On February 21, 1972, a piece of news instantly caused a sensation in the whole world, that is, Nixon, the then American ** Nixon, visited Beijing, officially opening the ice-breaking journey between China and the United States!
You must know that not long ago, China and the United States were still undying enemies, and the United States began to impose sanctions on our party and our country as early as the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan.
Nixon's visit to China has become an established fact, and no one can change it, and everyone can only turn their attention from the cause to the incident itself, to see what kind of sparks can be sparked by this meeting.
Not to mention, there were a lot of jokes during this period, and the most ridiculous of them was a slogan that Nixon saw in the hotel corridor after his stay, the slogan was very simple and only four words, that is, "Down with American imperialism"!
As the "head of the US imperialism" Seeing this situation, Nixon said that it was false that he was not angry, but he did not attack on the spot for the sake of the overall situation, but asked in public in the afternoon that he wanted to embarrass the great man.
So what's going on here? **What did he say, why did Nixon visit China, and what consensus did the two sides reach during the meeting?
Sino-Soviet relations are in full swing between China and the United States
Of course, this is a long story, and if we want to sort it out, we still need to start with the background of the times before China and the United States broke the ice.
There is only one most important reason why China and the United States were able to break the ice and then leap from enemy to honeymoon, and that is the attitude of the Soviet Union.
As we all know, in the first few years of the founding of New China, Sino-Soviet relations can be called "iron porcelain" and "blood alliance", which is incomparable to the closeness of any country.
But it is a pity that there is no feast in the world that will not be dispersed, and the good times will not last long, just in the late fifties of the last century, with the death of the leader of the first generation of Stalin, and the coming to power of the second generation of leader Khrushchev, everything has been reversed.
After stabilizing his rights, Khrushchev immediately aimed the spearhead at China, trying to let the Soviet navy station in China's waters and contract China's maritime defense and security.
This sounds like a good intention, but in fact it is no different from the great powers of the past, ** and *** naturally cannot accept it, so the relationship between the two sides has broken down, the aid subsidies are gone, the expert equipment has been withdrawn, and China and the Soviet Union have changed from brothers to rivals in just a few months.
This situation lasted until the end of the sixties of the last century, and for a whole decade, the Sino-Soviet border was tense, and the outbreak of the Zhenbao Island incident pierced the last window paper between the two countries, and it was obvious that the two sides could not go back to the past.
In the early 70s of the last century, the United States and the Soviet Union had completed the role reversal in the Cold War, from the United States attacking the Soviet Union to the Soviet Union attacking the United States. Therefore, in order to balance the Soviet Union, a plan was also born, that is, the enemy of the enemy is a friend, and unite China to fight against the Soviet Union!
This is the main reason for Nixon's visit to China, of course, it is a sentence, but when it comes to operation, it makes China and the United States difficult, and it is not difficult to understand, after all, the two countries were once incompatible, and a Korean War made the people of the two countries hate each other, how can it be so easy to unite?
There are three specific tricks, one is ping-pong diplomacy, using a small ball to push a big ball, so that China and the United States can understand each other, the second trick is to set off, we invite a number of American celebrities to visit China, and then express China's desire for peace to the other side, the third trick is to negotiate the tone, Nixon sent his henchman Kissinger to Beijing, let him go to the same as *** first, to ensure that Nixon's visit to China will not be in vain, and will not encounter a cold scene.
In this way, as both sides expected, everything went smoothly, so on February 21, 1972, Nixon and his wife boarded the plane and embarked on the road to Beijing to break the ice.
Nixon's visit to "bring down US imperialism".
When Nixon visited China in 1972, he found the slogan "Down with US imperialism" when he checked into the hotel, and he was furious and found the chairman to confront him.
At 11:30 a.m. on the same day, Nixon successfully arrived at Beijing Airport, the cabin door slowly opened, and he was finally relieved at a glance, and there was no accident.
Throwing it into a peach and repaying it with a plum, Nixon naturally didn't dare to slack off, only to see him walk quickly up the ** steps, go straight to the front, and then grabbed the hand of ***, and took the initiative to say:
Hello, Zhou".
And *** also replied with a meaningful sentence, that is, "Mr. **'s hand has stretched out the world's broadest ocean, and China welcomes your arrival!" ”
Nixon, who felt the importance of his words, was also very excited, and he immediately wanted to meet the great man who was rumored to be a god, but it was a pity that due to time reasons, the meeting was scheduled for 3 o'clock in the afternoon, and he could only go to the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse for dinner and rest.
After tasting the Chinese special food, Nixon was satisfied and ready to go back to the house to rest, but at this moment, the accident happened suddenly, in an unfamiliar environment, he and his secretary actually went the wrong way, went around and went directly to the staircase corridor, and here there was the beginning of the scene, only to see a slogan hanging on the stairwell, "Down with the American imperialists" The four big words Nixon brushed his sleeves away.
At that time, Nixon wanted to report the problem to the hotel staff, but after thinking about it, a "bad idea" suddenly emerged, that is, to be patient for the time being, and wait until the meeting with *** to mention it in public, so as to give the other party a disadvantage!
This is also a trip, when the time comes, under the arrangement of the staff, Nixon confidently entered Zhongnanhai, and saw the Mao he thought about day and night, of course, he did not mention this matter at first, there should be etiquette, the two sides held their hands tightly together, or until more than a minute later, he questioned with a wicked smile, which roughly means that he saw the slogan "Down with US imperialism" in the state guesthouse, and asked if this was intentional on the part of the Chinese side, wanting to embarrass himself, Or maybe there was no sincerity for this meeting.
As soon as these words came out, the atmosphere at the scene instantly became tense, the staff beat their chests, thinking that it was their own work mistakes, the American personnel were full of confidence, obviously trying to embarrass ***, even *** looked solemn, after all, this matter can be big or small, it is negligence to say that it is small, and it is not sincere to say that it is big?
However, what everyone didn't expect was that the embarrassment was resolved in only three words, which was very simple, that is, "empty cannon"!
What do you mean by that? Hearing this, not only Nixon was stunned, but even *** didn't react for a while, or it wasn't until more than ten seconds later that he understood the deep meaning and immediately gave an explanation, according to ***, ** means, "Down with US imperialism" is just a slogan, just like before Chiang Kai-shek shouted all day long "exterminate the Communist Party", and the United States shouted all day long to eliminate socialism, shouting and shouting, but there was no actual action, but it made the other party stronger and stronger, isn't this "empty cannon"?
As soon as he heard this, Nixon was instantly impressed by the humor and atmosphere of ***, and he also changed his previous difficulties and ended the topic with a few laughs.
Under the influence of this small episode, the atmosphere of the scene was immediately set off, our personnel breathed a sigh of relief, and the American personnel, including Nixon, were full of expectations for the next talks, but what they never expected was that when Nixon proposed to continue the talks, ** was the first to speak:
We don't talk about state affairs, you look for him for state affairs (**talk, I only talk to you about philosophical issues!). ”
Reach a consensus and win-win cooperation
Sino-US relations broke the ice, and Nixon came all the way to China, but said that he "didn't want to talk about national affairs with him, he just wanted to talk about philosophy."
Hearing this, Nixon was obviously confused at the first time, you must know that he crossed the ocean to visit China this time, he was rushing to break the ice, even if he could not completely eliminate the estrangement between the two countries, at least a few symbolic consensuses should be reached, right? If you only talk about philosophy and not politics with ***, wouldn't it be a trip in vain?
This confusion was fully understood, and at the same time, Nixon also noticed the smile in the other party's eyes, of course, it was only at this time that he understood the deep meaning of the chairman's words.
In Nixon's view, there are two meanings, one is that the problem between China and the United States is not superficial, but the collision between ideology and ideology and ideology. If we don't talk about philosophy and just talk about politics, then we really treat the symptoms but not the root cause.
Second, breaking the ice between China and the United States is a major event, which cannot be achieved overnight, and naturally we must not be in a hurry, and the two sides must first unify their ideological pace, otherwise, even if they can talk about major things, they will be chicken feathers, and they may even break up unhappily.
I have to say that Nixon's ** is not in vain, what he guessed is exactly what *** means, once the consensus is reached, the rest of the things will come naturally, Nixon just listened quietly to the philosophical concept of ***, and savored the deep meaning, if there is something disagreeable, he will interrupt, and wait until one party convinces the other party before continuing.
In this way, after more than 10 minutes of philosophical attack, the main topic of this meeting was finally ushered in, which was divided into three aspects, the first of which was the most urgent issue of Vietnam.
In the early seventies of the last century, the Vietnam War has been fought for more than ten years, at this time both the United States and Vietnam are tired, especially the United States is even more internal and external troubles, the internal anti-war sentiment is rising, the people's voices are rising one after another, there is a strong enemy of the Soviet Union outside, and it can be said that the slightest carelessness is a complete loss, so Nixon urgently needs to determine China's attitude, if we choose not to intervene and no longer provide assistance to Vietnam, then the United States can retreat step by step, on the contrary, There is a high probability that hundreds of thousands of American GIs will die here.
So, at the first time, Nixon asked about Vietnam, and his words did not disappoint him, the general meaning of his old man is very simple, summed up in a sentence "the enemy does not move, I do not move", China has always respected the territorial sovereignty of other countries, and longs for peace, if the United States wants to withdraw its troops and want to end this war, then China is naturally willing to see it, and naturally it will not start a war again.
On the one hand, he demanded that Nixon withdraw the US troops stationed in Taiwan, and on the other hand, he asked him to respect the "one-China principle" and deny the legitimacy of Taiwan's Chiang Kai-shek regime in the international community.
The United States has already taken a big advantage on the Vietnam issue, so even if he is unwilling to do so, Nixon can only choose to make concessions and give up their long-time allies, after all, he also knows that this is China's bottom line.
Finally, it is about the Soviet Union, Nixon means that China should use practical actions to put pressure on the Soviet Union, so that the United States can free up its hands to solve other affairs, but ***'s idea is diametrically opposite, according to him, China does not need to do anything at all, as long as China and the United States seek common ground while reserving differences and normalize relations, this is itself a threat to the Soviet Union, and they themselves will take precautions, and this is the superior policy in the art of war - the soldier who surrenders without a fight.
Hearing this, Nixon was deeply concerned, and the meeting that was originally scheduled for 15 minutes, but the meeting that lasted for 70 minutes came to an end, but although the talks ended, Nixon's footsteps still did not stop, and in the following time, he participated in the state banquet in the Great Hall of the People, and had many negotiations with ***, and later went to Shanghai to sign the "Sino-US Joint Communique" that shocked the world.
Since then, Nixon's trip to China has officially come to an end, and China and the United States have truly entered into normalized relations.
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