During the Spring Festival this year, several Philippine fishing boats committed several violations in the waters near Scarborough Shoal near China, and the Chinese patrol team has taken actions such as route control and forced eviction. Since the 1990s, Chinese fishermen have been frequently harassed by the Philippine military in the waters around Scarborough Shoal, and since Marcos took office, Philippine fishing boats have repeatedly intruded into the waters around China's islands and reefs. The Philippine side not only claims "sovereignty" over the islands in the South China Sea, including Scarborough Shoal, but also passed a bill in the Philippine Congress on 14 February authorizing the Philippine authorities to deal with it"Exclusive Economic Zone"man-made islands and islands claim sovereignty. Historically, China has been the first to govern Nanhai Zhudao and related maritime affairs, and its successive successors have always maintained peaceful and effective jurisdiction over Nanhai Zhudao, and China enjoys indisputable sovereignty over Huangyan Dao and its surrounding waters. However, the Philippines has disregarded historical facts, distorted international law, violated the consensus reached by China and the Philippines on the South China Sea dispute, and repeatedly created incidents in the South China Sea. A spokeswoman for China's border guards said they would continue to conduct military operations at sea in China's jurisdictions and resolutely defend their territory and interests.
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Huangyan Island belongs to the Zhongsha Islands in China, and its geographical location is 117°51 east longitude'It is more than 600 nautical miles away from Hainan Island. Scarborough Shoal is an atoll-shaped reef formed by seamounts deposited in the basin over many years, with a circumference of about 55 kilometers, surrounding a 130-square-meter lagoon with a depth of 10 to 20 meters, covering an area of 130 square meters. According to historical data, when Guo Shoujing of the Yuan Dynasty presided over the "Four Seas Test" in 1279, he marked the determination of the South China Sea as Huangyan Dao. This shows that the Chinese have been found on Huangyan Island as early as the Yuan Dynasty.
Scarborough Shoal is China's inherent territory, and China has been using Scarborough Shoal effectively, peacefully and effectively. In January 1935, a land area investigation team jointly organized by a number of Chinese countries included Scarborough Shoal (Scarborough Reef) into Chinese territory among the 132 sand reefs and shoals in Nanhai Zhudao, becoming part of the Zhongsha Islands. In October 1947, when China** approved and issued a comparison of the old and new geographical names of Nanhai Zhudao, Scarborough Reef was renamed "Zhongsha Islands". In 1983, with the approval of the China Geographical Names Bureau, some of the place names of Nanhai Zhudao were officially named Huangyan Dao, and the second place name was Minjiao District. On the official maps of China, Scarborough Shoal is China's territory. Scarborough Shoal has always belonged to the province of Guangdong Province and Hainan Province of China. China's declaration on Nanhai Zhudao and its declarations have made it clear that Scarborough Shoal belongs to China.
Since ancient times, our fishing boats have been fishing around Scarborough Shoal. Since the Ming Dynasty, the "Changing Routes" used by fishermen in the South China Sea has comprehensively displayed the traces of fishermen in the South China Sea in the area of Buxisha Islands, Nansha Islands, and Zhongsha Islands. In the Book of Changing Routes, there are five routes to Scarborough Shoal. The first watch mentioned in the "Changing Routes" is that when a fisherman lights a cigarette on the sea, he can usually walk ten miles on a watch. The path is the direction that the compass points to, that is, the route.
In order to conduct scientific investigations, China has sent several scientific expedition teams, including the South China Sea Institute of Oceanography in October 1977 to Huangyan Dao, and sent a large number of scientific expedition teams; In June 1978, the scientists of the institute once again landed on the island to conduct scientific research. In April 1985, a joint scientific expedition team formed by China's South China Sea Administration Bureau conducted a comprehensive survey of Huangyan Dao. In 1994, members of China's South China Sea scientific expedition arrived at Huangyan Island and erected a one-meter-high concrete monument there. On three occasions in 1994, 1995 and 1997, the competent state authorities allowed radio fans to conduct radio inspections on the island.
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Scarborough Shoal is outside the territorial waters of the Philippines and is not part of the Philippines. The Philippines' territory is defined by a series of international treaties, including the 1898 Spanish-American Peace Treaty (also known as the Treaty of Paris); the 1900 Spanish-American Treaty on the Cession of the Outer Islands of the Philippines (the Washington Treaty); The 1930 Treaty on the Delimitation of the Boundary between British North Borneo and the American Philippines. The agreement clearly defines the western boundary of the Philippines at 118 degrees, and Scarborough Shoal is not within that boundary. The two maps published by the Philippines in 1981 and 1984 both marked Scarborough Shoal outside the territorial boundaries of the Philippines.
Before 1997, the Philippines had never argued that Scarborough Shoal was Chinese, nor had it ever claimed that Scarborough Shoal was Chinese. Bianfernido, the German ambassador to the Philippines, wrote to Deutsche Dint that Scarborough Reef was provided by the Philippine Territorial Geography and Resources Intelligence Agency, and that the Philippines did not include it in its territory. In a letter dated November 18, 1994 to the American Broadcasting Institute, the Philippine Federation of Broadcasting Fans stated: "The [Philippines] authorities have confirmed that Scarborough Reef is not within the territorial waters of the Philippines, in accordance with article III of the Treaty of Paris. ”
However, in April 1997, the Philippines changed its claim that Scarborough Shoal was not included in its sovereignty and tracked, monitored, and interfered with Scarborough Shoal by an international amateur broadcasting group sponsored by China Radio, and openly claimed that Scarborough Shoal was within the Philippines' 200-mile exclusive economic zone and therefore belonged to Philippine territory. On February 17, 29, the Philippine Congress designated China's Huangyan Dao and some islands in Nansha as territory of the Philippines by way of 9522. On April 10, 2011, the Philippines sent the warship USS Del Pilar into China's Scarborough Shoal to illegally capture and abuse Chinese fishermen and fishing boats, with the intention of creating a conflict over Scarborough Shoal.
China has taken a serious action against the Philippines on issues such as infringing on China's territorial sovereignty and infringing on Chinese fishing vessels. The Chinese authorities immediately dispatched maritime surveillance and fisheries enforcement vessels to Scarborough Shoal to assert their territorial rights and rescue Chinese fishing boats. As a result of repeated efforts by China, the Philippines evacuated the ships and personnel from Scarborough Shoal in June 2012.
On January 22, 2013, the Philippines** tore up the solemn commitments made in the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea in disregard of the consultations and consultations between China and the Philippines on the South China Sea issue, and ignored the areas under its jurisdiction under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (hereinafter referred to as the "Convention"), as well as the exclusion of China's 2006 announcement on the maritime boundary demarcation dispute, and this fact deliberately whitewashed the dispute as a purely interpretation and application of the UNCLOS unilaterally launched the South China Sea arbitration. The Philippines' move is not to resolve disputes with China, but only to deny China's sovereignty and maritime interests in the South China Sea.
The Philippines' claim that China's presence in the waters off Scarborough Shoal is untenable under international law. The claim that Scarborough Shoal is part of the Philippines' 200-mile exclusive economic zone and therefore belongs to Philippine territory is a clear and deliberate distortion of international law. "Land domination of the seas" is an important norm of international law. The Convention provides that littoral States may establish exclusive economic zones of 200 miles, but that littoral States have no right to undermine the inherent territorial sovereignty of other States in this way. The use of the Convention for changes in territorial ownership is contrary to international law, including the purposes and principles of the Convention.
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Tigrau, a well-known Philippine political commentator, pointed out earlier that on the 2012 Scarborough Shoal issue, Manila thought that the United States would support the Philippines in accordance with the "US-Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty" signed in 1951. However, US Deputy Secretary General Campbell, on the issue of East Asia and the Pacific in 2012, has clearly demonstrated the neutrality of US claims to Scarborough Shoal.
Benigno Aquino III, the former president of the Philippines, was the initiator of the South China Sea dispute. He said the Philippine authorities had referred the dispute between China and South China to an arbitral tribunal"Arbitration has provided us with everything"。But Tigrao said that such claims were complete lies, and that "this arbitral institution is not a court at all, just a five-member arbitral tribunal," and that there has not been a ruling that the Spratlys and Scarborough Shoal are owned by the Philippines.
Since the beginning of this year, the Philippines has once again provoked a dispute over the Scarborough Shoal incident. Philippine border guards continue to "support" Philippine fishing boats to fish near Scarborough Shoal, Philippine ** reported. Philippine Cruisers claimed to have detected a movement barrier set up by China around Scarborough Shoal in an attempt to prevent Filipino fishermen from fishing, and said that the "floating barrier" had been removed in accordance with Philippine instructions. The Philippine Coast Guard claimed that one of its law enforcement boats was "followed" by four Chinese coast police vessels while on a nine-day patrol near Scarborough Shoal.
Laurel, a well-known political commentator and director of the Philippine Institute for Strategic Studies in the Asian Century, told the Global Times that the Philippine Marine Corps and some Philippine civilian ships are deliberately provoking, which is what the United States calls a "clever project." The plan was to challenge and confront the Chinese cruisers, thereby deliberately creating a conflict in the Philippines-China disputed area.
Chen Hong, at the Asia-Pacific Research Center of East China Normal University, told the Global Times that in recent years, the Philippines' groundless claims to Scarborough Shoal have been related to the internal political game between the Philippines and the Philippines in addition to the United States. Externally, the United States wants to use the Philippines as an anti-China base because of its proximity to the South China Sea, its proximity to Taiwan, and its former colonial rule. With Marcos taking office, the United States has been moving more and more in this regard. From the perspective of internal factors, Marcos wants to use the South China Sea issue to start a political game with the Duterte family, which is completely different from Duterte's more flexible and practical approach, and his intention is to show Duterte's "weakness" in his own country. Chen Hong pointed out that after Marcos took office, the United States set up a military base in the southernmost part of the Philippines, less than 200 kilometers away from Taiwan, which is a "gambling" way for the Philippines to put its own *** on the head of the United States, but in fact, the United States does not take the security and interests of other countries to heart. The US-Philippine alliance and related security agreements are nothing more than a "big pie" drawn by the United States, with the purpose of "cheering up" the Philippines and encouraging its continued provocations against China.
Dai Fan, deputy dean of the Center for Philippine Studies at Jinan University, told the Global Times that the United States used to claim neutrality in the South China Sea, but in recent years, its attitude has changed significantly, leaning towards other major powers that have disputes with China, in an attempt to balance China and reduce China's influence in the region, so as to contain China.
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In response to disputes in the South China Sea, such as the Scarborough Shoal issue, China issued in 2016 "China Insists on Resolving Relevant Disputes between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea through Negotiations", saying that China is a loyal supporter of the international legal system, abides by and implements international law, resolutely defends China's territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in the South China Sea, and resolutely defends China's territorial sovereignty and maritime interests in the South China Sea. The sea of cooperation.
Speaking at a ministerial meeting on East Asian cooperation held in Jakarta, Indonesia, on July 14 this year, Wang Yi said that China has always advocated that disputes between relevant countries should be conducted through friendly consultations, and this has been enshrined in the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea. Under the impact of the epidemic and external disturbances, China has successfully formulated the second text of the Code of Conduct in the South China Sea, and the two sides will work together to make the Code a regional norm that is effective, meaningful and consistent with international law, so as to better protect peace and security in the South China Sea and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of overseas countries.
Dai Fan pointed out that the United States' attempt to intervene in the South China Sea is a danger to peace and stability in the region, and China should first take stability in the South China Sea as its first priority, so that the world can see the harm caused by the joint efforts of the United States and the Philippines, and in this process, China should also carry out exchanges and exchanges with Southeast Asian countries. China and ASEAN countries are actively promoting the drafting of the Code of Conduct in the South China Sea, and neither country will affect their common interests because of this.
Chen Hong told the Global Times that in the next step, the Philippines will use ASEAN, especially China's territorial disputes in the South China Sea, to exaggerate the common conflict between China and ASEAN as a common conflict between the two sides, which is obviously unreasonable. The Philippines wants to **ASEAN, push ASEAN into a hostile position with China, and manipulate and co-opt countries with which China has sovereignty disputes. Chen Hong said that China has taken a reasonable and reasonable approach in dealing with the challenge of the Philippines, but it still needs to be strengthened in several areas. We can not only disclose China's sovereignty claims over the islands in the South China Sea to the world, but also express our voice of justice to the world through the media of developing and even developed countries and counter slander. However, since the Philippines is at fault in this matter in the first place, and the Philippine authorities are unlikely to maintain the status quo for a long time, it is necessary to publicize the voice of reason within the Philippines so that more people can pay attention to this peace-loving person.