February** Dynamic Incentive Program
When New China was founded, it was faced with a complicated domestic and international situation. Domestically, although the new regime has been established after years of arduous struggle, the remnants of the Kuomintang still exist in Taiwan and some regions, posing a threat to the security of the new regime. Abroad, in the shadow of the Cold War, especially the hostility and blockade of the United States and other Western countries towards New China, the pressure has doubled. The primary task of the army's security department is to ensure the political purity and combat effectiveness of the army through internal purging and clean-up work. At the same time, the security department also needs to establish and improve the supervision system to prevent and combat external espionage activities and sabotage operations, and ensure that military secrets and sabotage are not threatened.
With the establishment of the Ministry of Public Security, the Fifth Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security (the Armed Security Bureau) was responsible for the security work of the whole army, marking the formal establishment of the security department. In 1950, in order to further strengthen the organization and leadership, the Military Commission merged it into the General Political Department of the People's Revolutionary Military Committee, that is, the Security Department of the General Political Department, which effectively unified the leadership and command of the whole army's defense work and laid the foundation for the subsequent work of suppressing rebellion and counter-espionage within the army. During this period, the construction and task of the army's security departments was not only to maintain internal stability, but also to effectively guard against external threats, thus providing strong support for the security and stability of New China and the development of the army.
With the gradual stabilization of the situation at home and abroad and the changes in the tasks of the armed forces, the organizational structure of the armed forces' security departments has also undergone important changes and adjustments. In the 1950s and 1960s, with the formation of the Cold War pattern and the cleaning up of the domestic political environment, the military security department began to shift from responding to urgent security threats to strengthening long-term security management. In particular, in 1966, the Security Department of the General Political Department officially became an institution independent of the Fifth Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security, and the army's security work paid more attention to internal management and self-building. The responsibilities of the military's security departments have become clearer, mainly focusing on strengthening the military's internal security, counter-espionage activities, and maintaining the military's political stability.
During this period, the army's defense work suffered serious disruption and damage. Despite the difficulties they faced, the security departments of the armed forces have persisted in positive education, maintained the basic stability of the armed forces, and contributed to the security of the country and the armed forces. After reform and opening up, the army's defense work has entered a new stage of development. In particular, after the Third Plenary Session of the 11 th CPC Central Committee, the army's security departments gradually resumed and strengthened their security work after putting things in order, mainly including thoroughly exposing and criticizing the counterrevolutionary crimes of the "Gang of Four," investigating and handling relevant personnel and matters, improving the organizational structure of the security departments, strengthening the training of security cadres, and rehabilitating and correcting unjust, false and wrongly decided cases.
Since the implementation of the policy of reform and opening up, the country's foreign exchanges have increased day by day, and the country's economy and society have developed rapidly, which has brought new challenges and tasks to the army's defense work. On the one hand, with the expansion of opening up to the outside world, the threat of foreign espionage activities and international crimes to China has also increased. On the other hand, reform and opening up have promoted the development of social information technology, and network security has become a new focus. With the deepening of the country's reform and opening up, in 2003 the PLA promulgated the first "Regulations on the Prevention of Crime in the People's Liberation Army," which embodies the development direction of legalization and standardization of the army's defense work. In the 21 st century, the security departments of the armed forces must not only deal with traditional security threats, but also face new challenges such as network warfare and information warfare.
Before the military reform in 2016, the Security Department of the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) had a Security Bureau, the First Reconnaissance Bureau, the Second Reconnaissance Bureau, the Security Bureau, and the Military Prison of the General Political Department. The Security Bureau is responsible for conducting anti-rape and confidentiality education and legal and discipline education for the troops, as well as conducting political review. The First Reconnaissance Bureau is responsible for investigating major cases such as spies and espionage, and accepts the guidance of the Ministry of Advanced Affairs; The Second Investigation Bureau is responsible for guiding the investigation of major criminal cases throughout the army and accepts the guidance of the Ministry of Public Security. The Security Bureau is responsible for the security of the head of the General Political Department and major meetings of the whole army; The military prison of the General Political Department is responsible for the guarding, detention, and execution of criminal cases in the Beijing area, and receives relevant guidance from the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Justice.
In 2016, with the deepening of national defense and military reform, the military security sector ushered in a historic change. The Political and Legal Committee of the Military Commission was established, and the Security Department of the former General Political Department was reorganized into the Security Bureau of the Political and Legal Committee of the Military Commission. The implementation of this reform has not only optimized the organizational structure of the army's security departments, but also marked the development of the army's security work in a more professional and modern direction. In 2018, the "Online Military-related Illegal Crimes and Adverse Information Reporting Platform" organized and built by the Security Bureau of the Political and Legal Committee of the ** Military Commission was officially launched. It has strengthened its ability to guard against and respond to cyberspace security threats, and is an important step forward in the military's defense work in terms of informatization and networking.
The evolution of the military security department is the process of facing domestic and foreign security challenges and responding to changes in national defense and security needs in different periods. From the infrastructure construction in the initial period, to the legal system construction after the reform and opening up, and then to the information transformation in the new era, the military security department has always been committed to maintaining the stability of the armed forces, constantly adapting to the needs of the development of the times, and promoting the development of the armed forces to a higher level. With the further changes in the international situation and the rapid development of science and technology, the military security department will continue to face new challenges and tasks, and it is necessary to constantly innovate and improve to ensure national defense security and the stable development of the armed forces.