didn't come out of five suits, and he was still a relative!
The most common in film and television dramas in the past is: ".Believe it or not, I wiped out your nine tribes"!
So much so that thoseRelatives who can't be beaten by eight poleswere all affected, and finally led to the "annihilation" of this clan.
And we're hereThe familiar five suits, actually, it isThe Nine Tribes of Ancient Times. This makes people wonder, why are they not relatives after five suits? What exactly is Wufu?
- What is the Five Suits? ·】
The term "five suits" was first proposed by Confucianism, and there is a hierarchy in the central idea of Confucianism.
This view was deeply recognized by the emperor, so the system was applied to the political district system, and the "Book of Shang" recorded that the area near the ancient royal city of the Zhou Dynasty, every 500 li, should be represented by Hou, Dian, Sui, Yao, and Huang, at this time"Five suits" is just a unit of measurement.
With the progress of civilization,The term "five suits" has gradually changedWe all know that the ancient hierarchy was very strict.
It has been clearly stated in the Hanshu Geographical ChroniclesAt that time, the meaning of "Wufu" was "the Son of Heaven, the princes, the king, the doctor, and the scholar".This fifth-class suit,The standard, color, color, and pattern of these five types of clothes are used to distinguish themIt is also possible to distinguish the rank of people from the grade of clothes.
But in the mouth of the elderly"Five clothes" is about mourning, and Confucianism attaches great importance to filial pietyIn China's feudal society, the people will distinguish between generations and elders by blood relationsThere are great-grandfathers, great-grandfathers, grandfathers, fathers, themselves, sons, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, and great-great-grandchildren are called the nine clans.
If someone dies in these nine tribes, then the person concerned needs to press the peaceDeceased kinship comes to wear different mourning clothesExpress concern for the deceased by wearing different mourning clothes,".The "five suits" are divided into five levels according to the distance between relatives and relatives, which are "cutting decay, Qi decay, great gong, small gong, and hemp".
Chopping is the coarsest filial piety garment made of raw linen, and it is also the highest level of mourning garment
In general,The relatives who are dressed in the deceased are all people who are directly related to the deceasedIn ancient societies, it was usually the courtier who was the monarch, the wife the husband, and the son the parentPeople who don't have this kind of relationship are not qualified to wear and fall.
It is worth mentioningChopping is a mourning dress that is not sewn and has a bottom. It is not allowed to wear mourning clothes without any accessories, which is done to express mourning for the deceasedThe period of mourning is usually about 3 years.
Qi decay is a mourning dress sewn from burlap, which is one level lighter than the decay, this is because during the mourning period, it will be different depending on the distance between relatives, and it is generally a filial piety dress worn for close relatives other than parentsDifferent dynasties set different times for mourning periods.
There are three types of mourning periods: one year, five months, and three months. Although it is related to the deceased, it is separated by a generationTherefore, the status is relatively low compared to the decay.
Dagong is also known as "big red"., is usedmade of coarse burlap,It is usually worn by cousins or cousins, and although the deceased is not an immediate relative, butHowever, they belong to the closer collateral relatives, and the mourning period is usually about nine months.
And then there's the little work, and this isIt is made with a slightly coarser cooked clothThe colors are relatively vivid, and the texture is lighter and thinner than before.
If you see this kind of mourning dress at the funeral, it means, who was distantly attached to the deceased, the mourning period is naturally not as long as the aboveIt only takes five months or three months.
FinallyIt is the linen dress, which is the lightest of the five mourning clothes, also calledBleaching filial piety, is made from rinsed linen,Usually the grandchildren, great-grandchildren and great-grandchildren of the deceased. AlthoughThey still have a certain blood relationship with the deceased, fromIn a sense, it's relatively thin.
What's even more incredible is thatIn ancient times, it was not allowed to drink alcohol and eat meat during mourningAlsoYou can't take wives and concubines, moreCan't ** thing,You can't visit your friends or go to other people's homes.
InEating and drinking are not allowed three days before the funeralAfter three days, they can start drinking porridge and eating rice, but this is what the courtiers need to do after the king's deathDuring the mourning period, ordinary people are allowed to eat and drink on the day of burial or the next day, but they are not allowed to eat vegetables.
, fromThe hierarchical division of the "five suits" can clearly see the difference between parents and relatives, different levels of mourning clothes represent different degrees of kinship.
In general,The five-service system is a product of the ancient patriarchal ritual system and is of great significance。So how exactly do you tell if a person is a relative of the deceased? Can the division of relatives only be judged by the five suits?
- Why do you pay attention to "out of the five suits is not a relative"? ·
For a lot of people,The difference is not more than five generations of immediate family memberscan be counted within the five suits, but more than five generations can only be counted as clan relatives and clan relatives, why is this? Isn't the family outside the five suits considered relatives of their own family?
ThisIt has a lot to do with the ancient ritual systemIn the ancient Taimiao, a total of seven emperors were enshrined from the top six and ancestors, and those above the sixth generation would be removed from the TaimiaoIn order to allow his father's tablet to enter the temple, Emperor Jiajing changed Zhu Di's temple number from Ming Taizong to Ming ChengzuWhat a painstaking effort! Emperors are still like this, let alone ordinary people?
The reason why the ancients had such a cognition,There are two reasons for thisThe first point is because there is a difference between intimacy and intimacy, many big families in ancient timesThere is still a big difference, Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu during the Three Kingdoms period are good examples.
Yuan Shu is the second son, and Yuan Shao is the eldest son, so in the Yuan family, Yuan Shu's status is higher than Yuan Shao, and it can also be seen in the later developmentThere will also be differences between the children and grandchildren of the two.
SectionThe second point is that the ancients were influenced by the ancient sacrificial and funeral cultureDuring the sacrifice, in addition to worshipping the ancestral graves of several generations, it is also necessary to worship the ancestral graves.
From the first ancestor to the ancestors of several generations, many of the graves of these ancestors are unknown, so in order to make the sacrifice easier,The ancients divided the five suits, and after calculation, the five suits were almost a hundred years, and they could still get together, and if they exceeded, they couldn't get together.
There was a saying among the people:"Five generations are going to move the grave! ”
This sentence is not a representationAfter five generations, the graves of the ancestors will be removedRather, it is said that there is no way for the ancestors of more than five generations to bless the younger generations, soThere is no need to worship againFinish.
It is also because of the above two reasons that there is a saying that the five suits are not relatives, and the remarks have also been recognized by many people, and they are still used in our country until now, so what are the functions of the five suits?
- What is the purpose of the five suits? ·】
In ancient feudal societies,The institution of marriage is practiced as polygamyThis also leads to a large number of people in the family, and the number of members is very large, in order to maintain the stability of the familyThe hierarchical division system of five services came into beingFiveThe inside of the service is pro, and the outside of the five clothes is sparse.
For the ancientsThe five-service system is the embodiment of feudal ideology and family order.
From the beginning of the two Jin periods,Those related to the five suits are applied to the lawEmperor Wen of Jin once clearly stipulated in the law".quasi-five suits to control crime also"., a person commits a crime, the relatives within the five-service relationship will be implicatedThe closer the relationship, the heavier the punishmentThis punishment is called"Sitting".
In the Han Dynasty,When the plaintiff and the defendant are handling the case at the government,**Need to figure out whether there is a kinship between the two, if it is a relative within the five suits, thenand then convict according to what has been committed.
The most important role of the five suits is to avoid the marriage of close relativesBefore the couple is ready to get married, both families will look at the family tree to determine the blood relationshipIf it's a clan relationship, you can't get marriedIf inOutside of the five costumes, the wedding can be held as usual.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were laws that made clear provisions, prohibiting the marriage of close relatives,Such strict regulations are not onlyThe importance of blood is emphasized, the quality of the population is improved, and unnecessary family disputes are reduced.
But in the modern world,Monogamy was practised, and the status of women was elevated, the five suits are obviously redundant,Modern people no longer pay attention to family kinship like the ancients, everyone pays more attention to their own developmentPersonal worth and independence are what modern people are looking for.
——Conclusion·]—
With the changing times,Our understanding of kinship is no longer as important as that of the ancients, but we must know that family affection is an indispensable interpersonal relationship, and we must properly maintain the family relationshipThis is also helpful for my future development!