The Era of Man as a Commodity: Reflections on History and Reality
Human trafficking has a long history.
It is understood that Bai Lixi was originally a slave in the Spring and Autumn Period, but because of his talent, he was favored by the Qin State, and Qin Mugong bought him from the market with five black sheepskins, so Bai Lixi was called"Doctor Wuyang"。
During the Jin Dynasty, the imperial court also taxed the buying and selling of human beings at a rate of 4%, with the buyer paying 1% and the seller paying 3%.
From the Jinjiang ferry, the things sold, there are slaves and maids, cattle and horses, field houses, and paper rolls, and the money rate is 10,000, and 400 is lost for the official estimate, and the seller is 300, and the buyer is 100. There is no volume, that is, Kanmu, and the person who receives it is forty percent, which is called a loose stall.
During the reign of Zhu Yuanzhang, Zeng Bingzheng was dismissed, and his hometown was far away. He couldn't find the money, so he sold his four-year-old daughter for silver so that he could return home. Zhu Yuanzhang was furious when he found out and ordered Ling Chi to be executed. Zhu Yuanzhang's reason is very simple: since you sold all your daughters, there is no need to have another daughter in the future.
The maid Qingwen in the famous novel "Dream of Red Mansions" was bought with money.
The history of buying and selling people as commodities goes back to ** and ended only a few decades ago. In other words, for 98% of history, people have been bought and sold as commodities.
Today, you can still see many deeds of sale, most of which are from the ** and Qing Dynasty, for the purpose of preservation. However, behind this thin sheet of paper, there is a tragic history.
Selling a child is a trade.
In 1937, due to family difficulties, Wen Tangji sold his 6-year-old son Wen Qiugui to the Liang family for only 12 yuan.
This is another sad story.
It was a wife sale deal he made in 1921. At that time, Wang Dianyuan was living in poverty, and he persuaded his two elder brothers to agree to sell his wife to the Shen family for eight corners and nine points. But there is a problem: Wang Dianyuan's wife gave birth to a son, and the son will definitely only follow his mother, so it is also stipulated that the mother will raise the son for another three years and then return it to Wang Dianyuan's family, and the child's food and clothing expenses for three years are 20,000 yuan.
It is not known why Wang Dianyuan asked his two brothers to sell his wife, but it is believed that he may have mental problems and is unable to make decisions independently.
This banknote differs from other banknotes in that it uses hand and foot stamps, while other banknotes usually have hand stamps.
In 1921, Wang Yinke of Qingshan Village owed the Xia family 5 oceans, and the Xia family was unable to repay it until Wang Yinke returned the money to his daughter Wang Yudi.
It is unclear whether Mr. Wang has returned the money or Mr. Wang's whereabouts.
It was a side agreement signed in 1916, the fifth year of the republic.
At that time,"Effective sales"with"Invalid sales"There is a difference; "Invalid sales"It is a ** trade, and there is no right of redemption after the sale. Effective sales"It is a ** trade, and there is no right of redemption after the sale. Determine the sale"It is a transaction that stipulates the specific time and conditions for the redemption of the shares sold. It's one of a kind"Actual sales"。
His name is Chen Zhengjie, and because of his poor family, he gave his wife Zheng Jiafuxiang 180 taels of silver from the Jia family in Dongzhuang, and let her give birth to a child. The two parties agreed that the Jia family would provide food and clothing for the Zheng family, and the child would be born after 100 days, and the contract would be terminated.
The most unfortunate person in the whole affair was the wife, who was not only bought and sold as a commodity, but also as a tool for bearing children, and it was very ugly to be born without raising them.
This is a deed of sale in the Qing Dynasty, which says that Wang Xiaohua of Yongshun, Hunan Province, was unable to treat his father's illness and sold it to He Decai as a concubine for 25 taels of silver. Unlike other deeds of sale, this one was stamped with the official seal of the village chief, which meant that the deed of sale was officially recognized at that time.
This promissory note is usually made up of:"Ghostwriter"Write, because the seller can't write.
Here are some of the documents related to prostitutes at the time. Judging by the stamps, signatures and regulations, prostitutes were strictly regulated at that time, and the police administration had to issue a license for each prostitute and ask for a guarantor. Of course, collecting taxes is also very important.