Imagine a close friend or family member telling you on a calm morning, "My fasting blood sugar is 7 today."1. Two hours after eating sugar is 105, but my glycosylated hemoglobin is only 56%。What does this mean? Am I diabetic? "This question is not only a concern, but it also reveals a general confusion: how to interpret these seemingly simple but complex blood glucose indicators.
Diabetes, a chronic disease that hundreds of millions of people around the world are battling, not only affects the quality of life of patients, but can also lead to a range of serious health problems. Therefore, understanding the true meaning of these blood glucose values is not only responsible for one's health, but also a contribution to one's family and community.
Fasting blood glucose (FBG): the most common blood glucose is fasting blood glucose. Normal** fasting blood glucose should be 39 to 61 millimole liter (mmol L) between. The value is more than 61 mmol l but less than 7At 0 mmol, it is considered a pre-state of abnormal glucose metabolism, i.e., impaired fasting glucose. When fasting blood glucose persists at 7A condition of 0 mmoll L or above may be a diagnosis of glucose dysmetabolism.
Postprandial blood glucose (PBG): measurement of blood glucose within two hours of a meal is equally important. In healthy adults, blood sugar should not exceed 7 at two hours after a meal8 mmol/l。If the value is 78 to 110 mmolL, there may be impaired glucose tolerance. Sustained above 11A postprandial blood glucose level of 1 mmoll may indicate abnormal glucose metabolism.
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1C): Glycosylated hemoglobin is a measure that reflects the average blood sugar level over the past two to three months. The normal range is usually between 4% and 56%. When the HbA1c value is at 57% to 64% indicates the risk of glucose metabolism. More than 65% is commonly used as a diagnostic criterion for dycodysglycosis.
The diagnosis of glucose dysmetabolism is not determined by a single index but is based on a comprehensive assessment. The following are the diagnostic criteria recommended by authoritative bodies:
Fasting blood glucose value: Two consecutive tests, fasting blood glucose 70 mmol/l。
Postprandial blood glucose value: Blood glucose 11 at any point in time (including two hours after a meal).1 mmol/l。
Glycosylated hemoglobin: HbA1C 65%。
It is important to emphasize that these standards are not used in isolation. For example, if a person has slightly high fasting blood sugar but normal postprandial blood sugar and HbA1C, he may not be diagnosed with abnormal glucose metabolism. Conversely, if HbA1C is high, even if fasting blood glucose is normal, it may be diagnosed.
In addition, the diagnosis of diabetes dysfunction also takes into account the overall health of the individual, including family history, weight, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels. Together, these factors influence whether a person will develop abnormal glucose metabolism and their methods.
Eat a balanced diet, prevention and control starts from the mouth:A balanced diet is the first step in controlling abnormal glucose metabolism. A low-sugar, high-fiber diet is recommended. Increase your intake of vegetables, whole grains and nuts and reduce your consumption of processed foods and foods high in sugar. The daily diet should include enough protein, such as legumes, fish, and lean meats, while limiting saturated fat.
Moderate exercise to stabilize blood sugar levels:Moderate physical activity is essential for maintaining blood sugar balance. It is recommended to do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, such as brisk walking, swimming, or cycling. Exercise can help improve insulin sensitivity, which can lead to more effective blood sugar control. It is important to note that blood sugar should be monitored before and after exercise to avoid the risk of hypoglycemia.
Changes in lifestyle habits:Avoiding alcohol and smoking, getting enough sleep and reducing stress are also important aspects of management. In daily life, you should reduce sedentary times and increase the frequency of standing and walking.
Medications** & Monitoring: Precise regulation to protect health
Personalized drug regimens: Medications for diabetes disorders should be tailored to the individual's specific situation. Commonly used drugs include insulin sensitizers, insulin secretion promoters, -glucosidase inhibitors, etc. The key is to take your medication as directed by your doctor and have regular check-ups to adjust the dosage of your medication.
Monitor blood sugar and adjust it in timeRegular monitoring of blood sugar is an important part of abnormal glucose metabolism. Daily monitoring of fasting and postprandial blood glucose, as well as regular glycosylated hemoglobin checks, are recommended. This data can help you evaluate your performance and adjust your plan in a timely manner.
Doctor-patient communication and joint management of the condition: Communicate with the doctor regularly to discuss progress, medication reactions and lifestyle adjustments. Effective communication between physicians and patients is essential for the long-term management of glucose metabolism.