I. Introduction.
Red grapes, as a high-quality grape variety, are widely welcomed by consumers because of their sweet taste and sufficient moisture. In order to grow high-quality red grapes, scientific cultivation methods and techniques are indispensable. This article will introduce in detail the cultivation methods and techniques of red grapes, in order to provide a useful reference for fruit growers.
Second, the choice of planting site.
Choosing the right place to grow is the key to the success of red grape growing. Red grapes are adaptable, but in order to obtain high-quality fruits, it is advisable to choose land with loose, well-drained soil rich in organic matter. At the same time, make sure that the land is well lit, which is conducive to the accumulation of sugar in the grapes and the coloring of the fruit.
3. Land preparation and fertilization.
Before planting, the soil is leveled by deep ploughing, removing weeds and stones. Combined with land preparation, apply an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer, such as well-rotted farmhouse fertilizer, to increase soil fertility. According to the land conditions, 5-10 tons of farmhouse fertilizer can be applied per mu, and an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer can be used to meet the nutritional needs of grape growth.
Fourth, seedling selection and treatment.
Choosing healthy grape seedlings is the key to successful planting. Seedlings with well-developed root systems, full buds, and no diseases and pests should be selected. Before planting, the seedlings are properly pruned, removing excess shoots and leaves, and retaining the main vine and 2-3 plump buds. The seedlings were soaked and disinfected with agents such as carbendazim or methyl tobuzin to improve the survival rate.
5. Planting and management.
After the soil thaws in spring, plant it, dig a planting hole, put the seedlings into the hole, keep the root system stretched, and fill the soil compact. Fill the soil with enough water to keep the soil moist. In the process of seedling growth, timely management such as budding, topping, and vine binding should be carried out to control the growth of seedlings and promote fruit development. At the same time, pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases, regularly inspect leaves and branches, and take timely control measures when pests and diseases are found.
6. Fertilization and irrigation.
Proper fertilization and irrigation are important guarantees for the growth of red grapes. During the growing season, fertilizer is applied in time according to the growth of the grapes to meet their needs for rapid growth. The fertilizer is mainly rotted organic fertilizer, and compound fertilizer is appropriately used. Follow the principle of "small amount and many times" to avoid excessive fertilization and root burning. At the same time, irrigate reasonably according to soil moisture and weather conditions to keep the soil moist. During the fruit ripening period, proper control of water content** is conducive to improving fruit quality.
7. Pruning and harvesting.
Pruning is an important part of red grape growing. Proper pruning can regulate the nutrient distribution of the tree, promote fruit development and improve quality. When pruning in winter, remove diseased branches, crossed branches and overly dense branches to keep the tree ventilated and light-transmitting. In the growing season, carry out operations such as bud wiping, topping, and sub-shoot removal to control the growth of the tree and improve the yield and quality of fruits.
When the grapes are fully ripe, they are harvested. Harvest should be done in sunny weather to avoid rain or mechanical damage. After harvesting, the fruits are screened and treated, diseased and rotten fruits are removed, and packaged and stored. The storage environment should be kept dry and well ventilated, avoiding high temperatures and humidity.
8. Summary. There are many aspects to the cultivation methods and techniques of red grapes. From the selection of planting sites to the harvesting and storage of fruits, every step is related to the final fruit quality. Through scientific management and reasonable operation, high-quality red grapes can be grown. I hope this article will be helpful to fruit growers, improve the yield and quality of red grapes, and obtain better economic benefits.