In the summer of 1985, Fang Zhichun, the former party secretary and governor of Jiangxi Province, received a letter from an elderly woman.
A dusty history, a moving story. This is about the widow of a martyr, an old man named Wang Yuqin. In her letter to the secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, she frankly expressed her difficulties and hopes.
Her husband, Ling Fengwu, had been educated by the martyr Fang Zhimin, and he began to sympathize with the revolution and did something useful for the revolution. However, after Fang Zhimin**, he was wronged because of historical mistakes, and his widow had a difficult life because of this.
Who is Ling Fengwu? What does he have to do with martyr Fang Zhimin? Why did Wang Yuqin say that her husband didn't have ** Fang Zhimin? All of this needs to be understood and discovered.
Because history will not forget those who paid for the revolution, and they deserve our respect and remembrance. Although Fang Zhimin was brutally killed, he still used his pen to write more than a dozen manuscripts such as "A Brief Description of My Revolutionary Struggle", "Lovely China", and "Clear Poverty", amounting to more than 20 million words, leaving a valuable spiritual wealth for the party and the people.
How did he get out of prison under heavy security? There is no doubt that there must be someone in the prison who secretly helped Fang Zhimin. So, how many people did Fang Zhimin win over to sympathize with the revolution in prison at that time and play a key role in transmitting the manuscripts?
Let's unveil the mystery of this history together and pay tribute and remember those who have contributed to history.
Fang Zhimin's manuscript can be taken out, in addition to the four of them, there is also a key person. This key figure is Ling Fengwu, director of the detention center of the Nanchang Pacification Office, where Fang Zhimin works.
Under Fang Zhimin's awe-inspiring and righteous inspiration and patient teaching, Ling Fengwu "deeply admired" Fang Zhimin, and "regardless of safety" brought great convenience to Fang Zhimin's writing and sending out manuscripts, and created the necessary conditions for Fang Zhimin's special struggle in a special environment, so that Fang Zhimin's manuscripts could be seen by us.
Ling Fengwu was born in Xiaoshun Town, Jinhua, Zhejiang, his father was a cloth merchant, and his family conditions were relatively superior. He and Qian Xiemin are fellow villagers, and the two have studied together for several years. At this time, Qian Xiemin served as a lieutenant colonel and military judge of the Military Judge Advocate General's Office.
In January 1935, the former "North Road General Headquarters" was reorganized into the Pacification Office. Ling Fengwu relied on his relationship with Qian Xiemin to be appointed as the director of the ** detention center by Cao Zhenfei, the newly appointed director of the Military Judge Advocate General's Office.
At that time, Fang Zhimin had already been escorted to this detention center, and was soon transferred to the "preferential treatment room". What is a "Privilege Room"? Ling Fengwu later wrote in his confession:
Ling Fengwu: "The detention center in Nanchang is very large, and the preferential treatment room is inhabited by high-ranking Kuomintang officers who have committed 'military and political crimes', as well as 'lawless' elements identified by the authorities.
I often picket late at night, and once I saw Fang Zhimin in his cell immersed in reading books and writing articles. I think he's a man of integrity, and I want to get to know him. I accepted the task of 'persuading my boss to surrender' and entered the prison where Fang Zhimin was.
At the beginning of the conversation, I said that I was the director of this prison, and Fang Zhimin interrupted me by saying that I was not a member of the Kuomintang. He told me that he had been a member of the Kuomintang, but the Kuomintang had let him down.
I didn't expect you to be a lover too. I also had the idea of changing China, but I was an errand boy under the Kuomintang. But I think it is feasible to work with the Communist Party to fight the local tyrants and divide the land, so that the people of China will no longer be oppressed.
Do you agree with me? ”
Ling Fengwu is Fang Zhimin's prison "friend", he has changed from the prison warden who was "persuaded by Fang Zhimin" to become a listener of revolutionary theories, and then to a caregiver of Fang Zhimin's life.
He helped Fang Zhimin reduce the weight of his shackles, ** foot injury, help his life, obtain information, transmit manuscripts, and finally helped Fang Zhimin escape from prison successfully.
In this detention center, Fang Zhimin and Ling Fengwu usually just chat, and there are no major incidents. But late one night, Ling Fengwu went to Fang Zhimin's prison to talk secretly, and was overheard by the prison guards in the prison.
The prison guard, who knew some English, understood the conversation between them, which mentioned "passing the manuscript". This made the prison guard suspicious, and he immediately told Cao Zhenfei, the head of the military justice department.
Cao Zhenfei had a hunch that there might be something wrong with it, but he had no conclusive evidence, so he could only transfer Ling Fengwu back to the Captain Clerk of the Judge Advocate General's Office in June. During this period, Gao Jiajun was deeply infected by Fang Zhimin's noble qualities, he not only loyally guarded Fang Zhimin, but also risked his life to contact the party branch in prison for him, doing some chores such as delivering newspapers and buying baked cakes on his behalf.
As time passed, his admiration for Fang Zhimin became deeper and deeper. Under the influence of Fang Zhimin, Gao Jiajun also decided to join the Communist Party. In June 1935, according to the instructions of the Communist Party of China, the Shanghai underground party organization set up a cover base in Nanchang to prepare to rescue Fang Zhimin.
However, at this critical moment, Gao Jiajun was abruptly dismissed. It turned out that He Baoqing, the new director of the detention center, had discovered Fang Zhimin's intention to escape from prison early in the morning, and he secretly reported the matter to Cao Zhenfei.
Cao Zhenfei then sent a telegram to Chiang Kai-shek, which led to Gao Jiajun's dismissal.
FigChiang Kai-shek Chiang Kai-shek received the news and immediately ordered the secret execution of Fang Zhimin. At dawn on August 6, Fang Zhimin was killed. Later, according to Ling Fengwu's recollection: "On August 6, the day Fang Zhimin was killed, Cao Zhenfei, director of the Judge Advocate General's Office, searched in his cell a note he had written to me that he had no time to destroy, and a secret order that I copied to him after I returned to the Judge Advocate General's Office.
Cao Zhenfei seized on this point to make a fuss, he suspended me from his post and detained me, thinking that Fang Zhimin's plan to escape from prison had something to do with me, and said to me: 'If there is a riot in Nanchang City these days, you are the only one who asks.
Fortunately, after the military and political personnel (Hu Yimin and others) and intellectuals in the sympathy and preferential treatment room of the compatriots in the institute signed a joint guarantee, and Qian Xiemin and other fellow villagers in Zhejiang tried to rescue me, and they imprisoned me for three days and three nights. ”
After Ling Fengwu was suspected by the Judge Advocate General and revoked the director of **, he said goodbye to Fang Zhimin. "Comrade Zhimin, this farewell, we don't know if there will be a chance to meet again. ”
See it or not, I'm in your heart. "What do you mean? "I belong to communism, and if you accept it, you accept me. "It seems that I have been captured by you with communism! ”
Fang Zhimin comforted Ling Fengwu: "Don't be sad, you are not captured by me, but you are awakening and moving closer to the people, I advise you not to be obsessed with the battle of officialdom, it is better to be a teacher."
In this way, they can not only support their families, but also teach people the ability to love the country. After being stimulated by this, Ling Fengwu was unwilling to serve the reactionary ** anymore. He accepted Fang Zhimin's advice and decided to devote himself to the education industry.
3. Ling Fengwu helped Fang Zhimin's wife Miao Min identify the remains In August 1951, Ling Fengwu asked to participate in the study of the backward elements because he had been on an errand for the Kuomintang.
During the study period, Ling Fengwu had a good attitude and good ideological transformation, which won the praise of the teacher. On September 1, the organization issued a review opinion to him: "During the period of anti-study, he has a good learning attitude, is honest, performs positively, is willing to accept reform, and can be assigned work." ”
The Culture and Education Section of the Jinhua Special Administration assigned him to Beilu Middle School in Dongyang County as an English teacher. On November 24, 1956, the Dongyang County CPPCC elected Ling Fengwu as a member of the CPPCC and prepared to arrange for him to speak.
The following year, Ling Fengwu said at the Dongyang CPPCC meeting: "After returning to my hometown from Nanchang, I was determined to cut ties with the reactionary forces and decided to devote myself to the education sector, until now, after 20 years of teaching experience, I have today's service to the people, to be a people's teacher, to be a member of the CPPCC, to think of the source of drinking water, and this must also be attributed to the legacy of the revolutionary martyr Comrade Fang Zhimin in prison." ”
In 1955, the CCP was determined to find the remains of martyr Fang Zhimin, and personally instructed and appointed Vice Chairman *** to take charge of this matter. ** Immediately went to Jiangxi and set up a "Fang Zhimin's Bone Investigation Leading Group", which was led by Fang Zhimin's cousin Fang Zhichun.
**Talked with Fang Zhichun many times, expressed **respect for the martyr Fang Zhimin, and hoped that Fang Zhichun could complete this task. Since more than 20 years have passed since Fang Zhimin's sacrifice, his remains are in **, and no one knows.
** Proposed: "The Communist Party of China relies on the masses to win power, and the bones should also be mobilized by the masses to find them." This opening up new ideas for the search for bones.
Fang Zhichun held several group meetings and decided to take the mass line to find the remains. Jiangxi Province released news through various channels and received clues from all directions.
The investigation team sorted out three important pieces of information: the videographer who took the picture of Fang Zhimin was found, and the person who collected Fang Zhimin's body was found.
Based on this information, the investigation team roughly determined the burial place of Fang Zhimin's remains. Soon, workers in Xiashawo, Nanchang, dug up a pile of bones and a pair of shackles on the construction site.
Although the bones were found, no one could confirm whether they were Fang Zhimin's. Mrs. Fang Zhimin's first reaction was to ask Ling Fengwu to identify it. Miao Min immediately wrote to Ling Fengwu in Dongyang County: "A few days ago, a worker in Xiashawo, Nanchang, unintentionally dug up a pair of bones with a pair of shackles on its feet during the construction of a chemical fiber factory.
According to the workers, they used to dig up many bones, but they have never exhumed those wearing shackles since liberation. Fang Zhimin took a photo when he was righteous, saying that he was wearing shackles. ”
On the evening of April 10, the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Civil Affairs sent a telegram to Ling Fengwu: "Comrade Ling Fengwu, please make a special trip to Changchang to identify the shackles of martyr Fang Zhimin and talk about martyr Fang Zhimin's deeds in prison.
Jiangxi Provincial Department of Civil Affairs. After Ling Fengwu rushed to Nanchang, he was warmly received by Fang Zhimin's wife Miao Min and Fang Zhimin's cousin Fang Zhichun, and at the same time, Ling Fengwu also gave a detailed introduction to Fang Zhimin's righteousness.
FigMiao Min Ling Fengwu carefully observed a pair of shackles excavated, and believed that their shape and weight were consistent with the shackles he had put on for the martyrs, and according to the traditional method of identification and calculation, nine of the bones were identified as the bones of the martyr Fang Zhimin.
Ling Fengwu also briefed the relevant leaders and their relatives on Fang Zhimin's heroic deeds in prison, and the relatives of martyr Fang Zhimin and the leaders of Jiangxi Province expressed their sincere gratitude for this.