent passengers from 23 million to 4800 million passengers, from green cars to EMU trains, from hard tickets to e-tickets, ......After 70 years, today's Spring Festival transportation has undergone great changes with the high-speed railway network narrowing the distance between homes and the public welfare "slow train" running in the mountains.
Happiness is the most family reunion.
In 1954, the former Ministry of Railways established the Spring Festival Passenger Transport Office, and the concept of Spring Festival transportation was born. After the reform and opening up, the tide of migrant workers rose, and the Spring Festival gradually became a social phenomenon.
Over the past 70 years, the Spring Festival has undergone tremendous changes.
In 1954, the railway sent a total of 23 million passengers during the Spring Festival; In the 2012 Spring Festival, it climbed to 22.1 billion passengers; In the Spring Festival in 2024, the national railway is expected to send 4800 million passengers, more than double the number in 2012.
From the fifth day of the first month of the Year of the Dragon to the eighth day of the first lunar month, the national railway passenger dispatch volume has set a new historical record for the single-day passenger dispatch volume of the Spring Festival for four consecutive days. On the last day of the Spring Festival holiday, 2,256 additional passenger trains were arranged, and the railway Spring Festival transportation capacity reached a new high. As of February 20, the national railway Spring Festival has sent a total of 3200 million passengers, with a daily average of 12.31 million passengers, safe and stable transportation.
From green cars to EMU trains, from hard tickets to e-tickets, from 23 million to 4800 million ......The train goes all the way to serve the majority of passengers.
From diesel locomotives to Fuxing EMUs.
High-speed rail, shorten the distance to home.
One person, 9 certificates, 35 models, 32 years of fighting for the Spring Festival, Han Junjia, a high-speed rail driver of China Railway Beijing Bureau Group, is known as the "full-resume train driver" of China Railway.
In the beginning, I drove a steam locomotive, with a speed of only 50 kilometers per hour, and it took a day and a half to get from Beijing to Shanghai. Han Junjia recalled that later it was a diesel locomotive with a speed of up to 120 kilometers per hour; Later, it was upgraded to an electric locomotive, and the speed also increased to 160 kilometers per hour.
The biggest change came in 2010. That year, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway began to recruit bullet train drivers, and Han Junjia gave up the promotion opportunity and signed up decisively. In 2011, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway was officially opened to traffic, and Han Junjia drove the bullet train to realize the Beijing-Shanghai one-day journey, "In the 2012 Spring Festival, I ran two round-trips a day and sent thousands of passengers home." ”
However, in addition to being excited, Han Junjia also hid a dream in his heart, "In this life, if you can drive an EMU train independently developed by our country, it will be called a success!" ”
Unexpectedly, just a few years later, Han Junjia's dream came true. In September 2017, he became one of the first batch of Fuxing EMU drivers in China and drove the fastest train in China.
In this year's Spring Festival, Han Junjia is still fighting on the front line.
At 3 o'clock in the morning, Han Junjia came to the driver's cab of a moving inspection car in the Beijing bullet train depot, making the final preparations before taking up his post. The four seasons change, the stars change, and the train driven by Han Junjia runs faster and faster, just like the speed of the construction of China's railway network.
From bustling metropolises to quiet and peaceful villages, from ice and snow worlds to tropical seashores, from the sea of flowers to the foot of snow-capped mountains, high-speed rail connects the vast land of China like never before.
By the end of 2023, the operating mileage of China's high-speed rail will reach 450,000 kilometers, accounting for more than 70% of the world's total high-speed railway mileage, is the world's longest high-speed railway operating mileage, the largest scale under construction, the highest commercial operation speed, the most comprehensive high-speed rail technology, and the most abundant operation scenarios.
Such a high-speed railway network makes "a thousand miles of Jiangling a day" a daily routine, making travel more convenient and efficient, and the travel time is generally reduced by more than half;
Such a high-speed railway network has greatly eased the pressure on China's Spring Festival transportation and made the road home smoother.
By the end of 2023, EMU trains have carried a total of 19.6 billion passengers. At present, the high-speed railway bears about 23% of the passenger volume and 31% of the passenger turnover of the whole society, and about 76% of the passenger volume and 66% of the passenger turnover of the railway, which basically solves the problem of serious shortage of passenger capacity during the peak period of passenger transportation.
In the Spring Festival in 2024, high-speed rail will become the "main force". Zhengzhou East Railway Station, on average every 1There is a high-speed train every 35 minutes, and more than 340 passengers depart from here every 60 seconds; Guangzhou South Railway Station, 11 high-speed trains arrive at the departure ...... within 10 minutesFrom diesel locomotives to Fuxing EMUs, high-speed rail has shortened the distance to home.
From queuing at the window to purchasing tickets online.
The Internet makes the way to buy tickets more diverse.
A small ticket is also the best physical evidence of the changes in the Spring Festival in the past 70 years.
Before the 90s of the last century, tickets were narrow and thick cardboard tickets, and the seat number was manually pasted by the conductor;
In 1997, the computer-printed red soft paper ticket was officially put into use, and the ticket sales speed was compressed from a few minutes to dozens of seconds, realizing for the first time that "one window has a ticket, and the window has a ticket";
In 2007, magnetic card tickets began to appear, and passengers could enter the station by swiping tickets by themselves;
From June 20, 2020, e-tickets will be promoted and implemented on railways across the country, and train tickets will enter the paperless era.
Tickets have changed, and so has the way you buy tickets.
Fifteen years ago, in order to buy a train ticket home for the Spring Festival, I stayed at the train station for two days and two nights. Liu Jin, who has worked hard in Beijing for more than 20 years, recalled that before the advent of online ticket purchase, many people lined up all night with small benches and small mattresses in front of the ticket window, and the long queue was thrown out several kilometers away.
In the Spring Festival of 2012, train tickets were sold online for the first time. After more than 10 years, online ticket purchase and e-ticket have become the mainstream. Today, Railway 12306 sells 3 billion tickets a year.
On January 25, the railway 12306 set the highest single-day ticket sales for the Spring Festival - 209010,000 sheets. During the peak period of pre-holiday ticket sales, 12306 registered users successfully logged in 3584 per day20,000 people, with a single day's highest successful login of 448980,000 person-times; The average number of page views per day is 622100 million times, with a single-day maximum of 875600 million times.
Behind the data, Railway 12306 has built a convenient and fast intelligent system, which is the world's largest ticketing system.
300 to 500 tickets per second, with a peak of about 1,000, and users only need 28 seconds ......To ensure the smooth and orderly operation of the world's largest ticketing system, it is inseparable from the support of intelligent systems.
Shan Xinghua, deputy director of the 12306 Science and Technology Innovation Center of the railway, said that the high-speed railway from Beijing west to Shenzhen north is an example, which has 17 stations and 3 types of seats. On the surface, there are only 3 products, namely business class, first class, and second class. But in reality, it has 408 goods.
When the system sells a second-class seat from Beijing to Wuhan, the ticket system needs to immediately automatically generate a second-class seat with the same seat between Wuhan and Shenzhen North, and cancel the ticket for the station between Beijing and Shijiazhuang and Wuhan. Shan Xinghua said that so the ticketing system is constantly calculating and generating new "goods" in real time.
The algorithm for querying the remaining 12,306 tickets of the railway is even more difficult. Every time a passenger checks a ticket, the computers of more than 5,500 railway stations online and offline must update the seats, train numbers, identity information, etc., to avoid the situation of multiple sales of one ticket.
Nowadays, although it is still difficult to grab tickets during peak hours and popular directions, affected by factors such as tight capacity. But it is undeniable that getting around has become much easier. After more than 10 years, today's railway 12306 is becoming more and more mature.
Online ticket purchase used to be an exam question given to China Railway by thousands of passengers, and now, although there are still shortcomings, we will go on firmly. Shan Xinghua said.
From "minibus" to "happiness car".
Slow Train", so that the reunion is not absent.
The vast forest sea, the train is leisurely.
At 5 o'clock in the morning on February 1, it was still dawn in Hailar, and the temperature was as low as minus 34 degrees Celsius.
As the conductor, Zhang all stood at the door early to greet passengers. At 5:19 a.m., the four-car green-skinned "slow train" slowly left the platform carrying passengers bound for the mountains.
The 6238 train shuttles between Hailar District, Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and Taerqi Town, Yakeshi City, which is a public welfare "slow train" of the same age as the Republic. The full ticket price is 395 yuan, only 1 cent per kilometer, and the fare has not increased for more than 20 years.
I've been riding this train since I was 9 years old, and as soon as I get on the train, it's like arriving home. Han Ling is 63 years old this year, she told reporters, there is a local saying called "the train is a trip, the highway can not be relied on", in winter heavy snow covers the mountains, the train has become the only means of transportation for the masses along the forest area to seek medical treatment, work, shopping, commuting, and schooling, and is affectionately called "small bus" by everyone.
In addition to being the lifeline of the mountain people, the "minibus" has now become the economic line of the mountain people. Taerqi Town has always been famous for its "Grand Canyon, Big Wetland, 'Forest' Breathing, and Slow Life", and mountain goods are very popular. During the Spring Festival, the express delivery took the "minibus" and walked out of the mountains and into the city with special products.
For several years, in an instant. The "minibus" has been running in the mountains for 74 years, and has also accompanied the mountain people for 74 years. "The 'minibus' is a train for the benefit of the people in the mountainous areas, as long as one person takes the car, the car will continue to drive, so that everyone can go home for the New Year. Zhang said.
5652 trains, from Kunming, Yunnan to Guizhou Hongguo, a one-way journey of 261 kilometers, the whole fare is 365 yuan, and the lowest fare between adjacent stations is only 6 yuan. During the Spring Festival, the "slow train" brought farmers to the city to sell vegetables, brought students and migrant workers back to their hometowns, and brought people from the city to the towns to catch up with the market, which was a veritable "people's livelihood car".
The 8818 train, from Taiyuan, Shanxi Province to Datong Lingqiu, the whole journey is 305 kilometers, and the ticket price is only 19$5. Du Runyun, 55, and Zhao Genwu, 58, have been working in Qingdao, Shandong Province for a year, and for the thrifty ones, this cheap "slow train" is the first choice to go home.
Today, when the society pursues "fast Spring Festival", China Railway Group retains 81 pairs of public welfare "slow trains" to run in remote mountainous areas. Although they are slow, they have low fares and stops, so that no one is left behind on the day of reunion.
If family affection is a knot, then the Spring Festival is the thread that connects these knots. The railway has been in the spring for 70 years, the wheels have rolled over the tracks, and the train full of nostalgia has been galloping all the way in the direction ......of home