Table Comparison of graphite anode materials and silicon-based anode materials.
Due to its extremely high energy density (theoretical specific capacity of 4200mAh g, which is 10 times that of graphite anode materials), silicon materials are expected to become the mainstream direction of the research and development of anode materials for the next generation of high-energy-density lithium batteries due to their high capacity and long service life.
With Tesla, CATL and other companies successively mass-producing high-density power battery products using silicon carbon anode, the demand for silicon carbon anode is blowing out, and the global demand for silicon-based anode is expected to reach 200,000 tons in 2025, and silicon-based anode materials have become a hot spot in the industry layout.
Below, we have counted the relevant enterprises that have laid out silicon-based anode materials: (If there is any omission, please add!) ）
Beiteri
Founded in August 2000, beiteri New Materials Group Co., Ltd. is a specialized manufacturer of cathode and anode materials for lithium-ion secondary batteries, and its core products are lithium-ion battery anode materials, cathode materials and graphene materials, among which anode products include natural graphite, artificial graphite, silicon-based and other new anode materials. It is understood that as the first large-scale mass production of silicon-based anode enterprises in China, it has entered the Panasonic-Tesla and Samsung chains.
Since 2006, beiteri has been carrying out the technical research and development of silicon-based anode materials, and the technical route includes silicon-oxygen anode materials and silicon-carbon anode materials, the specific capacity of the third-generation silicon-carbon anode materials has been increased to 1500mAh g, and the specific capacity of some products of silicon-oxygen anode materials has also reached more than 1600mAh g. At present, it has a production capacity of 060,000 tons per year, with a production capacity of 40,000 tons under construction, is expected to be completed and put into operation by the end of December 2023 with an annual output of 150,000 tons, and full production will be achieved by 2028.
Official website:
Figure Beiteri's silicon carbon and silicon oxygen anode materials.
Shanshan shares
Founded in 1992, Ningbo Shanshan Co., Ltd. is the world's leading comprehensive supplier of lithium battery materials, covering lithium battery cathode materials, anode materials and electrolytes. Among them, lithium battery anode material products include artificial graphite, natural graphite, mesophase carbon microspheres, composite graphite and silicon-based anode materials.
In terms of silicon-based anode materials, Shanshan Co., Ltd. has mastered the core technology of batch synthesis of precursors of silicon-based anode materials, broken through the technical bottleneck of embedding uniformity of pre-lithiated silicon materials, and can provide high-capacity, high-first-effect, long-cycle silicon-oxygen composite materials, as well as high-rate performance silicon-carbon composite materials.
The silicon-based anode is mainly silicon oxide, and a production line with a monthly output of 20 tons of silicon and oxygen products was built in 2019, and the shipment volume in 2021 will be about 100 tons; The planned production capacity is 40,000 tons per year of silicon-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, the first phase of 10,000 tons is planned to be put into operation in 23 years, and the second phase of 30,000 tons is expected to be put into operation by the end of 2025.
Official website:
Figure: Shanshan Co., Ltd. silicon oxygen silicon carbon anode products **Shanshan Co., Ltd. official website, Cinda**.
Yuling New Energy
Among them, silicon-oxycarbon-sio@c adopts the "low lithium consumption" technology based on controlling oxygen content and optimizing structural morphology, combined with carbon coating to improve electronic conductivity, stabilize the chemical and electrochemical reaction interface, and improve the structural stability of the material, so as to achieve the purpose of high first effect and long cycle. This technology is safer, easier to process, more convenient to store, and less expensive than "pre-lithiation" technology. The company actively gives full play to its technical advantages, adopts differentiated competition, and matches products with different specific capacity levels according to market demand, which are low-end (capacity 420-650 mAh g), mid-end (capacity 650-1000 mAh g), and high-end (capacity above 1000 mAh g). It has truly achieved market-oriented, customer-centric "private customization". The customized development of silicon-based anode can greatly enhance the overall technical strength of the domestic industrial chain in this field, and seize the opportunity for China in the iterative upgrading of next-generation battery technology.
Official website:Putailai
Founded in November 2012 [GF]2F49[GF], Putai Laicheng[GF]2F74[GF] is committed to becoming the world's leading comprehensive solution provider of key materials and automation equipment for new energy batteries, with its main business covering anode materials and graphitization, membrane materials and coating, automation equipment, etc.
PTL has corresponding R&D and technical layout in the fields of new anode technology, such as silicon carbon, silicon oxygen, hard carbon and other fields. In terms of silicon-oxygen anode materials, PTL has received silicon-oxygen orders from customers, and some large customers are also actively evaluating and planning to further expand production in Liyang, Jiangsu and Fengxin, Jiangxi; The product positioning of silicon carbon anode is the 3rd generation anode silicon technology, meteorological CVD nano-silicon doped graphite or hard carbon technology, the product has completed the early stage of small test and sample delivery, and is currently building a pilot production line, which is expected to be completed in mid-2023, and start to build mass production capacity according to customer needs.
Official website:
Figure: Putailai silicon carbon and silicon oxygen anode materials.
Shenghua New Materials
Founded in 2002, Shenghua New Materials Group Co., Ltd. is a leading electrolyte solvent enterprise in China. At the same time of the integrated layout of electrolyte, Shenghua New Materials is also constantly enriching the product matrix of lithium battery materials, and has now laid out lithium battery materials such as silicon-based anode materials, power battery additives, and new conductive agents.
In terms of silicon-based anode materials, Shenghua New Materials has a certain amount of technology accumulation, realizes the comprehensive layout of the fourth-generation silicon carbon anode technology, and has built a production capacity of 1,000 tons of silicon carbon anode materials per year; At present, it is planning to build a new production capacity of 50,000 tons per year, of which the 20,000-ton annual silicon-based anode production capacity of the subsidiary Dongying Shenghuaying Innovative Materials is expected to be completed and put into operation by the end of 2023, and the 30,000-ton annual silicon-based anode production capacity of the joint venture subsidiary Shenghua New Material Technology (Meishan) is expected to be put into operation in April 2024.
Official website:Xiang Fenghua
Founded in June 2009, Shenzhen Xiangfenghua New Energy Materials Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise integrating R&D, production and sales of high-end graphite, silicon-carbon anode materials and graphene and other new carbon materials for lithium-ion batteries.
In the field of anode materials, the company has formed a relatively complete product line, adheres to the technical route of paying equal attention to artificial graphite and natural graphite, and actively develops new carbon anode material solutions.
Official website: Figure Xiangfenghua silicon carbon and silicon oxygen anode materials.
Silicon Treasure Technology
Founded in 1998, Chengdu Silicon Treasure Technology Co., Ltd. is mainly engaged in the research and development and production of new materials such as organic silicon sealants, and actively lays out the new energy and lithium battery materials industries, vigorously develops silicon carbon anode materials, and gradually forms a dual-main business development model.
As early as 2016, Silicon Treasure Technology began to lay out the field of silicon carbon anode materials. In 2019, a 50-ton annual trial production line was built, and the products have passed the evaluation of several battery manufacturers and achieved small batch supply. In 2021, a wholly-owned subsidiary, Silicon Treasure (Meishan) New Energy Materials, will be established, with a total planned investment of 5600 million yuan, new 10,000 tons of silicon carbon anode materials for lithium batteries and other projects.
Official website: Figure Silicon carbon anode material of Silicon Treasure Technology.
Figure On December 2, 2021, Silicon Treasure Technology's "50,000-ton annual silicon carbon anode material and special adhesive project for lithium batteries" officially landed in Meishan.
Tianmu Pioneer
Founded in 2017, Liyang Tianmu Pilot Battery Material Technology Co., Ltd. focuses on the R&D, production and sales of high-end nano-silicon-based anodes, solid-state electrolytes, graphite anodes, sodium-ion anodes and other materials for lithium-ion batteries. According to the official website, Tianmu Pioneer's products have entered the stage of full-scale mass production, with an annual production capacity of 8,000 tons, which can meet the needs of high-performance lithium-ion batteries with energy densities higher than 300Wh kg and 700Wh L.
At present, it is still expanding: in April 2022, Tianmu Pilot Nano Silicon-based Anode Project started in Liyang, with a total investment of 2 billion yuan, and the first phase of the project investment of 1 billion yuan, which can produce 50,000 tons of new nano-silicon-based anode products annually after reaching production; In December 2022, Tianmu Pioneer signed a contract with Chengdu for the new high-end nano-silicon anode material southwest base project, and plans to invest 5 billion yuan to build a southwest production base with an annual output of 3,000 tons of high-end nano-silicon materials, 100,000 tons of high-end silicon-based anode materials and 30,000 tons of new nano-silicon materials.
Official website: Figure Tianmu Lead's second-generation silicon oxide anode material (high first effect).
Figure Tianmu leading nano-silicon-carbon composite anode material.
Kaijin Energy
Founded in 2012, Guangdong Kaijin New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. focuses on the research and development, production and sales of lithium-ion battery anode materials such as carbon anode and silicon anode.
Kaijin New Energy's silicon-based anode materials are mainly concentrated in two aspects: silicon oxide and nano-silicon, and have a mature mass production technology route in this technical field. The silicon oxide anode material has been developed to the third generation, and the first efficiency has been increased from 77% (capacity 1600 mAh g) of the first generation to 90% (capacity 1400 mAh g) of the third generation. The nano-silicon anode material has also been developed to the third generation, with a capacity of 1500mAh g and an efficiency of 87% for the first time.
As of December 2021, Kaijin New Energy has an annual production capacity of 300 tons of silicon-based anode materials, and has achieved batch shipments to well-known customers such as CATL.
Official website: Figure Kaijin Energy silicon anode material.
Jereh shares
Founded in 1999, Jereh is a leading private oil service company and was listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2010.
In 2021, Jereh implemented the dual business strategy of "oil and gas industry" and "new energy industry", and is committed to the production and manufacturing of cutting-edge materials for new energy lithium batteries. In September 2021, the "Announcement on the Proposed Investment in the Integration Project of Anode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries" was issued, officially entering the field of lithium batteries.
On March 11, 2022, Jereh started construction of a 100,000-ton lithium battery anode material project in Tianshui, Gansu Province, with a planned production capacity of 100,000 tons of artificial graphite and 20,000 tons of silicon carbon and silicon oxygen anode materials, which is expected to be completed in September and put into trial operation by the end of the year.
On November 30, 2022, Jereh New Energy, a subsidiary, held a signing ceremony for a strategic cooperation agreement with Jiageng Innovation Lab, to establish a joint venture company to jointly promote the R&D and production of pure silicon carbon products, pure silicon oxide products and silicon-based composite anode materials.
Official website:Zhongke Electric
Hunan Zhongke Electric Co., Ltd. was established in April 2004, and its main business covers magnetoelectric equipment and new energy lithium battery anode materials. Among them, lithium battery anode products include natural graphite, artificial graphite, as well as new anode materials such as silicon carbon, silicon oxygen, soft carbon, and hard carbon.
Zhongke Electric also has technology and related product accumulation in silicon-based anode, and has completed the construction of pilot production line, and has products sent to customers for sample testing.
Official website: Figure Zhongke Electric anode product research and development in multiple directions and simultaneous layout (part of the research and development projects and performance) *Company announcement, Huafu**.
Gotion Hi-Tech
Founded in 2006, Gotion Hi-Tech is one of the earliest enterprises engaged in the independent research and development, production and sales of power batteries for new energy vehicles in China. The company's main products are lithium iron phosphate materials, battery cells, battery packs, etc., which are widely used in pure electric vehicles, energy storage and other fields.
In terms of silicon-based anode materials, Gotion Hi-Tech has mastered key technologies such as surface modification of silicon-based anode materials and material pre-lithiation, and currently has a production capacity of 5,000 tons of silicon-carbon anode materials.
Official website:Xin'an shares
As a leading enterprise in the production of herbicide glyphosate and organosilicon monomer in China, Xin'an Co., Ltd. has continuously extended its existing production capacity and technology to the field of new energy materials in recent years.
In addition, on January 3, Xin'an Co., Ltd. disclosed its external acquisition plan, planning to acquire 55% of the shares of Jincan Technology, a lithium-ion battery anode material company. The acquisition will help Xin'an accelerate the strategic layout of the new energy track and expand the application, research and development and industrialization capabilities of anode materials.
Official website:Golden Silicon Technology
Founded in 2020, Hunan Golden Silicon Technology Co., Ltd. is a high-tech enterprise specializing in R&D, production and sales of graphite, silicon-based anode materials and precursors for high-performance lithium batteries.
In terms of silicon-based anode products, the silicon oxide precursor developed by Jinsilicon Technology has the advantages of amorphous state, low impurity content, and low manufacturing cost, and is the core raw material of silicon oxide carbon composite anode; Its silicon oxide carbon composite anode products have the characteristics of high capacity, high first effect, high rate, long cycle, etc., with a gram capacity of 1650mAh g and a first efficiency of more than 94%, which can meet the requirements of 8C discharge and more than 1500 cycles, and the product performance is in a leading position in the world.
At present, the annual output of 11,000 tons of lithium-ion battery anode material project, the first phase of 10,000 tons of graphite anode production line and 1,000 tons of silicon oxide precursor production line have reached production in September 2022, and the second phase plans to build a 10,000 tons of pure silicon anode production line in the 'China Carbon Valley Industrial Park' to achieve an annual production capacity of more than 100,000 tons of silicon-carbon composite anode, and it is planned to achieve full production in 2025.
Official website: Figure Golden Silicon Technology silicon oxide anode product types and parameters.
Shin-Etsu Chemical
Shin-Etsu Chemical is mainly engaged in semiconductor, silicone and polymer industries, and has an industry-leading number of patents for silicon-oxygen anodes. Silicon-based materials such as SiO (silicon monoxide) are cathode materials for high-capacity, high-power lithium-ion batteries, and Shin-Etsu has succeeded in imparting conductivity to SiO particles through its unique method, making it practical as an anode material for high-capacity, high-output lithium-ion batteries.
Official website: Figure KSC series silicon-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
Japan Showa Denko (Hitachi Chemical).
Showa Denko is mainly engaged in the lithium battery industry, mainly engaged in electrode additives, anode materials, aluminum plastic film and other businesses. Among them, anode materials have always been the key direction of Showa Denko's layout: after Showa Denko acquired the German SGL Group in 2017, it became the world's largest manufacturer of artificial graphite electrodes; In 2020, Showa Electric acquired Hitachi Chemical, a Japanese manufacturer of anode materials. Hitachi Chemical is currently one of the world's largest silicon carbon materials companies, and its main silicon-based anode material is composed of artificial graphite and 10% silicon carbon material, with a specific capacity of more than 550 mAh g.
Official website:Korea Daju Electronics
Founded in 1981, Korea Dazhou is the largest silicon anode manufacturer in South Korea, through the uniform control of silicon particles and silicate nanoparticles in the three-dimensional nanostructure, silicon composite oxide is obtained, and then added to the existing carbon-based anode material (5 25wt%), the anode capacity is greatly increased from 350mAh G to 400 600mAh g, the product brand is DMSO, including DMSO HXX and DMSO HCE 8516 series.
According to South Korea**, Dazhou Electronics plans to expand the existing 2,000-ton-per-year silicon anode composite oxide production line to 10,000 tons by the end of 2024, expand its production capacity to 20,000 tons by 2025, and expand to 40,000 tons by 2027 to meet the growth of market demand.
It is understood that Dazhou Electronics began to provide LG Energy Solution** silicon anode materials in 2019, and silicon anode products are also used in Hyundai Motor's IONiQ6.
Official website: Figure Specifications of Dazhou Electronics DMSO HXX and DMSO HCE 8516 series products.
American group 14 company
Founded in 2016, Group 14 Technologies focuses on the R&D and production of silicon carbon anode materials for power batteries, and its flagship product SCC55[GF]2122[ GF] is a stable silicon carbon composite anode with five times the capacity of traditional graphite anode for lithium batteries, with 50% higher energy density, and its unique hard carbon-based bracket keeps silicon in its most ideal form - amorphous, nanoscale and carbon encapsulated, Exhibits excellent first-time efficiency and cycle life when cycling in lithium-ion batteries.
SCC55[GF]2122[GF] is fully compatible with graphite and can increase energy density by up to 30% after 1000 cycles, even at a 20% mixing ratio.
In April 2021, it launched its first BAM plant in Washington, D.C., with an annual output of 120 tons of silicon-carbon composite anode material SCC55[GF]2122[GF]. To meet the rapidly growing demand from global battery manufacturers and automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), Group14 is actively building BAM plants around the world, and is currently planning to build two more BAM plants in South Korea (in a joint venture with SK Inc) and Washington, D.C., which will produce 12,000 tons or more of SCC55[GF]2122[GF] per year.
Official website: Figure SCC55[GF]2122[ GF] provides lithium batteries with high first-cycle efficiency comparable to graphite anode and superior to other technologies on the market, such as silicon oxide (SIOX)).
American Amprius
Founded in 2008, Amprius is a company that develops ultra-high energy density lithium-ion batteries and their silicon nanowire anodes, and is known for its 100 silicon nanowire technology. By growing the directionally arranged silicon nanowires in situ on the surface of the current collector to form the anode of the silicon nanoarray, the failure of conventional silicon particles caused by large volume changes in the lithium deintercalation process is avoided. The gram capacity of silicon nanowires reaches 3400mAh g, and the first efficiency reaches more than 94%, and the silicon nanowires with array structure are very favorable in terms of mechanical stability and mass transfer in the electrochemical process.
Figure Amprius silicon nanowire anode structure and its gram capacity and cycling performance.
Official website: Amprius entered China in 2012 and set up Nanjing Amprius*** to carry out a series of research and development and deep ploughing technology around the silicon material system, focusing on silicon anode products - "HESO", which can now achieve a reversible capacity of 1400mAh G, and the first efficiency can reach 93% under 2V conditions.
On November 8, 2022, the first phase of the 20,000-ton new silicon anode material production base project of Boselis (Nanjing)** located in Lujiang, Hefei was put into operation, with a production capacity of 400 tons of pure HESO materials per year, and it is expected to reach full production in early 2025.
Figure Pure HESO material capacity planning.
SILA NANO, USA
Founded in 2011, SILA Nano is positioned as "only making anode materials for battery cells, not cells", focusing on the research and development of silicon anode materials. Unlike the current mainstream anode technology in which part of silicon is incorporated into graphite, SILA Nano aims to replace 100% of the graphite in the anode with silicon, that is, an "all-silicon anode material".
The sila nano all-silicon anode material adopts a nano-microporous structure, which can accommodate more lithium ions, thereby increasing the energy density of the cell, which can increase the energy density of the cell by 20-40%. In addition, SILA silicon anode materials are fully compatible with existing battery manufacturing processes and plants, accommodating expansion to maintain cycle and lifetime, charging performance, and safety.
In May 2022, Mercedes-Benz entered into a partnership with SILA Nano to apply the high-silicon-based anode material developed by SILA to the Mercedes-Benz G-Class electric vehicle to be launched in 2025.
Official website: Figure sila silicon anode material.
Figure SILA silicon anode material will significantly increase the energy density (Wh L) of lithium batteries
American enevate
Founded in 2005, Enevate is dedicated to promoting the application of silicon-based anodes in new lithium-ion batteries.
Enevate's XFC-EnergyTM anode uses more than 70% pure elemental silicon. Self-supporting and integral anodes are adhesive-free and porous. Enevate's silicon-dominated anode material has a usable specific capacity of about 3,000 mAh g, which is almost an order of magnitude higher than the traditional graphite batteries used in today's electric vehicles. The Enevate silicon anode has an initial coulombic efficiency of 93%, and the coulombic efficiency during cycling is similar to that of a conventional graphite cell.
In addition, lithium-ion batteries with XFC-EnergyTM technology have a lower material cost than conventional lithium-ion batteries and can be charged in as little as 5 minutes.
Official website: Figure XFC-EnergyTM negative electrode.
Canadian neo battery
neo battery materials ltd.Headquartered in Vancouver, Canada, it focuses on lithium-ion battery materials for electric vehicles and energy storage applications.
NEO focuses on the production of silicon anode materials NBMSIDE through its proprietary single-step nano-coating process, with the NBMSIDE-P100, NBMSIDE-P200 and NBMSIDE-C100 all manufactured using NEO's proprietary nano-coating technology based on a purity of at least 9995% metallurgical grade silicon. Neo's products all achieve an initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) of >86% and a high specific capacity (>2500 mAh g). In addition, when NEO's silicon is mixed with an existing graphite anode, 92% or higher ICE can be obtained. Compared to conventional metallurgical silicon-based particles, NEO's technology significantly improves service life and cycle stability. The company plans to achieve semi-commercial-scale production of these materials by the end of 2022.
On January 17, 2023, NEO announced that it has been approved to build a silicon anode plant in Pyeongtaek, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea, with an initial capacity of 240 tons per year, capable of generating up to 160,000 electric vehicles** silicon anodes, with NEO planning to target a mature capacity of at least 2,000 tons per year.
On January 25, 2022, NEO announced that it will establish a U.S. subsidiary, NBM America Ltd., in Februaryto expand your U.S. business.
Official website: Information**: Lithium Battery Industry Pass.