China has grown from weak to strong, and is a world leader in power construction
In 1881, the world's first hydropower station was successfully operated in Niagara Falls, USA, with a capacity of 1470,000 kilowatts, which was 32 times.
What is shocking is that China's electric power ** has been surpassed by a hydropower station in the United States, which is undoubtedly a shocking fact.
Since then, China has brought light to the world's largest population with 100% electricity coverage. This is not only civilian electricity, but also the rise of a large number of factories, the production of military equipment like dumplings, high-speed rail speeding on the ground, and the ...... of large domestic aircraft about to soar into the skyAll of this is supported by a robust power system.
The rapid development of China's electric power is supported by a unique Chinese model. Although China was only seven years behind the West in terms of electricity use, China at that time was "abandoned" for half a century due to the lack of institutional guarantees.
In the late 19th century, China was still under the rule of the Qing Dynasty, and the invasion of colonizers formed a modern semi-colonial and semi-feudal social structure. Without the support of the first country, China could only rely on the advanced technology introduced by the colonizers to develop electricity.
Although China has been developing electricity for 30 years, by the end of the late Qing Dynasty in 1912 and entering the first era, only more than 80 power stations had been built, and the power generation was only one-fifth of that of the United States during the same period.
The weakness of the power infrastructure has severely constrained the development of China's industry and economy. Dr. Sun Yat-sen recognized the importance of power development and put forward the concept of driving power development through infrastructure construction, however, the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Civil War once again hindered the progress of power generation.
For half a century, China's electricity development almost stagnated, however, with the founding of New China in 1949, everything began to change.
At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, in order to put the country's construction on the right track, industrial construction became an indispensable part. The power industry, which is the cornerstone of industrial construction, has begun to work intensively under the guidance of this principle.
However, compared to the developed countries in the West, we are significantly lagging behind in power technology, and they will not easily provide us with technical assistance. In this case, we can only speed up our pace and seek outside help.
And the USSR, as our ally, naturally became our first choice. After in-depth research and confirmation, we decided to introduce the heavy industrial forces of the Soviet Union and launch a charge of power construction while developing infrastructure.
In order to effectively manage and coordinate the country's power resources, the first step is to realize the "nationalization" of electricity, and the state forces will take over different power units in various places in a unified manner, forming a vertical monopoly and a model of integration of government and enterprises.
To this end, the state has set up the Ministry of Fuel Industry to carry out unified management and allocation of coal, oil and other power sources across the country.
The reform after 1978 has led to the rapid development of China's power scale. From 1949 to 1950, in just one year, China's total annual power generation reached 5.7 billion kilowatt hours, surpassing the highest output in history during the first period.
By 1953, China's total power generation exceeded 10 billion kilowatt hours for the first time, more than double that of 1949.
After electricity** is no problem, a new challenge arises – autonomous electricity. If the Soviet Union suddenly had problems or stopped providing assistance, would China's construction stall as a result?
China has made a difficult decision to develop electricity with the determination of "a strong man breaking his wrist". In 1955, through the study of Soviet technology, China independently developed the first 6,000 kWh wheel gas generator set, after which independent power plants sprung up in the eastern regions, and China gradually got rid of its dependence on Soviet technology.
In 1949, China's power network can be described as an "island", with only 6,475 meters of transmission lines above 35 thousand volts. But by 1978, the national power grid had begun to take shape, the eastern region had built a complete inter-provincial power grid, and even Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and other remote southwest regions had established their own small power grids.
China's electricity reform has made a major breakthrough and achieved basic freedom of electricity. However, due to the rapid growth of our population, although the power generation is large, it is still unable to meet the needs of the people and industry.
This awkward production model has led to a situation where "excess electricity is wasted and there is a lack of electricity". As a result, the company made the difficult decision to liberalize the power generation sector and adopted a series of measures, such as the Lump Sum Responsibility System and the Raising of Funds to Run Electricity, to stimulate the vitality of the electricity market.
While these reforms pose some challenges, they bring more freedom and flexibility to China's power system.
After the reform and opening up, China gradually realized the importance of manufacturing, attracting a large number of foreign investment and local enterprises to settle down. However, the eastern region is saturated with electricity demand and cannot meet the growing demand.
In order to solve this problem, China has launched the "West-to-East Power Transmission" project, which aims to transport electricity from the north to the south and from the west to the east across 1,000 kilometers.
In order to achieve this goal, we introduced the "UHV" transmission technology that even the United States cannot play, and in just three years, the first 750kV AC transmission project was built.
What's even more exciting is that in 2010, we successfully built the world's first UHV transmission line of more than 2,000 kilometers, completely solving the problem of unbalanced electricity consumption between the east and west in China.
2011 was a historic moment for China's electric power, because from that year on, China finally surpassed the United States in terms of electricity generation and became the world's first. Today, China is unique in the field of UHV technology, and has formulated a series of international and national standards, industry and enterprise standards.
This set of standards is used all over the world, and China's supremacy in the field of UHV technology is unrivaled.
On a global scale, there are many similarities between the way our country's electricity is developed and that of another country, India. India started late and had a poor foundation, and in the early days adopted a vertically integrated national natural monopoly business model, which strictly restricted foreign investment and private participation in the electricity market competition.
However, India's electricity** has been a long-standing problem, with about a quarter of its residents still without access to electricity until 2012, forcing many people to "steal electricity" by wiring their own wiring, especially in northern India.
Compared with India, our domestic power development is particularly unique and rare. Today, we live in China, which is full of warmth, brightness, and free access to the Internet, and we have to pay high tribute to the efforts made by the country and the pioneers of electric power for more than 100 years.