Why did Chairman Mao in his later years repeatedly propose to prevent revisionism and what is revisi

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In his later years, he often felt worried about the future of the republic, and this far-sighted historical great man had more than once proposed to "defend against repair and oppose repair", and revisionism would always be the great enemy of the communist cause.

So, what is the "revisionism" that worries ***? What exactly is the reason for worrying about revisionism?

In his later years, he was very vigilant against revisionism, and he repeatedly proposed to "prevent and oppose revision", so where did revisionism come from in history?

The origin of revisionism begins with communism pioneered by Marx and Engels. In 1848, Marx and Engels co-authored the Communist Manifesto, which depicted an ideal world blueprint for the world to eliminate exploitation and polarization.

Although the turtle is long-lived, there is still a time. In 1883, Marx, the founder of communist theory, passed away. After Marx's death, his theory of communism began to be maliciously tampered with by some people with ulterior motives, carrying Marx's "red flag" to oppose the "red flag".

Under the "banner" of Marx's original work, these representatives tampered with Marx's original intentions, one was Kautsky, and the other was Bernstein.

Both Kautsky and Bernstein claimed that "Marx's theory is outdated" and that "Marx believed that the hundreds of millions of toiling masses did not need revolution, but only needed to go up to the top, so that the exploiting class could achieve communism through reform".

These fallacies and heresies of Kautsky and Bernstein have brought great harm to the communist movement in the world. On the eve of the outbreak of the First World War, the "Second International," an international workers' organization painstakingly created by Engels, was also dissolved because of the influence of the fallacies and heresies of Kautsky and Bernstein.

Convinced that the exploiters of all countries were their saviors, the workers of the Western countries returned to their home countries to serve in the military and to take the place of the exploiters in the unjust war of the First World War.

Fortunately, the revolutionaries led by Lenin discovered the conspiracy of Kautsky, Bernstein and others, and Lenin proposed that the hundreds of millions of toiling masses in the world can only rely on their own hands and can only rely on violence to launch an armed revolution and overthrow the rule of the exploiters. Lenin called the fallacies of Kautsky and Bernstein "revisionism," from which the term "revisionism" comes in history.

Facts speak louder than words, and in 1918, when Lenin led the Bolsheviks to launch the October Revolution, a cannon shot in front of the Winter Palace in Petrograd brought Marxism to China, which was in darkness at that time. The Western workers, who believed in the revisionist doctrines of Kautsky and Bernstein, ultimately failed in the revolution, and to this day the workers of Western Europe have not succeeded in establishing a genuine socialist regime.

Lenin advocated "the emancipation of oneself by the hands of the working workers themselves" and the "violent overthrow of the rule of the exploiters".It coincides with the "power from the barrel of a gun" proposed later in the Autumn Harvest Uprising.

In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei launched the April 12 counter-revolutionary coup, wielding the butcher's knife at the communists and the workers and peasants.

**, et al. resolutely opposed Chen Duxiu's absurd formulation at that time, and sharply pointed out: Blindly bending the knee to the reactionaries and seeking peace will only ruin the future of China's revolutionary cause. In the end, under the leadership of ***, the August 1 Nanchang Uprising and the Autumn Harvest Uprising broke out successively, and the workers and peasants established their own people's armed forces, laying the foundation for the later defeat of the Japanese invaders and the overthrow of the Chiang dynasty.

In 1949, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, although the people's revolution achieved the final victory. But *** is still full of vigilance against this kind of revisionism of being weak to the enemy and surrendering to the knees, ** has more than once taken the ending of the Song Jiang brothers in "Water Margin" as an example to point out the harm of revisionist "hypochondriasis", and said:

"Water Margin, it's good to surrender! Let people see the end of the capitulation faction, what is the end! ”

But the "hypochondriasis" of surrender is only the tip of the iceberg of the harm caused by revisionism. What really made the Chinese people and hundreds of millions of Chinese see the great harm of revisionism was the former mentor and "big brother" of the Chinese revolution: the Soviet Union.

** In his later years, he always emphasized the prevention of repair and anti-repair, because revisionism has buried the revolutionary cause of many countries in history, and the "big brother" Soviet Union is one of them. So, how harmful is revisionism?

In 1918, after the October Revolution broke out in Soviet Russia, the Bolsheviks led by Lenin successfully established the world's first socialist country in which the people were the masters of the country, and also brought Marxism to China. For a long time, China's socialist revolution and construction were modeled after its big brother, the Soviet Union. However, after the death of Lenin and Stalin, socialism in the Soviet Union gradually went astray.

In 1956, the Soviet Union convened the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, and at the end of this meeting, the leader of the Soviet Union, Nikita Khrushchev, made a secret report. In this secret report, Khrushchev completely denied the achievements of Stalin and other Soviet leaders of the previous generation in building socialism.

At that time, the Chinese diplomatic delegation, headed by ***, also participated in the 20th National Congress of the Soviet Union. After the end of Khrushchev's secret report, ** conveyed to Khrushchev *** the opinion of *** on the 20th Congress of the CPSU.

** Think: Historical figures should be treated separately, whether it is a seven-point score and a three-point error, or a three-point score and a seven-point error, so that there can be an objective and fair evaluation of historical figures, so that future generations can learn historical lessons and lessons at the same time, but also do not "forget their ancestors".

Since the beginning of the Khrushchev generation, the Soviets began to question the old revolutionaries of Lenin and Stalin's generation, denied the history of their own country, and even proposed to take the road of "changing the flag", all of which finally laid the groundwork for the drastic changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991.

** Pointing out: Forgetting history and betraying the martyrs is the direct embodiment of revisionism. Therefore, ** more than once to the founding generals,Even the guards and secretaries around him told them to read more history, because reading history makes people wise and makes people forget their roots.

Instead of listening to these valuable suggestions, Khrushchev angrily withdrew all the scientific experts who had assisted China at that time. By the time of Brezhnev, China and the Soviet Union almost met each other on the northeastern and northwestern borders. At the same time,In the 60s and 70s of the 20th century, the Soviet Union also relied on its strong military strength to send troops to occupy Hungary, Czechoslovakia and other third-world countries, and began an all-out struggle for hegemony with the United States.

This is the second danger brought about by revisionism: hegemonism and power politics.

** once used China's history to criticize hegemonism, why in the history of China's Chu-Han War, the tyrannical Xiang Yu would lose the world, and Liu Bang, who was weak at the beginning, would win the world. It is because Liu Bangren loves the people, and Xiang Yu relied on his own force to be brutal and unkind, invaded other countries, and finally lost the support of the people everywhere.

From the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression to the Korean War, it has been pointed out that the outcome of a war is never determined by the strength of one side, but by the justice of the nature of the war, and by the will of the people. Those who try to impose their will on other countries, those unjust wars of aggression and expansion, will inevitably end in failure.

In 1976, after his death, his prediction became a reality for the Soviet Union: in 1979, the Soviet Union once again launched a war of aggression against Afghanistan, and finally fell into the vast sea of people's war. This decade-long war, which dragged the Soviet Union into the quagmire of war, became an important reason for the collapse of the Soviet Union in the future.

He said: China has been humiliated by a series of wars of aggression such as the Opium War in modern times, so if China wants to avoid revisionism and embark on the wrong path of hegemonism, it must absolutely develop peacefully and never inflict the pain it has experienced on other countries.

In 1971, after China returned to the United Nations, it conveyed its diplomatic ideas to the United Nations, which was also a solemn commitment made by the Chinese team to the worldChina will never expand or seek hegemony, and if future generations of China become kings and hegemons and endanger other countries, then the people of all countries, including China, should defeat it!

The anti-revisionist and anti-hegemonist assertions have set a peaceful tone for China's subsequent decades of development, and have also made China's friends today "all over the world", and then look back at the outcome of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, ** and the wisdom of the Soviet Union Khrushchev and other leaders in governing the country.

The third danger brought about by revisionism is that after some people turn their backs on history, they run amok and hegemon the people externally and oppress the people internally. In the 70s of the 20th century, after Brezhnev of the Soviet Union succeeded Khrushchev in power, the Soviet bureaucracy was out of control, and it has become a trend from top to bottom.

In the face of this kind of "forgetting the roots" to oppress the people, ** has always hated it, in 1949 before the leading organs moved to Beijing, ** educated the Communist Party members around them, said to them:"Although today's revolution has been victorious, we must always remember that we are coming from the people, and we must not put ourselves in a higher position than the people. ”

Since the beginning of the 50s of the 20th century, ** has resolutely and severely punished all kinds of ** cases, and the ** mountain and Zhang Zishan, who have repeatedly made military exploits, were found out in 1950, ** did not care about their military exploits that year, and sentenced them to capital punishment

"It is precisely because of their revolutionary exploits that they should not forget their roots, let alone oppress the people, and we should put forward stricter requirements for them! ”

The Communist Party of China and the socialist road are the most effective path for China to achieve scientific development, and it is the choice of the people and history. At no time have the Chinese people given up this path and given up their reasons for a happy life.

In the 80s of the 20th century, the chief designer of reform and opening up once said such a paragraph: China's future will definitely not follow the old road of self-reliance, nor will it take the evil road of changing its banner!

To this day, the anti-repair and anti-repair thinking is a precious spiritual wealth for the Chinese people, and he warns us: We must never forget history, do not give up the struggle, and cherish the hard-won peace and happiness of today's life.

For China's achievements today, it has an indelible contribution. In the 80s of the 20th century, the famous Italian journalist Farage interviewed *** and asked why there was a *** hanging on the tower of Tiananmen Square, saying:

"** and his spiritual thoughts, always leading the Chinese people forward, we will not take off the chairman's ** at any time! ”

The draft does not forget the people who dig wells, the road opened up by the historical ancestors can not be forgotten and betrayed, and the chairman's teachings can be kept in mind, so that we can walk out of a bright future and open up a happy future!