Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, Beiyang has risen, the Central Plains has been swinging, and Shenzhou has sunk. The great powers galloped through China, cut off my territory, and slaughtered our people. The 150-year decline has led to a major tragedy in the changing political landscape of East Asia. Heroes from all walks of life appeared on the stage, and various ideas collided with each other. We are familiar with Feng Guozhang, Duan Qirui, Wu Peifu, Cao Kun, Zhang Zuolin, Feng Yuxiang, Xu Shichang, etc., all of which have left a strong mark in history. Beiyang is a powerful group and has held political power in China for almost 16 years. Ordinary people are familiar with it. But among them, there is a heroic man's appearance gradually disappearing in the smoke and dust of history, and slowly no one mentions it.
Xu Shuzheng, a native of Xiao County, Xuzhou Prefecture, Jiangsu, many online articles directly say that he is from Xiao County, Anhui Province, but in fact, he has never been an Anhui native in the era when he was alive. In 1955, in order to better manage Hongze Lake, Xuyi County and Sihong County in Anhui Province were assigned to Jiangsu, and in exchange, Xiao County and Dangshan County were assigned to Anhui. Therefore, Xu Shuzheng was inexplicably named the military leader of the Anhui system by later generations. His family belongs to a small intellectual and has little money, but he has been able to receive a good education since he was a child, and he was admitted to Xiucai at the age of 13. Later, because of the early death of his father, he was so poor that he couldn't afford to study, so he went to Jinan, Shandong Province to join his brother-in-law. The brother-in-law's family is also an ordinary family, and there is no way. So Xiao Xu, who was extremely bored, set his sights on Yuan Shikai, the governor of Shandong.
Xu Shuzheng. I have to say that ** cultural people are fat, and they dare to write letters to the officials of the frontier at every turn. However, opportunism also depends on wisdom, and the fledgling Xiao Xu showed the side of his brain: he knew that he was nameless and had no share, and when he wrote a letter to the feudal officials, it was most likely a paper basket or a porter to do something. If you can see it, it's really daylight. So he carefully planned to write the names of Yuan Shikai's relatives on the cover of the letter presented to Yuan Shikai. Clerks at all levels can ignore the nobody, but when they found out that there was the name of Yuan's relatives, they had to hand over the documents one by one, and Yuan Shikai really saw Xiao Xu's submission. The article was written in the middle and upper class, but it was in line with the popular language of the Restoration at that time, which was in line with Yuan Shikai's appetite, so Xiao Xu was promoted to the staff team and had a public meal. One article, he entered the ranks of "civil servants", who has this talent today?
Duan Qirui was serving as an artillery commander under Yuan Shikai at that time, and there was a lack of literate people around him. As a result, the two Anhui people have formed a partnership for more than 20 years. When Yuan Shikai died in 1916, Duan Qirui took power, and later generations called him an Anhui warlord.
Xu Shuzheng. Xu Shuzheng, nicknamed "Little Zhuge ", graduated from Zhenwu Military Academy (an alumnus of Mr. Chang Kaishen) and the seventh phase of Japanese non-commissioned officers. Beiyang soldiers who are not "inbred" have always been "outsiders" in the Beiyang system. He has both civil and military qualifications, and has both military and statesman characteristics. Among the Beiyang soldiers at that time, there was no one. Although Wu Peifu, who is in the limelight, is also a talent and is conceited with his literary talents, when it comes to politics, he is far inferior to Xu Shuzheng. Xu Shuzheng is well-read and memorized, and he can approve official documents while typing, and at the same time he can meet guests. has the strength to be a master from a talented background, and the military literacy from a college class, so he became a rare chief assistant by Duan's side. Together with the big ** Xu Shichang of the year, he was called "Er Xu", and he was called "Xiao Xu" when he was young.
Duan Qirui has many staff, but in terms of the influence and role played by Duan, no one can surpass this Xiao Xu, and it can also be said that Duan's achievements for most of his life are inseparable from the help of "Xiao Zhuge ". Xu Shuzheng and Duan Qirui are not related, and they are not even considered to be fellow villagers, but in the end they can become the deputy commander of the Beiyang ** Army, and later became the secretary general of Beiyang ***, becoming a cronie among Duan Qirui's cronies. Beiyang bureaucrats who want to see Duan can only be in the outer living room, only "Xiao Xu" does not need to be reported, and directly enters the inner living room to talk to Duan in his pajamas. After the first uprising, Duan Qirui and 46 Beiyang military leaders jointly persuaded the Qing Emperor to abdicate, advocated a republic, and let Yuan Shikai ascend the throne.
Duan Qirui. Xu Shuzheng is decisive, extreme, ruthless, often reckless, and does not leave a way out for himself. If you think of it, you have to do it immediately, and you must do it so that there is no room for maneuver, which often surprises Duan Qirui. Duan himself has also been abroad, has long been trusted by Yuan Shikai, accepted Western ideas earlier, does not advocate the use of force to solve problems, and often uses military means as the backing to solve problems at the negotiation table. Even in opposing his old leader Yuan Shikai as emperor, no matter how Yuan Keding, the son of Yuan Shikai, poisoned him and sent assassins to him, Duan Qirui insisted on not moving his troops. Therefore, Duan Qirui can become the leader of the government for a long time in the early years, and the means are quite old-fashioned. Whether it was serving as the "Provisional Ruler", "Dispute between the Government and the Yuan", "The War of Zhiwan", and "Raising the Border in the Northwest", military affairs have never been Duan Qirui's strong point, and the Anhui warlord is also the only warlord faction in the history of Beiyang warlords who did not have their own fixed territory. Duan's people are people, and scheming comes first.
After the Wuchang uprising in 1911, Yuan Shikai ordered the Beiyang soldiers to go south to suppress, Duan Qirui was ordered to arrive in Xinyang, the situation was chaotic, and the materials were insufficient, causing a large number of soldiers to shoot and rob. After Duan heard this, he only beat the leader with a military stick for forty, and then handed it over to Xu Shuzheng for processing. Xu Shuzheng didn't care about 3721, in troubled times, he used heavy codes, even the pipe belt and soldiers, as long as they participated in the robbery and shooting, they were all shot. Since then, the reputation of being able to command the army and controlling the people has been attributed to Duan Qirui, and the notoriety of being ruthless and vicious and leaving no room for anything has been attributed to Xiao Xu. Duan Qirui, with the blessing of Xu Shuzheng's "** set", began to pilot the Beiyang.
Yuan Shikai. Xu Shuzheng is Duan Qirui's heart and soul baby, and he is Duan's soul military advisor, and no one can move "Xiao Xu". When Li Yuanhong took office as deputy **, Xu Shuzheng didn't give Li Da** face, and slapped the table and yelled at him. **The first few**, prime ministers, such as Tang Zhaoyi, Zhang Zuolin, Jin Yunpeng, etc., all hate "Xiao Xu" so much that their teeth itch, only one Xu Shichang and Xu Shuzheng sang and made peace with poetry, and they were quite satisfied with making literary friends in the year. In the complex political pattern of Beiyang in the early years, Xu Shuzheng has been advancing and retreating with Duan Qirui, and Duan Qirui's political career is actually Xu Shuzheng's political career. Whether he later insisted on unifying the south by force, or operated the parliamentary election through the "Anfu system", or lured the warlords of the Feng family to enter the customs to support Duan Qirui, Xu Shuzheng ran back and forth, sparing no effort, standing in front of the stage are bigwigs from all walks of life, and the chief director behind the scenes is Xu Shuzheng.
Wu Peifu. 
Xu Shuzheng. With the end of the "First World War", the Anhui warlords gradually became unpopular, and Xu Shuzheng was appointed by Beiyang ** as the "Northwest Border Envoy" to find a way out of the "participating army" in the First World War. At this time, a certain territory in the north entered Xu Shuzheng's field of vision. During the period of proclamation, Tsarist Russia colluded with some northern princes to instigate rebellion. Before and after the Wuchang incident, the living Buddha of a certain territory in the north once declared himself emperor, and even sent troops to attack, Yuan Shikai sent troops to repel the rebels in a certain territory in the north. However, in 1915, when Yuan Shikai was alive, in the face of pressure from Russia and Britain during his lifetime, I only retained sovereignty and suzerainty in the Kyakhta Treaty.
In 1917, the "October Revolution" broke out, and a certain territory in the north turned to "anti-Russian and pro-Chinese". Beiyang ** intends to officially recover and cancel the so-called "autonomy". On October 23, 1919, General Xu Shuzheng personally led the 2nd Infantry Brigade and the 1st Cavalry Regiment of the 1st Division of the Northwest Frontier Army of China to march out of the fortress and march to a certain territory in the north, thus starting the battle of the first squadron to recover a certain territory in the north.
On October 28, Xu Shuzheng's Beiyang army arrived at Daolin and annihilated the ** army led by Lieutenant General Semyonov of the White Guards and the army of Sheng'a, the richest Mongolian bandit supported by Japan. By November 6, 1919, the battles around Kulun, the capital of Outer Mongolia, were all over, and Xu Shuzheng began to march towards Kulen.
Semenov. On November 16, 1919, Xu Shuzheng ordered the prime minister of a certain northern territory, Batma Dorji, and the eighth living Buddha Buzundamba to sign the submission of "abolishing autonomy", officially writing to Xu Shichang, the largest Chinese people, and the whole territory, including the Tangnu-Wu Sea, which had been divided and occupied by Tsarist Russia for seven years, a total of about 1.8 million square kilometers of territory returned to China, and this period was also the peak of the territory. After Xu Shuzheng recovered a certain territory in the north, in addition to reporting to Duan Qirui, the premier of Beiyang, he also sent a telegram to Sun Yat-sen, the leader of the Southern Revolutionary Party. On the 26th, Sun Dian replied to the telegram and spoke highly of it. The call said: "Beet calls......Four-in-one response. Our country has not had Chen Tang for a long time, Ban Chao, Fu Jiezi and his people, the deacon built this miracle in ten days, and the ancients did not know which one would be cured. Since the pre-Qing Dynasty, the four descendants have carried two, and they have traveled hundreds of miles in the country. ......This should be the whole country rejoicing and inspired." It can be seen that Xu Shuzheng's feat has been highly praised at home and abroad, and even Sun Yat-sen in the south praised his meritorious "Fu Jiezi, Chen Tang".
Xu Shuzheng's life has always gone to extremes because of his extreme personality. Lu Jianzhang is Yuan Shikai's confidant, and he has a long-term discord with Duan. **At the beginning, he was sealed to the Shaanxi Overseer and began to reverse the paragraph. Feng Yuxiang has always been Lu Jianzhang's subordinate and married Mrs. Lu's niece. When Duan Qirui and Xu Shuzheng advocated the unification of the south by force, Lu Jianzhang went everywhere to agitate for peace talks between the north and the south. The two sides have serious opposing opinions, taking advantage of Lu Jianzhang's coming to Tianjin, Xu Shuzheng ordered someone to lure Lu Lai's house into a "small meeting", Lu didn't know what the plan was, and when he arrived at the small garden of Xu's house, the guards shouted: Send the big handsome**! Duan Qirui was also dumbfounded when he learned that Xu Shuzheng was so first cut and then played. No matter how guilty Lu Jianzhang is, it will not be Xu Shuzheng's turn to kill him. Hurriedly remedy, it is to pay for white things, and it is to promote Feng Yuxiang.
Zhang Zuolin. Due to the issue of power distribution, Duan Qirui asked Zhang Zuolin for a meeting. As soon as Zhang Zuolin walked out of the door, Xu Shuzheng wanted to kill him, but was stopped by Duan Qirui. Xu Shuzheng's style of life has many enemies, and he himself knows it, and he also wrote a poem for this: Buy my head for 100,000 gold, you can really jealous me and know me. The closed-door rope is noisy and strict, and the side hat is drunk and groaning. The song of the day is built in the city of Shenyan, and the dream of Cangbo leads the sea to the boat.
In 1920, after Xu Shuzheng returned to Beijing, a certain territory in the north was in chaos again. Because of the outbreak of the Zhiwan War, Xu Shuzheng was forced to transfer the main force stationed in the local area to the interior to participate in the war, leaving only a mixed brigade of about 1,500 people in Kulun. In January 1921, the "old party" White Russian army general Enchen suddenly led more than 5,000 people to invade Kulen, although ** Xu Shichang immediately ordered the Feng army Zou Fen Department stationed in Zhangjiakou to rescue. However, Zhang Zuolin, Wu Peifu and others always shirked and did not continue to complete Xu Shuzheng's "great cause". Xu Shuzheng and the Anhui faction, who were criticized by them, were more in line with the national interests than them in actual actions.
The Anhui system failed, and after the Second Zhifeng War, Feng Yuxiang took control of the Beijing-Tianjin region. Xu Shuzheng, who returned to China from "going abroad to investigate the twelve countries", did not listen to dissuasion and insisted on going to Beijing to visit Duan Qirui. When the train passed through Langfang, Feng Yuxiang intercepted the information, and Feng telegraphed Zhang Zhijiang, the commander of Chahar stationed in Langfang, to arrest and shoot him. Xu Shuzheng was dragged out of the train by Zhang Zhijiang's soldiers in his pajamas, shot and dumped in the wilderness. Zhang Jian, the champion of the late Qing Dynasty, was Xu Shuzheng's teacher, and after he was killed, he suddenly dreamed that Xu Shuzheng was reciting poems to him, and the old man had an epiphany: Xiao Xu is gone. When Duan Qirui learned about it, he cried loudly: Lose my humerus! General Xu Shuzheng's body was hastily buried by Feng Yuxiang's soldiers, and was later found by a military doctor surnamed Hong. When Hong Junyi was a child, he was taught and practiced by Xu Shuzheng in the Yuan Shikai shogunate, and was admitted to the College of Traditional Chinese Medicine before he engaged in military medical work. There seems to be providence in the dark!
Feng Yuxiang. Xu Shuzheng's life cannot be said to be for the benefit of the country and the people, and the nature of the warlord prompts him to tend to fight for power and profit. In troubled times, he hurt others, and others hurt him. However, when it comes to the heroes of the Beiyang, the prestige of the country, and the maintenance of the territorial integrity of the country, General Xu Shuzheng has indeed done it. Although the merit is not competitive, it has not achieved the full merit. But compared with Zhang Zuolin, Wu Peifu, Cao Kun, etc., he has done enough and is good enough. The reason why Xu Shuzheng failed was because of the "real villain" character of those who follow me and die against me. As an outstanding general in history, there is no good ending. The sea of history is like smoke, boundless, and finally returns to dust and sand, and gradually no one mentions it anymore.