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During the Spring Festival holiday, the family is reunited. Many families like to watch TV, play mahjong, play computers, and watch dramas together as a family, and they are often sedentary. There are also people who stand for a long time in the kitchen preparing food, making steamed bowls, croquettes with fish, etc. In addition to backache, shoulder and neck discomfort, sitting and standing for a long time can easily induce adverse consequences such as varicose veins of the lower limbs.
Our normal work and life are inseparable from two healthy legs, and varicose veins are not harmful to this. In the early stage, the symptoms caused by varicose veins of the lower limbs are relatively mild, and the main manifestations are soreness, discomfort and swelling pain of the affected limbs. Later symptoms are mainly caused by various complications, including pigmentation, dermatitis and ulcer formation in the boot area, pain along the vein caused by superficial thrombophlebitis, varicose vein rupture and bleeding, and ulcers in the ankle, commonly known as 'old rotten legs'. According to Ma Lei, deputy director of the Department of Vascular Intervention of the Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, the prevalence of primary superficial varicose veins of the lower extremities is 10%-15% in adults, and it is conservatively estimated that there are about 200 million patients with saphenous varices in China.
Ma Lei reminded that the disease stems from poor lifestyle and living habits, and people will dilate their veins after standing for a long time, the valve function will be damaged, and it will be difficult for blood to return, and it is easy to form varicose veins. Sitting for long periods of time can lead to pelvic congestion, putting more pressure on the lower limbs. Metabolic and vascular problems such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have been proven to be related to a sedentary lifestyle. Sitting, cross-legged and other sitting postures are also very easy to compress the veins in the popliteal fossa, affecting blood return. People who regularly maintain these sitting positions should also be wary of varicose veins and other venous diseases. In addition, there are many "venous valves" in the veins of the legs, like many one-way valves, which help venous blood flow back to the heart and prevent blood from flowing backwards. However, these vein valves can be damaged for a number of reasons, and the valves are not tightly closed, causing blood to flow backwards, which can lead to blood stagnation in the veins of the lower limbs and the formation of varicose veins.
At present, the main methods of varicose veins include medication, pressure, and surgery. Medications**, such as vasoactive drugs, are effective in reducing the patient's clinical symptoms. Pressure**, including elastic bandages, sequential decompression stockings, and intermittent inflatable compression devices. Surgery**, the most widely performed is thermal ablation combined with foam sclerosing agents**. Thermal ablation** mainly includes endoluminal laser ablation, radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation, etc., which has the advantages of minimally invasive, short hospital stay and fast hospitality. Foam hardening** is suitable for mild varicose veins or small diameter capillaries, reticular vein dilation and small varicose veins, as well as large-caliber varicose veins that are not saphenous trunks, and can be used alone, but mainly as a supplement to other varicose vein trunk methods**. Some institutions claim to be able to ** varicose veins through massage and other methods, but in fact, varicose blood vessels to a certain extent, these physical methods can not play an effective role, but are not conducive to the ** of varicose veins.
So, how can we prevent varicose veins in the lower limbs? One is to avoid standing or sitting for a long time, move activities half an hour apart, and do several sets of leg lifts. If you really don't have the conditions to sit for a long time, then you can do leg lifting exercises on the soles of your forefeet when you sit, or do "stepping on the sewing machine" exercise with double ** or turn the circle clockwise and counterclockwise with the ankle as the center, and repeat many times. The second is to often elevate the legs, higher than the heart level, and raise the legs about 15 cm when sleeping at night, and people who have been "lying for a long time" can carry out "pedaling" exercises to promote blood circulation in the legs. The third is to avoid lifting heavy objects of more than 10 kg frequently. Fourth, maintain a normal weight, so as not to increase the burden on the leg veins due to overweight. Fifth, develop the habit of wearing medical elastic stockings every day and exercising your legs for 1 hour, walking, brisk walking, cycling, and running. People with high venous pressure in the calf should put on compression stockings after waking up every day and take them off when they go to bed at night. It is important to note that although exercise promotes blood circulation, people with varicose veins of the lower limbs are not recommended to hike for long periods of time.
*: Xi'an Evening News Editor-in-Charge Yan Han.