Yehenara (1835-1908) was a native of Manchuria with the Blue Banner. The concubine of Emperor Xianfeng, the biological mother of Emperor Tongzhi, was in charge of the late Qing Dynasty for 48 years, and was known as the Empress Dowager Cixi.
On November 3, 1908 (the tenth day of the tenth lunar month), Cixi's 73rd birthday, the best chef in Beijing cooked more than 100 good dishes for her, and Cixi was in high spirits and drank a few glasses of wine. The next day, Cixi began to have diarrhea and became increasingly exhausted, but she still held on to her authority and did not let go.
On November 14, Emperor Guangxu, who had been imprisoned in Yingtai for 10 years after the Wuxu coup, died at the age of 38. Cixi made Puyi, who was less than 3 years old, emperor, and Puyi's father, Prince Alcohol Zaifeng, was the regent.
On November 15, the day after the death of Emperor Guangxu, Cixi died, and her last words said: "After that, women should not hear about state affairs." ”
The death of Emperor Guangxu has become a historical mystery, some people say that he died of illness, some people say that he died of starvation, and some people say that Cixi was afraid that after his death, Emperor Guangxu would return to power, and instructed people to poison him.
In 2008, the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau organized relevant experts to use neutron activation experimental methods to find high levels of arsenic trioxide (i.e., arsenic) in the bones, hair, and clothing of Emperor Guangxu, and determined that Emperor Guangxu died of poisoning.
Grandma Zhao, who believes in Jesus, is soft-hearted, and she asks Huaijin to do it when she kills chickens and ducks. After Huaijin learned to be an executioner with Zhang Zhengjing, he was also happy to try his hand at cutting off the head of a chicken and a duck.
Grandma Zhao likes to talk about forgiveness the most, but once told us a story about the Empress Dowager Cixi who did not forgive.
It happened in the fifth year of Tongzhi (1866), when Emperor Tongzhi was only 11 years old, and the major affairs of the state were decided by Cixi, who listened to the government.
Zheng Hanzhen, a martial artist in Hanchuan, Hubei, and his wife Huang and mother-in-law Chen were at odds and often quarreled. The contradiction between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law is a problem for the ages, and those who are officials are most afraid of dealing with this kind of housework. On this day, Huang and his mother-in-law quarreled again, arguing and arguing. Zheng Hanzhen was afraid of his wife, and he felt even more sorry for his wife, and when he saw that his wife's face was caught by his mother, he picked up the bench and knocked his mother to the ground. The Chinese pay attention to governing the country with filial piety, and scolding their parents must be punished as the crime of unfilial piety, Zheng Hanzhen actually knocked his mother to the ground, naturally someone wanted to meddle in things, and quietly sued the county government. Beat parents, according to the law should be beheaded, but the magistrate generally does not investigate, the person who should be beheaded, must be reported to the emperor for approval, and the people are not filial, dig deeper, but also the parents and officials have no way to teach, and there are many unfilial sons under the rule, which will inevitably affect their own progress, so as long as it does not cause serious consequences, the magistrate is too lazy to care. Unfortunately, on that day, the governor of Huguang, Guan Wen, happened to be inspecting Hanchuan, and he was about to find a case and make a show of sympathy for the people, so he immediately ordered Zheng Hanzhen and his family to be arrested.
Unfilial piety is one of the ten felonies that must be severely punished, and the official document quickly ascertained the facts of the case, sentenced Zheng Hanzhen and his wife to be executed, and reported to the emperor.
Cixi has not been listening to politics for a few years at this time, she needs to establish her prestige, and she needs to tell her 11-year-old emperor's son that she must listen to her mother in everything, she has read the verdict from Hubei, and said: "The matter can't be handled so simply, Zheng Hanzhen and the Huang family's disobedience is by no means a matter of one or two days, neighbors, uncles and brothers, family elders and local parents, why is there no one to take care of it?" Filial piety is the foundation of governing the country, this matter must be handled strictly, and relevant people must be responsible for their own indifference, and no one is allowed to let go! ”
As a result, the Zheng family's family dispute became a big case that caused a sensation across the country, and the results were as follows:
Zheng Hanzhen and Huang first paraded through the streets of the four counties, and then escorted them back to Hanchuan, skinned them alive, made them into specimens, and hung them at the gate of the county seat.
The patriarch of the Zheng clan taught his children and grandchildren ineffectively and hanged.
Uncle Zheng Hanzhen, beheaded.
Zheng Hanzhen's brothers and sisters, hanging.
The mother of the Huang family tattooed the words "adopted daughter does not teach" on her face and showed it to the seven provinces.
The father of the Huang family, eighty rods, exiled for three thousand miles.
The local armor and the neighbors, who did not report it, had eighty rods, and filled the army in the Wulong River.
Zheng Hanzhen's martial arts**, did not teach his disciples filial piety, sixty rods, and exiled for thousands of miles.
The prefect of Hanchuan County and the prefect of Hanyang failed to fulfill the responsibility of education and were dismissed.
Hanchuan County stopped the civil and military imperial examination for three years.
Zheng Hanzhen's mother, Chen, was in charge of the Hubei political envoy in her later years, giving one liter of rice and one penny of silver every day.
Zheng Hanzhen's nine-month-old son was raised by Hanchuan County and renamed Xueshan.
The details of this case were engraved by the Governor of Huguang, and he traveled all over the provinces and told the world that if there were any cases of disobedience in various places, he would handle them accordingly.
It's a heart-warming story, I remember that I often made my mother angry when I was naughty, and I felt very guilty in my heart, so I poured a glass of water for my mother.
Huai Jin often listened to his grandmother read the scriptures and wrote down a few sentences, he said: "Grandma, doesn't the book of Proverbs say that 'it is your own glory to forgive the faults of others'? The Queen Mother used the topic to play and kill people indiscriminately, why do you approve of it? ”
Grandma Zhao said: "I don't approve of killing, but I am in favor of punishing evil." Moreover, the fifth of the Ten Commandments says, 'Honor your parents,' and whoever does not honor his parents should be ashamed and ashamed of his deeds. Everything works together, and the mission of those who seem innocent and unjustly killed may be to teach people how to honor their parents and love each other. ”
Some say that the fall of the Qing Dynasty began with the abolition of the imperial examinations, because it blocked the upward path of scholars and opened the door for them to rebel. Throughout the dynasties, most of the rebels were farmers and soldiers, because they could not eat enough, they were impulsive, and they rose up, once they were full, they did not want to forge ahead, and when they met a strong enemy, they scattered in a hurry, although they were menacing, but it was difficult to succeed in the end. As weak scholars, they can't wield knives and guns, but the words they write with soft brushes are more terrible than knives and guns, setting off wave after wave of rebellion.
Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao, Sun Yat-sen, Huang Xing, Zhang Taiyan, Cai Yuanpei and other scholars went into exile, or used a pen as a gun, wrote articles and the Manchu Qing ** shout, or waved the flag and shouted, advocating an uprising, in the 1907 Zhennanguan Uprising, Sun Yat-sen even came to the fort and fired at the Qing Dynasty.
The most taboo of the authorities are those who are silent and don't know what they are thinking, they look like they are gentle, they are satisfied with their well-off life, and they are polite when they see the people in the government, but they have a backbone in their hearts. For such a person, the emperor will not show mercy, rather kill by mistake, than miss to kill, Yongzheng four years (1726), Jiangxi Township test master examination of the Si Ting to the "Book of Songs" verse "Wei Min stopped" as the examination question, some people will "Wei Zhi" two words interpreted as "Yongzheng" beheading, Yongzheng was furious, the Cha Si Court was full of beheading.
Half-minded scholars have always been a big trouble for those in power, killing one when they see one.
Huaijin's teacher Zhao Xiucai did not have two intentions, his "Weeping Blood and Asking for a Resumption of the Imperial Examination Book", every word rendered the emperor's fierce loyalty, but because it was out of time, he was still killed.
There is a Ma Fengjia in Chashan Pass, Xiucai in the same year as Zhao Xiucai, the two have a close relationship, Zhao Xiucai wrote "Crying Blood and Asking for a Return to the Imperial Examination Book", the first reader is Ma Fengjia, he agreed, and revised a few of the sentences. When Zhao Xiucai was killed because of "Crying Blood and Asking for a Resumption of the Imperial Examination", Ma Fengjia went to the execution ground to see him off, and wrote a few poems to cry Zhao Xiucai after he went back.
Ma Fengjia was originally also a private school teacher, after the abolition of the imperial examination, he was also very depressed for a while, but he was a cautious person, he did not expect to resume the imperial examination like Zhao Xiucai, and did not dare to participate in the revolution like my father.
Xin'an is only separated from Hong Kong by a river, so it is convenient to come and go, and people often bring Hong Kong's revolutionary newspapers over. Ma Fengjia read those newspapers, was a little excited, and sighed, so he also wrote an article, and sent it to the Hong Kong newspaper while he published it, and there was even a manuscript fee, and the more Ma Fengjia wrote, the more excited he became.
Ma Fengjia knew that his article was rebellious, but he was afraid of getting into trouble, so he used a pseudonym when he published it.
But the reader has a problem, he can't help but show off his proud works, and slowly, Ma Fengjia's friends and students know that Ma Fengjia often publishes articles in Hong Kong newspapers, and his manuscript fee income is more than what he earns as a teacher.
Ma Fengjia had a student named Qiu Shaoquan, who was often beaten by Mr. because he couldn't memorize books, and he held a grudge, thinking that he could get a reward of five taels of silver for reporting the rebellious party, so he denounced Ma Fengjia.
Huaijin is Zhao Xiucai's protégé, Ma Fengjia and Zhao Xiucai often come and go, Huaijin naturally knows Ma Fengjia. He hadn't read Ma Fengjia's poems, but he had seen the sadness on Ma Fengjia's face when he saw off Zhao Xiucai, and he respected him very much.
When the head of the rebel Ma Fengjia was cut off by Zhang Zhengjing, Huai Jin carefully wiped the sand and blood from his face.
Qiu Shaoquan didn't get the bounty. Liang Yanning, the county commander, is a native of Shandong, and believes in Confucius's "father is hidden for the son, and the son is hidden for the father", one day as a teacher, and a lifetime as a father. Ma has bad intentions, and he should be severely punished according to the law, Qiu is greedy for bounty, but he fell into the well and trapped his father to death, which is the same crime as disobedience and unfilial piety, and should also be punished.
Qiu Shaoquan's luck is too bad, the real situation is that Liang Xianling despises whistleblowers, especially despises him for being a scum who is ungrateful to his teacher.
Liang County ordered a board and beat Qiu Shaoquan to the point of calling his father and mother. couldn't eat and fight, Qiu Shaoquan confessed, and he was actually a revolutionary. is not only a revolutionary party, but also a whistleblower, and the above does not bother to care whether he is wronged or not, and makes a decision as he is allowed.
First cut the horse and the armor, and then cut the hill Shaoquan.
When beheading Qiu Shaoquan, Huaijin handed the master a blunt knife, and Zhang Zhengjing slashed 13 times in a row before cutting off Qiu Shaoquan's head.
100 Years of Might, Issue 9. To be continued).
Previous Review. It's better to live than to die.
An executioner is the equivalent of a civil servant.
Some people live as good stories, and some people live as jokes.