Friction materials are applied to power machinery and rely on friction to performBraking and transmission functionsof the component material. According to the field of application, friction materials can be divided into:Brake system friction materials (brake pads) and drivetrain friction materials (dry clutch friction pads and wet paper-based friction pads).。Brake pads are used for braking, absorbing kinetic energy; Dry clutch friction plates and wet paper-based friction plates are used for transmission and power transmission.
According to the material, friction materials can be divided into:Asbestos friction materials, semi-metal friction materials, powder metallurgy friction materials, ceramic fiber friction materials, carbon fiber friction materialsWait.
According to the working environment, friction materials can be divided into:Dry friction materials (brake pads, dry clutch friction plates) and wet friction materials (wet paper-based friction plates).Dry friction materials refer to friction materials that work in air, and wet friction materials refer to friction materials that work in various types of oil.
Overview of industry development
British, 1897aerbert froodHe invented natural fiber-reinforced friction materials and established the world's first friction material production enterprise, Ferrodo, which created a precedent for the modern friction material industry. Ferodo CompanyInvented low cost, good heat and wear resistanceAsbestos friction material
Asbestos friction materialThe invention is of milestone significance and has laid a solid foundation for the development of the industry. However, with the transformation of transportation and infrastructure, the problem of instability of asbestos fiber at high temperature is becoming increasingly prominent, resulting in unstable transmission performance. In addition, asbestos fibers will be released into the environment with friction and wear to form a large number of extremely fine meta-fibers, which will be suspended in the atmosphere for weeks or even months, and have carcinogenic effects on the human body.
Since the 70s of the 19th century, developed countries in Europe and the United States have formed a consensus on the carcinogenicity of asbestos, and have successively introduced bills prohibiting the production of asbestos products. The friction industry seeks to replace asbestos fibers, which can be roughly divided into two development directions: one is to replace asbestos fibers with metal fibers, which gradually evolve into semi-metal and less metal materials with a wide range of uses; In the other direction, aramid fibers, glass fibers, ceramic fibers and other organic substances are used to replace asbestos.
In 1942,Mr. Shi LigengwillShellac, asbestos wool and bone char powderMixing to make friction plates, while replacing imported products, also created the history of China's production of friction materials. In 1946, Mr. Shi Ligeng established the first friction material workshop in China, and successfully trial-produced asbestos friction sheets in the early 50s.
It was not until 1989 that the research on asbestos-free friction materials in China started late, and it was not until 1989 that non-asbestos friction materials based on semi-metallic friction materials were successively introduced in China, but the output was low, and the quality was also far behind that of developed countries in Europe and the United States. After entering the 21st century, with the rapid development of the private economy, a number of strong friction material enterprises have gradually emerged in China, investing more manpower and material resources in product research and development, focusing on safety and environmental protection, and constantly developing and producing various new non-asbestos friction materials.
Industry development trends
a.Dry clutch friction plate development trend
The dry clutch friction plate industry will show a steady and continuous development trend for the following reasons: aThe rapid development of the domestic commercial vehicle market and the production base of passenger cars have brought a large incremental demand for dry clutch friction plates, and dry clutch friction plates are mainly used in manual transmissions (MT).
The internal structure of the manual transmission (MT) is relatively simple, the purchase cost is low, and it is easy to maintain, while the transmission efficiency is relatively high, the power is fast, and the fuel consumption is low. Commercial vehicles, especially vans, are cost-sensitive as a production tool, so manual transmissions still dominate the commercial vehicle market.
In recent years, the electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission (AMT), which has developed well in the field of commercial vehicles, also needs to be equipped with dry clutch friction plates, and a set of electronic control devices that can shift and clutch by themselves are added on the basis of the manual gear set structure, replacing the driver's manual shift and clutch operation, which increases driving comfort while ensuring transmission efficiency, and puts forward higher performance requirements for dry clutch friction plates.
In 2021, the production and sales of domestic commercial vehicles will reach 46740,000 and 47930,000 units. In 2022, affected by the domestic macroeconomic downturn, the production and sales of domestic commercial vehicles will reach 31850,000 units and 3.3 million units, down from the same period last year2%。
As domestic economic activity continues to recover, the commercial vehicle market is also showing a recovery trend. From January to July 2023, the production and sales of domestic commercial vehicles will be 22530,000 and 22580,000 units, an increase from the previous year9%。With the continuous development of the bulk commodity market, the growth of capacity demand, coupled with the development of the logistics industry and the promotion of fixed asset investment, the domestic commercial vehicle market will still maintain good development prospects in the future.
In the field of passenger cars, especially in the high-end passenger cars, the trend of automatic transmission vehicles replacing manual transmission vehicles is more obvious, and the market share of manual transmission vehicles is declining year by year. However, China is the world's largest automobile production and consumption country, automobile production and sales for many years ranked first in the world, the domestic production of passenger cars is huge, although the proportion of manual transmission has decreased significantly, but the annual passenger car host supporting market demand is still large.
According to the statistics of the China *** Association, in 2022, the proportion of manual transmissions in domestically manufactured passenger cars will be about 945%, compared to 2,383 domestic passenger car production in 202260,000 units, so the demand for dry clutch friction plates in the passenger car OEM market is still high.
b.The huge number of cars in China has brought continuous market demand for after-sales service of dry clutch friction plates
In the past 20 years, China's automobile production and sales have grown rapidly, and since 2009, it has maintained the status of the world's largest automobile production and sales country.
In 2022, China's automobile production and sales were 2,702100,000 and 2,686400,000 units. With the rapid growth of China's automobile production and sales, it has remained at a high level all year round, and the number of domestic automobiles has also increased rapidly. As of the end of 2022, the number of civilian vehicles in China was 31,184440,000 units. Dry clutch friction plates have been running in a high-temperature and high-friction state for a long time, especially for medium and heavy-duty trucks as production tools, which are used more frequently, and the clutch friction plates are worn out more and replaced relatively frequently. Benefiting from China's huge car ownership base, the domestic dry clutch friction plate after-sales service market demand is huge.
Moreover, the demand of the after-sales service market has the characteristics of rigid and repetitive consumption, and the market demand is less affected by the economic development cycle. Due to the large population, compared with developed countries, China's per capita car ownership is still at a low level, and the development potential is huge. In the future, with the continuous improvement of China's residents' income level, the continuous upgrading of consumption, and the advancement of urbanization, China's automobile industry will still maintain a good development trend, the number of cars will continue to increase, and the after-sales service market demand for dry clutch friction plates is strong.
c.Domestic substitution has become a major trend in the development of the domestic auto parts industry
In recent years, the competition in the domestic automobile industry has become increasingly fierce, and the automobile OEMs have begun to gradually choose domestic enterprises with the best advantages and local service advantages for the original imported parts and components for the sake of cost control, and the domestic substitution trend of the auto parts industry has begun to appear. Some outstanding domestic parts and components enterprises have formed a certain competitive advantage in the subdivided field and replaced imported products.
It is estimated that in 2021 and 2022, the domestic market size of automotive dry clutch friction plates will be about 153,581020,000 yuan, 148,375$930,000.
d.The export market has brought new performance growth points for dry clutch friction plates
As one of the typical global industries, the automobile industry has significant globalization characteristics, and there are many international divisions of labor and cooperation. After years of hard work, some domestic parts enterprises have entered the global procurement system of internationally renowned OEMs or parts giants by virtue of good product quality and first-class advantages, expanded overseas sales, and participated in global competition. Especially since 2020, the downward pressure on the foreign economy has been greater, the shutdown time of auto parts enterprises has been long, and some foreign OEMs and first-class parts suppliers have greatly increased their purchases from qualified Chinese parts suppliers, which is conducive to domestic parts enterprises to increase exports and expand overseas market share.
It is estimated that the global market size of automotive dry clutch friction plates will be around 755,479 in 2021 and 2022680,000 yuan, 747,370420,000 yuan.
b.Development trend of wet paper-based friction plates
The development trend of domestic wet paper-based friction sheets is good, and the industry has broad prospects, the specific reasons are as follows:
a.The domestic passenger car market continues to improve
In 2021, the domestic passenger car production and sales volume were 2,14080,000 and 2,14820,000 units; In 2022, the domestic passenger car production and sales volume were 2,38360,000 and 2,35630,000 units, a year-on-year increase5%；From January to July 2023, the domestic passenger car production and sales volume were 1,33970,000 and 1,33680,000 units, an increase from the previous year7%。The continuous improvement of the domestic passenger car market is an important guarantee for the stable development of the wet paper-based friction plate industry.
b.The proportion of automatic transmission passenger cars in China continues to rise
With the improvement of national living standards, people have put forward higher and higher requirements for the convenience and comfort of vehicle driving. Because the automatic transmission car is driving, the operation is more simple and convenient, can automatically match the gear and speed, no need to manually shift, significantly improve the driving comfort, so in the field of passenger cars, especially in high-end passenger cars, the trend of automatic transmission vehicles replacing manual transmission vehicles is more obvious, and the market share of automatic transmission vehicles is increasing year by year.
According to the statistics of the China Association of China, in recent years, the proportion of automatic transmissions in domestically manufactured passenger cars has continued to rise, and by 2022, the proportion of automatic transmissions in domestically manufactured passenger cars has exceeded 85%, accounting for the main market share, and the demand for wet paper-based friction plates is large. c.Traditional energy vehicles still have good room for development, according to the "Overall Technology Roadmap for Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicles" compiled by the Society of Automotive Engineers of China 20", by 2025, China's traditional energy vehicles are expected to account for about 80% of the total sales of automobiles; By 2030, it is expected to account for about 60%; By 2035, it is expected to account for about 50%.
Therefore, in the future, China's traditional energy vehicles will still maintain a large incremental market. According to the "Overall Technology Roadmap for Energy-Saving and New Energy Vehicles 20", in the future, China will achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction through the development of multi-speed advanced transmissions, lightweight and other technical paths, for example: by 2025, non-hybrid energy-saving vehicles need to master 8AT, CVT carrying capacity of 350 nm; By 2030, it is necessary to develop CVTs with more than 9 levels of AT and a carrying capacity of 400 nm; By 2035, it is necessary to master more than 9 levels of AT, and the CVT ratio width will reach 75。
In 2020, the domestic passenger car automatic transmission installed volume was 1,680840,000 units. In 2020, the domestic market demand for wet paper-based friction sheets for passenger car OEMs is expected to be between 128.52 million and 233.99 million pieces, and the market demand for OEM dual pieces is expected to be between 173.09 million and 284.3 million pieces in 2020.
Suppose the wet paper-based friction plate is 742 yuan piece (average value of similar products of Lintai New Material), and 550 yuan piece (the average value of similar products of Lintai New Material), then in 2020, the market demand amount of wet paper-based friction plates (including dual pieces, the same below) for domestic passenger car OEMs is expected to be 190.6 billion to 330 billion between.
As of the end of 2020, the number of passenger cars in China was 25,145000,000 units, after calculation, the domestic passenger car after-sales service wet paper-based friction sheet market demand amount is about 135 times and expected at 25$6.4 billion to $4.4$3.9 billion. Therefore, in 2020, the market demand for wet paper-based friction sheets for passenger cars in China is expected to be 447 billion to 77$3.9 billion.
At the same time, wet paper-based friction plates can be applied to the field of construction machinery and agricultural equipment, China is a big country in infrastructure construction, the demand for construction machinery is huge, along with agricultural modernization, the demand for agricultural equipment is strong, so the domestic market demand for wet paper-based friction sheets is broader, and the market size is expected to reach more than 10 billion.
d.The rapid development of new energy vehicles has brought new demand
Since 2018, in the context of vehicle electrification, the domestic new energy vehicle market has developed rapidly, new car manufacturers have been emerging, and traditional fuel vehicle manufacturers have also accelerated the process of layout transformation. During the reporting period, the domestic new energy vehicle industry continued to maintain a high degree of prosperity, with rapid growth in both production and sales.
According to the statistics of the China Association of China, the domestic production and sales of new energy vehicles in 2021 will be 35450,000 units, 35210,000 units, a year-on-year increase57%；In 2022, the domestic production and sales of new energy vehicles will be 70580,000 units, 68870,000 units, a year-on-year increase60%；From January to July 2023, the domestic production and sales of new energy vehicles were 45910,000 units, 45260,000 units, an increase from the previous year7%。Plug-in hybrid vehicle transmissions require the use of wet paper-based friction plates, which is an important market for the growth of wet paper-based friction plate sales.
At present, the transmission system of pure electric new energy vehicles mostly adopts fixed gear ratio reducer, that is, single-speed reducer. The single-speed reducer has a simple structure and low cost, and generally adopts two-stage gear reduction, which has relatively low technical requirements and does not need to use wet paper-based friction plates; However, the single-speed transmission can not take into account the power and economy of electric vehicles at the same time, and the drive motor usually cannot be at the high-efficiency working point during driving, and the efficiency of the drive motor will be significantly reduced under specific working conditions, wasting electric energy and reducing the cruising range.
Therefore, the development trend of the transmission system of pure electric new energy vehicles is to use two-speed or even multi-speed reducers to change the speed ratio according to different working conditions, optimize the operating state of the motor, and improve the efficiency of the drive system. Porsche, ZF, Schaeffler, GKN, Magna, GAC AionThe company has launched a variety of two-speed reducer products, which are applied to new energy vehicles. With the wide application of two-speed or multi-speed reducer, it will bring new growth points to the wet paper-based friction plate industry.
Chapter 1 Basic overview of friction material industry
Section 1 Definition and characteristics of the concept of friction material industry.
1. Definition and research scope of friction material industry.
Second, the development characteristics of the friction material industry.
Section 2: Industry Classification.
1. Industry classification method.
Second, the classification of industries.
Section 3: Characteristics of Industry Development.
First, the life cycle of the industry.
Second, the completeness of the industry chain.
3. Barriers to entry and exit in the industry.
Fourth, the maturity analysis of industry-related technologies.
Chapter 2 Overview of the development of the global friction materials industry in 2022
Section 1 Market size of the global friction materials industry.
1. The market size of the global friction material industry from 2020 to 2022 and its change trend.
2. The market size of the global friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
Section 2 Analysis of the supply situation of the global friction material industry.
1. The distribution of production capacity in the global friction material industry.
2. Analysis of typical supply enterprises in the global friction material industry.
1. Enterprise 1.
2. Enterprise 2.
3. Enterprise three.
Section 3 Demand Analysis of Global Friction Materials Industry.
1. The scale of demand in the global friction material industry.
Second, the demand pattern of the global friction material industry.
3. Demand trend of the global friction material industry.
4. The demand scale of the global friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
Section 4 Successful experience and lessons learned from the development of the global friction material industry.
1. Successful experience in the development of the global friction material industry.
Second, the development failure of the global friction material industry has learned lessons.
Chapter 3 Analysis of the development environment of China's friction materials industry in 2022
Section 1 Policy environment for the development of friction materials industry.
1. Friction material industry development planning policies and their interpretation.
2. Regulatory policies for the development of the friction material industry and their interpretation.
3. Friction material industry development standard policies and their interpretation.
Section 2 Economic environment for the development of friction material industry.
First, the domestic macroeconomic development.
2. Domestic investment in fixed assets.
Third, the situation of domestic commodities.
Fourth, the scale of domestic investment and financing.
Section 3 Social environment for the development of friction material industry.
1. Analysis of the domestic population.
2. Analysis of domestic per capita income and expenditure.
Third, the domestic talent pool.
Fourth, the expenditure of domestic scientific research funds.
Section 4 Technical Environment of Friction Materials Industry.
1. Technology patent applications in the friction material industry.
Second, the main technical analysis of the friction material industry.
3. Analysis of the mechanism of action of technology on the development of friction material industry.
Fourth, the analysis of the technical development trend of the friction material industry.
Chapter 4 2020-2022 China Friction Materials Industry Market Analysis
Section 1 Market size of domestic friction material industry from 2020 to 2022.
1. The market size of the domestic friction material industry and its change trend from 2020 to 2022.
2. Influencing factors for the change of market size of the domestic friction material industry from 2020 to 2022.
3. The market size and growth rate of the friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
Section 2 Analysis of the market supply of the domestic friction material industry.
1. The number of domestic friction material industry supply enterprises.
Second, the regional distribution of domestic friction material industry supply enterprises.
3. The number of employees in the domestic friction material industry.
Fourth, the supply scale of the domestic friction material industry.
5. Capacity planning of the domestic friction material industry.
Section 3 Analysis of market demand in the domestic friction material industry.
First, the demand scale of the friction material industry.
Second, the demand structure of the domestic friction material industry.
Third, the demand trend of the domestic friction material industry.
Fourth, the demand potential of the domestic friction material industry**.
Chapter 5 Competition Pattern and Competitive Strategy of Domestic Friction Materials Industry
Section 1 Analysis of Industry Competition Structure.
1. Competition among existing enterprises.
2. Analysis of potential entrants.
3. Threat analysis of substitutes.
Fourth, the bargaining power.
Fifth, the bargaining power of customers.
Section 2 Industry Concentration Analysis.
1. Market concentration analysis.
2. Analysis of regional concentration.
Section 3 The competition echelon of the domestic friction material industry.
First, the first echelon.
Second, the second echelon.
Third, the third echelon.
Section 4 Competitive Strategies of Domestic Friction Materials Industry.
First, product strategy.
Second, the first strategy.
3. Channel strategy.
Fourth, the first strategy.
Chapter 6 Talent Strategy Analysis of Domestic Friction Material Industry
Section 1 Talent Recruitment Strategies.
1. Grassroots talent recruitment strategy.
Second, the strategy of talent recruitment.
3. Senior talent recruitment strategy.
Section 2: Talent Training Strategies.
1. Internal training strategy.
2. Externally commissioned training strategy.
Section 3 Talent Incentive Strategies.
1. Incentive strategy for job promotion.
2. Equity incentive strategy.
3. Option incentive strategy.
Chapter 7 International Development Strategy of Friction Material Industry
Section 1 The foundation for the international development of the friction material industry.
First, the export of friction materials industry.
Second, the dependence of friction materials on foreign countries.
3. Analysis of OEM situation in friction material industry.
Section 2 International Development Strategy of Friction Material Industry.
1. Participate in the formulation of international standards.
2. Enhance the global competitiveness of the industry.
Third, the implementation of the "going out" strategy.
Chapter 8 Analysis of Competitive Strategies of Enterprises in the Friction Materials Industry
Section 1 Analysis of Friction Material Market Competition Strategy.
1. Analysis of the growth potential of the friction materials market in 2023.
2. Analysis of the competitive strategy of the existing friction material industry.
Section 2 Analysis of Competitive Strategy of Friction Material Enterprises.
1. The impact of global hotspots on the competitiveness of enterprises in the friction material industry.
Second, the impact of domestic hot spots on the competitiveness of enterprises in the friction material industry.
3. Competitive strategies for domestic friction material industry enterprises in 2023-2028.
Chapter 9 Analysis of key enterprises in China's friction material industry in 2022
Section 1 Enterprise 1.
First, the enterprise overview.
2. Analysis of enterprise products and services.
3. Analysis of the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Fourth, the overall operation of the enterprise analysis.
Fifth, the experience of enterprise development for reference.
Section 2 Enterprise 2.
First, the enterprise overview.
2. Analysis of enterprise products and services.
3. Analysis of the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Fourth, the overall operation of the enterprise analysis.
Fifth, the experience of enterprise development for reference.
Section 3 Enterprise 3.
First, the enterprise overview.
2. Analysis of enterprise products and services.
3. Analysis of the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Fourth, the overall operation of the enterprise analysis.
Fifth, the experience of enterprise development for reference.
Section 4 Enterprise 4.
First, the enterprise overview.
2. Analysis of enterprise products and services.
3. Analysis of the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Fourth, the overall operation of the enterprise analysis.
Fifth, the experience of enterprise development for reference.
Section 5 Enterprise V.
First, the enterprise overview.
2. Analysis of enterprise products and services.
3. Analysis of the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Fourth, the overall operation of the enterprise analysis.
Fifth, the experience of enterprise development for reference.
Section 6 Enterprise 6.
First, the enterprise overview.
2. Analysis of enterprise products and services.
3. Analysis of the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Fourth, the overall operation of the enterprise analysis.
Fifth, the experience of enterprise development for reference.
Section 7 Enterprise 7.
First, the enterprise overview.
2. Analysis of enterprise products and services.
3. Analysis of the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Fourth, the overall operation of the enterprise analysis.
Fifth, the experience of enterprise development for reference.
Section 8 Enterprise VIII.
First, the enterprise overview.
2. Analysis of enterprise products and services.
3. Analysis of the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Fourth, the overall operation of the enterprise analysis.
Fifth, the experience of enterprise development for reference.
Section 9 Enterprise IX.
First, the enterprise overview.
2. Analysis of enterprise products and services.
3. Analysis of the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Fourth, the overall operation of the enterprise analysis.
Fifth, the experience of enterprise development for reference.
Section 10 Enterprise 10.
First, the enterprise overview.
2. Analysis of enterprise products and services.
3. Analysis of the competitive advantage of enterprises.
Fourth, the overall operation of the enterprise analysis.
Fifth, the experience of enterprise development for reference.
Chapter 10 2023-2028 China Friction Materials Industry Development and Investment Risk Analysis
Section 1 Environmental Risks in the Friction Materials Industry.
1. Risks to the international economic environment.
2. Exchange rate risk.
3. Macroeconomic risks.
Fourth, macroeconomic policy risks.
5. Risks of regional economic changes.
Section 2 Risks of the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain and related industries.
Section 3 Policy risks of friction materials industry.
Section 4 Market risk of friction material industry.
1. Market supply and demand risks.
2. Risks.
3. Competition risk.
Chapter 11 Analysis of China's friction materials industry development prospects and investment opportunities from 2023 to 2028
Section 1 Development prospects of friction materials industry**.
1. Changes in user needs**.
Second, the development of the competitive pattern.
3. Channel development and change**.
Fourth, the overall development prospects and market opportunities of the industry analysis.
Section 2 Investment opportunities in the friction material industry.
1. Investment opportunities in regional markets.
2. Investment opportunities in the industrial chain.
Chapter 12 Investment Opportunities and Risks in the Friction Materials Industry
Section 1 Comparison and Analysis of Industry Vitality Coefficient.
1. Comparison of the vitality coefficients of related industries in 2022.
2. Analysis of industry vitality coefficient from 2020 to 2022.
Section 2 Comparison and analysis of industry investment returns.
1. Comparison of investment returns in related industries in 2022.
2. Analysis of the industry's investment return rate from 2020 to 2022.
Section 3 Analysis of investment benefits in friction materials industry.
1. Analysis of the investment status of the friction material industry from 2020 to 2022.
2. Analysis of the investment benefits of the friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
3. Investment trends in the friction material industry from 2023 to 2028**.
4. Investment direction of the friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
5. Suggestions for investment in the friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
6. Analysis of obstacle factors that new entrants should pay attention to.
Section 4 The main factors affecting the development of the friction material industry.
1. Analysis of favorable factors affecting the operation of the friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
2. Analysis of stability factors affecting the operation of the friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
3. Analysis of unfavorable factors affecting the operation of the friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
4. Analysis of the challenges facing the development of China's friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
5. Analysis of opportunities for the development of China's friction material industry from 2023 to 2028.
Table of Contents of Charts
Chart: Summary of relevant policies in China's friction material industry.
Chart: China's friction material market size from 2020 to 2022.
Chart: 2023-2028 China's friction material market size and growth rate**.
Chart: Analysis of the market structure of China's friction material industry in 2022.
Chart: Regional distribution of friction materials.