Why did the people of the Song Dynasty look down on the Han and Tang dynasties? What kind of superiority do they have over Han and Tang?
Today, when we talk about the three dynasties of Han, Tang, and Song, we like to add a prefix after these three dynasties: first the strong Han Dynasty, followed by the prosperous Tang Dynasty, then the angry Song Dynasty, and finally the weakened Song Dynasty, you can also add the Ming Dynasty directly after it.
When modern people compare the dynasties before and after the Song Dynasty, they will naturally come to the conclusion that the Song Dynasty had the smallest territory, the worst level of foreign wars, and the weakest diplomatic ability, and therefore made such a judgment. But the people of the Song Dynasty did not think so, and the only dynasties that can be compared to the Song Dynasty are the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty, which were unified for a relatively long time, while the Qin, Jin and Sui dynasties were unification for a very short time and were almost out of sight.
The attitude of the Song Dynasty towards the two great unified dynasties of the Han and Tang dynasties occurred**, starting from the Northern Song Dynasty, the Song Dynasty respected the Tang Dynasty and the Han Dynasty. The literati and writers before the Northern Song Dynasty believed that this dynasty had been stable for more than a hundred years, and there were no usurpers, no thieves, no harem beauties, no emperors who liked to rob brides, and no eunuchs who liked to find trouble.
The Northern Song Dynasty writer Fan Xiangyu "Tang Jian" said that our dynasty is not like the Tang Dynasty, after a hundred years of turmoil, Zhengtian's reign ended after more than 20 years, because Li Zhi married his stepmother Wu Zhaoyi, which is even more shameful and violates norms and ethics. After Xining Xiunu and Shaosheng Xiunu got married, the Song Dynasty took back the Hehuang region lost by the Tang Dynasty, and the literati of the Song Dynasty were very unhappy. A minister named Zhang Jun even patted Song Zhezong on the back, claiming that the current dynasty was enough to surpass the Han and Tang dynasties, and that the emperors of the current dynasty were saints, and even surpassed the emperors of the Tang Dynasty.
This kind of inexplicable self-confidence, especially because the literati of the Northern Song Dynasty have a kind of spiritual purity, especially after the idea of science gradually began to sprout, the literati of the Song Dynasty despised the literati of the previous generation, the sensitivity of the emperor of the Han Dynasty in the harem did not arise, and there was no morality in society that widows could remarry, Zhuo Wenjun wanted to fall in love freely without the consent of his parents, and I also felt that this Tang Dynasty was even more chaotic, either participating in the turmoil, or being a woman who was a father. Either I like to participate in subversion, or I like to salivate on my father's daughter.
and the dynasty are all physicists, all to"Preserve the principles of heaven and destroy people's desires"For their own sake, they both adopted the ethical stance of Confucianism, and they were both gentlemen, and these two people were considered impure Tang people and decadent Han people. This self-confidence peaked in the late Northern Song Dynasty, but changed after the Jingkang Rebellion. After the Song dynasty moved south, the literati of the Southern Song Dynasty began to envy the unification of the Han and Tang dynasties, and even some people in the Southern Song Dynasty thought that the Eastern Jin Dynasty was not bad, after all, although the Eastern Jin Dynasty also moved south to the palace, but the people were sharp, not like the leaders of the current dynasty, nor like the West Lake from the inside out.
But even after the fall of the Song Dynasty, some of the surviving Southern Song Dynasty people still believed that the Tang Dynasty had an advantage over the Han Dynasty, that is, although the national strength of my Song Dynasty was not good, my lifespan was higher than that of your Tang Dynasty, at least I think so.
Nowadays, people think that the Song Dynasty is not good, not as good as the Tang Dynasty, but the people of the Song Dynasty don't have to think like this, because they still feel that they are superior to the Tang Dynasty in their hearts. However, it may also be human nature, because no one would consider themselves to be living in the worst era, even if it is not actually good.
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