A few days ago, the ** Safety Committee issued the "Three-year Action Plan for Tackling the Root Causes of Safe Production (2024-2026)", deploying and carrying out the "Eight Major Actions" for tackling the root causes of safe production, the specific contents are as follows:
1. Carry out safety education and training actions for the main persons in charge of production and business operation units
1.In conjunction with the first party school, we will focus on carrying out special safety education and training for the main persons in charge of production and business operation units in key industries and fields, solidify and improve the synchronous model of "main classroom of the first party school + classrooms in various regions", and promote the full coverage of education and training of the main persons in charge of production and business operation units in relevant key industries and fields, including: In 2024, we will focus on centralized training for the main persons in charge of mining enterprises and fire safety responsible persons in secondary hospitals; In 2025, it will focus on the centralized training of the main persons in charge of metal smelting production and operation units, and the fire safety responsible persons of key cultural relics protection units; In 2026, it will focus on centralized training for fire safety responsible persons in large-scale commercial complexes. All regions and relevant member units of the National Safety Committee shall, in combination with the actual situation, organize safety education and training for the main persons in charge of the production and business operation units in the relevant key industries and fields that are not covered.
2. Carry out actions to improve the standard system for judging major accidents
2.Summarize the experience and practices of the 2023 action for the special investigation and rectification of major accident hazards, revise and improve a number of major accident hazard judgment standards, and form a relatively complete standard system covering various industries. For industries and fields that have issued standards for judging major accident hazards, it is necessary to revise and improve them in a timely manner, enhance operability and practicability, and supplement and improve the standard requirements for new problems and new risks; For those issued with recommended standards or trial and interim measures, they should be actively summarized and upgraded to departmental rules and mandatory national standards by the end of 2024 to enhance their authority. Combined with the actual situation of the industry, we will formulate and revise supporting documents such as the interpretation of the judgment standards for major accident hazards, inspection guidelines and guidelines, and make relevant documents to standardize the work process of accident hidden danger investigation and improve the quality of investigation and rectification.
3. Carry out a dynamic zero-out action for major accidents
3.Establish and improve the safety risk assessment and consultation mechanism for various development plans in accordance with local conditions, effectively link the results of land and spatial planning and the national comprehensive risk survey of natural disasters, etc., and formulate a catalogue of prohibited and restricted industries for production safety in key areas such as development zones, high-tech zones, industrial parks, and chemical parks in light of local conditions, strictly admit, and strengthen the source control of major safety risks.
4.Improve and improve the normalization mechanism of self-inspection and self-improvement of major accident hazards in production and business operation units, and the main person in charge of production and business operation units shall lead a team to carry out at least one inspection of the investigation and rectification of major accidents in their units every quarter (at least once a month in high-risk industries), and improve and implement the safety production post responsibility system for all employees of production and business operation units. Improve the long-term mechanism for industry experts, retired technical safety personnel of enterprises, and professional and technical service institutions to participate in the investigation and rectification work, increase the degree of support and guarantees, and improve the professionalism of the investigation and rectification. For those who have not carried out investigations, have clearly failed to find out problems, or refused to make corrections after being discovered, etc., resulting in the long-term existence of major accidents, refer to the accident investigation and handling, find out the problems, and strictly pursue responsibility in accordance with laws and regulations.
5.Improve the local supervision system for the management of major accidents and hidden dangers, establish a mechanism for relevant departments with safety supervision responsibilities to review and check the sales number, increase professional guidance, and ensure that the closed-loop rectification of major hidden dangers is in place. By the end of 2024, establish and improve the statistical analysis mechanism for major accidents in sub-regions and industries, and take measures such as letters, notifications, interviews, and ** in a timely manner for slow progress. The "Interim Provisions on the Investigation and Management of Hidden Dangers of Work Safety Accidents" was revised to further strengthen the supervision and management of the investigation and management of hidden dangers of accidents.
6.Improve the database of major accident hazards, improve the database operation and management mechanism by the end of 2024, realize the full summary of major accident hazards investigated through various channels such as enterprise self-inspection and reporting, supervision and inspection findings, and public reporting and verification, and promote the sharing and centralization of information on major accident hazards. Promptly notify the main person in charge and actual controller of the relevant production and business operation unit of the information on major accident hazards, implement list management and dynamically update the implementation of rectification, and promote the rectification of sales numbers according to the order one by one.
Fourth, carry out safety science and technology support and engineering governance actions
7.Accelerate the digital transformation of the safety production supervision model to pre-prevention, promote the integrated development of artificial intelligence, big data, Internet of Things and other technologies and safety production, and continue to increase the construction, application, and upgrading of safety risk monitoring and early warning systems in industries such as major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals, mines, tailings ponds, construction, transportation, water conservancy, energy, fire protection, iron and steel, aluminum processing (deep well casting), dust-related explosions, fireworks, oil and gas storage, and oil and gas exploitation. By the end of 2024, we will build and improve the safety production power monitoring and analysis system for hazardous chemicals, mines and other high-risk enterprises, and by the end of 2025, we will achieve full coverage of safety risk monitoring and early warning of major hazard sources of hazardous chemicals, coal mines, iron and steel, aluminum processing (deep well casting), key dust explosion-related enterprises, etc., and significantly enhance the intelligent management and control capabilities of safety production risks by the end of 2026. A number of demonstration cities for safe development have been built at different levels, and the ability to monitor and warn of urban safety risks has been improved.
8.Timely update the catalogue of advanced and applicable technology and equipment promotion and elimination of backward safety production technology and equipment, clarify the scrapping standards of equipment in use, and increase the elimination and renewal of hazardous chemicals, mines, tailings ponds, industry and trade, fireworks, construction, transportation, gas and other industries. In accordance with the law, we will accelerate the orderly closure of "small and scattered" enterprises, the closure of tailings ponds, the scrapping of old DC diesel locomotives, the renewal and transformation of old fishing boats, the transformation and upgrading of old chemical production equipment, and the illegal production and sales of "large tons and small standards" trucks, and promote the elimination and withdrawal of all variant tractors by the end of 2025. Focus on highlighting major risks and hidden dangers, increase the intensity of scientific and technological projects in safety production, and accelerate breakthroughs in key core technologies of important safety production equipment. Vigorously promote "mechanized substitution, automation and reduction", and improve the level of automation and intelligence in mining, hazardous chemicals, fireworks, military industry, civil explosives, tunnel construction and other industries. Promote the installation of early fire alarms and fire extinguishing devices in small production and business sites, commercial self-built houses, and old residential communities. Research and formulate mandatory standards to promote the installation and application of active safety devices for road transport vehicles.
9.Carry out in-depth engineering governance actions such as upgrading and reconstruction of fire protection facilities in old places, construction of highway safety and life protection projects, reservoir risk removal and reinforcement, elevator safety bottoming, railway level crossing transformation, emergency escape exits and fire truck passages. Organize and carry out special treatment of violations of laws and regulations in the review and acceptance of fire protection design of construction projects. By the end of 2025, we will basically achieve full coverage of fire protection and water supply in urban built-up areas, and full coverage of self-built houses with potential safety hazards, continue to promote the quality and efficiency of safety infrastructure, and strengthen intrinsic safety.
5. Carry out actions to improve the safety quality and ability of employees in production and business operation units
10.Promote the deepening and improvement of safety skills training for employees in production and business operation units in high-risk industries such as hazardous chemicals, oil and gas exploitation, mining, metal smelting, fireworks and firecrackers, and strictly assess the safety production knowledge and management ability of the main persons in charge of production and business operation units in high-risk industries, safety production management personnel, and safety technology training and assessment of special operations personnel, and take the relevant requirements for the investigation and rectification of major accidents as an important part of the training and assessment. The "Basic Conditions for Safety Production Training Institutions" standard was introduced, equipment allocation and facility construction were strengthened, a round of full coverage of safety production training institutions was reviewed, and a number of unqualified institutions were removed by the end of 2024. Optimize the management of special operations examinations and permits, build a unified "Internet + comprehensive management service for special operations personnel" system at the national level by the end of 2025, promote special operations personnel to hold certificates, and urge production and business operation units to strictly manage special operations such as electrical welding operations, and strictly abide by fire safety, production safety and other operating procedures.
11.Combined with the actual situation of various industries and fields, by the end of 2024, we will comprehensively refine and improve the frequency, content, scope, time and other requirements for safety production education and training for all types of employees in production and business operation units, improve the supervision and inspection mechanism for education and training effects, and effectively strengthen the dynamic management of education and training. Clarify the safety access mechanism for relevant employees and the exit mechanism for those who do not meet the requirements of safety conditions, and improve the overall ability level of employees. Promote production and business operation units to strengthen the guidance and supervision of production safety of outsourcing and leasing and other related units, and include labor dispatch and flexible employment personnel who accept their operation instructions into the safety production management system of their units, strictly conduct safety training and management, and effectively improve the safety quality and ability of relevant employees.
12.Focus on the improvement of employees' awareness of evacuation and risk avoidance, and promote production and business operation units to organize and carry out evacuation and escape drills at least once a year (at least once every six months in high-risk industries), so that all employees are familiar with escape channels, safety exits and emergency response requirements, and form a normalized mechanism. Promote the production and business operation units of high-risk industries to comprehensively build production safety emergency rescue teams in accordance with the law to meet the needs of safety risk prevention and accident rescue and rescue.
6. Carry out the construction of the safety management system of production and business operation units
13.Combined with the experience and practices of the international safety management system, in 2024, we will pilot the construction of safety production management system standards with Chinese characteristics, focus on large and medium-sized enterprises to revise and complete the basic specifications of the enterprise safety production standardization management system in 2025, study and formulate the basic specifications of the safety production standardization management system for small and micro enterprises, and update the safety production standardization grading standards of relevant industries in a timely manner.
14.Explore the implementation of the grading system of the standardized management system for safe production, and actively promote and guide all kinds of enterprises in relevant industries and fields to create a standardized management system for safe production. Vigorously select and establish benchmark enterprise units for the construction of safety production standardization in various industries, and implement incentive policies for enterprises that meet the standards of safety production standardization in reducing the frequency of inspections, giving priority to resumption of production acceptance, optimizing the rates of safety production liability insurance and work-related injury insurance, and credit credit rating. By the end of 2025, we will build a number of benchmark enterprise units for safety production standardization and promote advanced experience in safety management system.
7. Carry out precise law enforcement and assistance actions for production safety
15.Establish and improve the safety production reporting system and mechanism in various industries, implement reward funds, improve the confidentiality system, fully mobilize the public and employees to report or report major accidents and hidden dangers in production and business operation units, and promptly discover all kinds of violations of laws and regulations in production and business operation units. Promote production and business operation units to establish and improve the reward mechanism for reporting accident hazards, improve material and spiritual dual incentive measures, reward outstanding problems such as major accident hazards, and encourage employees to actively report accident hazards around them to production and business operation units, put forward reasonable suggestions for rectification, and enhance the safety awareness of employees.
16.Comprehensive use of the "four noes and two straights", open investigation and covert visits, cross-border law enforcement in different places, etc., focus on the investigation and rectification of major accident hidden dangers, further promote precise law enforcement, concentrate on listing, publicizing, and handling a number of major accident hazards, and conduct interviews and reports on areas where law enforcement is "loose and soft". For production and business activities that do not need to be approved and filed but have greater safety risks, increase on-site law enforcement inspections, improve the "double random" spot check and inspection work mechanism, and strictly prevent small construction and small operations from causing major problems. For serious violations, employ methods such as suspension of production for rectification, closure and banning, upper limit punishments, joint disciplinary action, and "double punishment in one case" in accordance with law, implement mechanisms for linking executions, and severely crack down on all kinds of illegal and illegal conduct. The main person in charge of the production and business operation unit responsible for the occurrence of a major accident shall be clearly prohibited from serving as the main person in charge of the production and business operation unit in the industry for life. By the end of 2024, establish and improve the system of production safety supervision and law enforcement statistics, law enforcement evaluation, and reporting of typical cases in various industries and fields, improve the benchmarks for administrative discretion, and organize and carry out law enforcement training and competitions. Increase the promotion and application of "Internet + law enforcement", promote the organic combination of on-site law enforcement inspections and online inspection and law enforcement, and continue to improve the efficiency of law enforcement.
17.Comprehensively coordinate the personnel forces of township (street) production safety supervision, fire protection work, disaster prevention, mitigation and relief, emergency rescue, etc., strengthen the implementation of responsibilities, jointly do a good job in safety inspection, safety publicity, emergency rescue, etc., and promote the extension of safety production supervision services to the grassroots ends. Strengthen the allocation of law enforcement equipment for administrative law enforcement personnel at all levels of production safety, and promote the standardization of law enforcement teams. Implement the dynamic management mechanism of the professional emergency rescue team in production, reasonably determine the size of the team according to the needs of emergency rescue work in production safety, strengthen the construction of local backbone professional safety production rescue team, comprehensively improve the modernization level of technical equipment, and strengthen the support and guarantee of professional emergency rescue.
18.Focus on the investigation and rectification of major accidents, and strengthen the capacity training of grassroots safety supervision and law enforcement personnel. Within three years, combined with the training course for the main person in charge of the enterprise of the first party school, the national safety supervision and law enforcement personnel will carry out centralized training. Organize the compilation of law enforcement training materials, promote the development of various forms of law enforcement training in all localities, and continuously improve the level of systematization and standardization of training. By the end of 2024, the relevant provincial and municipal departments will coordinate the establishment of a database of safety production experts, and make full use of external professional forces to improve the quality and efficiency of law enforcement inspections. Organize production and business operation units in high-risk industries to carry out safety law enforcement guidance and assistance at different levels. Vigorously select and hire law enforcement technical inspectors to participate in the supervision and enforcement of production safety, improve the working mechanism for supervision and inspection through the purchase of services, and effectively improve the ability of grassroots safety supervision. Promote insurance institutions to actively participate in the investigation and rectification of major accidents in high-risk industries and enterprises.
8. Carry out actions to improve the safety quality of the whole people
19.Strengthen the publicity and education of national safety production, cultivate public safety awareness, focus on the theme and goal of "everyone stresses safety, everyone knows how to respond to emergencies", continue to carry out activities such as national safety production month, fire protection publicity month, safety publicity and consultation day, incorporate safety education into the national education system, guide the public to practice safe production and lifestyle, and promote safety publicity into enterprises, rural areas, communities, schools, and families. Implement the responsibility system of "those who enforce the law shall popularize the law", and carry out in-depth publicity and education on the rule of law in production safety. Promote the establishment of special columns on production safety in provinces, cities and counties, regularly explain safety production knowledge, introduce typical experience and practices of safety production, and highlight problems, and produce safety warning propaganda films to strengthen the lessons learned from typical accidents. Accelerate the construction of safety science popularization and education and safety experience bases according to local conditions.
20.Deepen the demonstration and creation of "safe engineering", "safe agricultural machinery", "safe fishery", "Ankang Cup" competition, youth safety production demonstration posts, safety culture demonstration enterprises and other demonstration work in highway and water transport construction, and select a number of advanced enterprises, units and individuals in safety production across the country to strengthen the demonstration and leading role.
*: Ministry of Emergency Management.