Cucumber cultivation technology management methods
Cucumber is one of the important vegetables widely cultivated in the world, and it is cultivated in all parts of the north and south of China. Cucumbers can be eaten raw or cooked, rich in nutritional value, and have certain medicinal value. With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for cucumbers has gradually increased, which requires us to improve the cultivation technology of cucumbers to ensure the quality and yield of cucumbers. This article will focus on cucumber cultivation technology management methods, in order to provide reference for cucumber growers.
First, the selection of varieties.
Choosing varieties that are suitable for the local climate and soil conditions is the key to the success of cucumber cultivation. When selecting varieties, the characteristics of varieties such as disease resistance, cold tolerance, heat tolerance, drought tolerance and waterlogging tolerance should be considered. For varieties cultivated in early spring, varieties with early maturity, fast growth and straight melons should be selected; In summer, heat-tolerant and disease-resistant varieties should be selected; For autumn cultivation, varieties with medium and late maturity and strong cold tolerance should be selected.
2. Soil preparation and fertilization.
Before planting, the land should be tillage to improve the soil's air permeability and water retention. At the same time, sufficient basal fertilizer should be applied, and the basal fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer. 3000-5000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 50-100 kg of superphosphate and 20-30 kg of potassium sulfate can be applied per mu. After fertilization, the land should be leveled and ridged or furrowed to facilitate drainage and irrigation.
3. Sowing. 
The sowing date of cucumbers should be determined according to local climatic conditions and variety characteristics. In general, early spring cucumbers are sown from late February to early March, summer cucumbers are sown from late May to early June, and autumn cucumbers are sown from early August to early September. Before sowing, the seeds should be treated, including disinfection, germination and other steps. When sowing, on-demand sowing or strip sowing can be used, and watering should be done in time after sowing to keep the soil moist.
4. Field management.
1.Watering: Cucumbers are crops that require a lot of water and should be kept in sufficient water during growth**. When watering, the principle of "small amount and many times" should be mastered to avoid soil compaction and disease caused by flood irrigation. In times of drought, water should be done in time, and attention should be paid to drainage and flood prevention.
2.Top dressing: During the growth period, top dressing should be done in time according to the growth of cucumbers. When topdressing, the principle of "light in front and heavy in the back" should be followed, that is, less fertilizer in the early stage and more fertilizer in the later stage. The types of top dressing should be mainly nitrogen fertilizer, supplemented by phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. At the same time, foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate should also be sprayed to improve the yield and quality of cucumbers.
3.Cultivating and weeding: Cultivating and weeding should be done in time during the growth period to promote the growth and development of the root system. During tillage, the root system should be avoided, and weeds should be completely removed during weeding to prevent weeds from competing with cucumbers for nutrients.
4.Tressile: Cucumbers are creeping plants that need to be erected to support the plant. When setting up the rack, you should choose the right height and material to ensure that the growth of the cucumber is not affected. At the same time, it should be pruned and pruned in time to remove excess branches and leaves and side vines, so that nutrients can be concentrated in the main vines and fruit growth. In the late stage of growth, old leaves and diseased leaves should be removed in time to enhance the ventilation and ventilation of the field and prevent the occurrence of diseases.
5.Pest control: Cucumbers are susceptible to pests and diseases during the growth period, and comprehensive control measures should be taken. In terms of agricultural control, varieties with strong disease resistance should be selected, crop rotation should be rational, field management should be strengthened, and disease resistance of plants should be improved. In terms of chemical control, pesticides should be used scientifically and the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control" should be followed. Choose the right pesticides for different pests and diseases, and strictly abide by the dosage and safety interval of medication. At the same time, care should be taken to alternate the use of different agents to avoid drug resistance. In addition, measures should be taken to improve the disease resistance of cucumbers and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
5. Harvesting. Cucumber harvesting should be determined according to the growth situation and market demand. In general, cucumbers should be harvested in the morning or late afternoon to avoid the deterioration of fruit quality caused by the high temperature in the middle of the day. When harvesting, the melon should be harvested with thick strips and bright colors, and the excess leaves and residual fruit stalks should be removed. After harvesting, cucumbers should be sold or processed in time to avoid affecting the quality and taste.