Yesterday we mentioned that Qin Feizi was given to the place of Qinyi because of his meritorious work in raising horses, and became a vassal of the Zhou royal family.
Where is Qinyi, Qinyi is in Qinting Town, Qingshui County, Tianshui City, Gansu Province, located in the northeast of Qingshui County, at the western foot of Guanshan, adjacent to Baojilong County in the east, and Zhangjiachuan in the north.
According to the "Qingshui County Chronicle": "King Xiao of Zhou is good at accumulating horses because of his non-son, and he lives between the barnyard and Wei, and the Qin Pavilion is in Longshang, and the name of the Qin Pavilion has been since then. ”
First, let's take a look at the environment of this place.
The first is the natural environment.
Qinting Town is located at the southwest foot of Longshan Mountain, the northern tributary of the upper reaches of the Weihe River, Niutou River Basin, belongs to the transition zone from the Longshan Mountains to the Loess Plateau of Longxi, and is in the river valley zone. It is located in the marginal area of the interaction of the southeast and southwest monsoons, and belongs to the temperate continental monsoon climate, with long and cold winters, mild and short summers, almost no summer, spring and autumn are connected, and rain and heat are at the same time.
Because there is little flat land, but there is a lot of rain, although it is not suitable for large-scale agricultural planting, there are abundant water and grass, and it is suitable for grazing. Therefore, Qin Feizi, who was divided into this place, led his people to live by raising horses through animal husbandry.
Secondly, there is the external environment we are facing.
Qinyi is located on the west side of Longshan Mountain, which belongs to the territory of the largest branch of Xirong. Since its establishment, the Western Zhou Dynasty has been in a state of hostility with the Dog Rong, and throughout the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Dog Rong can be said to be the greatest threat to the Western Zhou Dynasty.
During the reign of King Mu of Zhou, the fifth monarch of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the power of the dog Rong became strong again, when the dog Rong deliberately did not bring tribute when worshipping King Mu of Zhou, and also hindered the exchange between the Zhou dynasty and other surrounding countries. Therefore, King Mu of Zhou decided to crusade against him.
In October 965 BC, King Mu of Zhou personally led a large army to the northwest. In the spring of 964 B.C., the Zhou army fought a major battle with the dog Rong at a place called Yangxi, and the Zhou army eventually won. The Zhou army captured 5 chieftains of the dog Rong, and also obtained 4 white deer and 4 white wolves.
Some modern scholars believe that the 4 white deer and 4 white wolves mentioned in the records at that time should refer to some tribes in the dog Rong at that time with white deer and white wolf as totems, because the history books also record that the Zhou Dynasty later moved some dog Rong tribes to the surrounding areas of Guyuan, Gansu today, and these tribes are likely to be the dog Rong tribes that surrendered to the Zhou Dynasty during the westward expedition of King Mu of Zhou.
Four years after this battle, King Mu of Zhou once again went west, this time to the west to the "Kunlun Hill".
Although there were many crusades, because the dog Rong lived in the mountains of Longxi and was mostly a nomadic tribe, it was difficult for the Zhou royal family to completely conquer the dog Rong. Therefore, there is another meaning to divide Qin Feizi into Qinyi, that is, to lay the nail of the Qin people on the territory of the dog Rong, and use the Qin people to contain or even weaken the dog Rong.
As a result, from the first day Feizi arrived in Qin, the Qin people had to fight to the death with the powerful Dog Rong tribe.
At the same time, Feizi is not alone in facing the Inurong tribe, next door to him, his brotherintoSince he was the eldest son, he inherited his fatherBig LockeThe two brothers are in the Tianshui area of Gansu, each leading several tribesmen to rely on each other in the encirclement of the dogs.
The powerful dog Rong would never allow the existence of two vassals of the Zhou royal family in his sphere of influence, so he mobilized his troops and kept crusading. In the end, Cheng was wiped out by the dog Rong and remainedQin Zhong(not a great-grandson) led the clan to support it.
Knowing that his strength was not good, Qin Zhong sent people to ask the Zhou royal family for help many times, but King Xuan of Zhou has been hesitant, on the one hand, he thinks that sending troops to the Longxi Plateau to attack the dog Rong is not conducive to the Zhou soldiers; On the other hand, he wanted to watch the Qin people and the dog Rong consume each other and reap the benefits by themselves.
After thinking about it again and again, King Zhou Xuan felt that it was really unreasonable not to do something, so he drew a piece of cake for Qin Zhong, crowned Qin Zhong as a doctor, and improved Qin Zhong's official position.
However, at this time, Qin Zhong even had a problem of surviving, what was the use of asking for an official position, what he needed most was reinforcements from the Zhou royal family.
In 824 B.C., the prince of Inurong led thousands of troops to attack Qin, which was about to destroy Qin.
At this time, Qin Zhong did not have many troops, only hundreds of men from the Qin family, and there was absolutely no possibility of being able to repel the dog Rong.
At the time of the family's life and death, Qin Zhong was not reckless, and still had expectations for the Zhou royal family, and decisively sent his five sons to Haojing for help.
The hard work paid off, and under Qin Qi (Qin Zhong's eldest son) begging and analyzing in many ways, King Xuan of Zhou was moved by Qin Qi, and with a wave of his hand, he gave Qin Qi 7,000 soldiers to recover the lost territory.
Unfortunately, when Qin Qi's brother returned to Qin with his troops, the King of Inurong had already killed Qin Zhong and lined up to greet him, hanging Qin Zhong's head on a high cart in an attempt to scare Qin Qi into surrendering.
In the face of the deep feud in the sea of blood, Qin Qi's brothers didn't care about any formation, and directly rushed to the dog Rong army with their soldiers. The Zhou army, driven by the commander's death, quickly repelled the dog Rong. After that, Qin Qi's brothers led the Zhou army to recover the lost territory, and recovered the territory of Cheng's descendants, and sheltered the remnants of Cheng's family.
After the Battle of Longxi, Qin Qi's brothers used the Zhou army in their hands to sweep Xirong in the Tianshui area and greatly expand their territory.
In order to appease the Qin people to continue to fight against the dogs, King Xuan of Zhou asked Qin Qi to inherit the position of Qin Zhong's doctor, and gave Qin Qi the territory of Cheng and Qin Feizi. Qin Qi is also known as the "Doctor of the West" and became the "Duke of Qin Zhuang" in history.
After this battle, the war between the Qin people and the dog Rong did not stop, but was always in the middle of the battle.
In 779 BC, King You of Zhou made an expedition to the kingdom of Bao. Taking advantage of the fact that the Qin people could not get reinforcements from the Western Zhou, the dog Rong launched a large army and attacked Qin Yi again.
At this time, Qin Qi has changed from a young man who led troops to regain lost territory more than forty years ago to an old man, but the long-term battle with the dog Rong has made him old and strong, and he exudes high fighting spirit.
At this time, Qinyi had also expanded in scale, and the city walls were much higher. But Inu Rong was surprisingly patient and not in a hurry, and went around around Qinyi for nearly a year.
Qin Qi saw that there was no hope for rescue, so he took advantage of the night to launch a surprise attack on the dog Rong. The raid was surprisingly successful, and the Qin people killed hundreds of dog Rong at the cost of more than 100 people. The morale of the dog suffered a major blow and had to retreat thirty miles.
Although the dog Rong retreated, Qin Qi was killed in the raid.
Qin Zhong and Qin Qi, two successive generations of suzerains were killed in the battle with the dog Rong, which shows how difficult and harsh the Qin people were in at the beginning. And how strong perseverance you need to have in your heart to lead the clan to the present.
A few days later, the Zhou soldiers returned from the crusade against the Bao Kingdom, and the dog Rong was intimidated by the strength of the Western Zhou army, gave up the plan to destroy the Qin people, and took the initiative to withdraw the army.
Qin Qi died in battle, and his eldest son, Qin Shifu, gave up his position as the suzerain, led his troops to fight a guerrilla war, and vowed to avenge his father.
As a result, Qin's second son, Qin Kai, succeeded to the position of suzerain (historically called Qin Xianggong).
Can Qin Kai lead the clansmen to ask for the entanglement of the dog Rong and move towards the light, we will talk about it tomorrow.