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The household photovoltaic power generation system uses solar cells to generate electricity, and its working principle is: sunlight irradiates the surface of the solar cell, and the electrons in the photons and semiconductors interact to make the electrons jump from the valence band to the conduction band, creating holes. In the vicinity of the p-n junction (junction of positive and negative charge regions) of semiconductors, electrons and holes are separated, forming an internal electric field. Driven by an internal electric field, electrons flow from the n-region to the p-region, and holes flow from the p-region to the n-region, thus forming an electric current. By connecting the anode and cathode to an external circuit, electrons can flow from the anode to the cathode through the external circuit, providing electrical energy.
The household photovoltaic power generation system is composed of photovoltaic arrays (photovoltaic arrays are composed of photovoltaic modules connected in series and parallel), photovoltaic inverters, photovoltaic brackets, photovoltaic grid-connected boxes, controllers (optional), battery packs (optional), AC and DC cables and other parts. Its core components are photovoltaic modules, which generate direct current electricity, which can be converted into alternating current with an inverter and used, or it can be fully transmitted to the public grid. Household photovoltaic power generation systems can be used immediately, and energy storage devices such as batteries can also be used to store electricity and release it at any time as needed.
The first premise is that the roof title is clear. The construction of a residential photovoltaic power station requires an independent right to use the roof. Therefore, in rural areas with independent roofs, it is relatively convenient for villa residents to install; For the roof of a multi-storey or high-rise residential building, it is a common area, not a single household, and the owners of the whole building jointly have the right to use, and if you want to build a power station on it, you need to obtain the consent of the owners of the whole building, otherwise, even if it is installed, the power grid company will not give it to the grid.
On horizontal roofs, photovoltaic arrays can be installed at optimal angles for maximum energy production; The biggest advantage of installing photovoltaic power stations on flat roofs is thermal insulation and cooling, which can generally be cooled by 5 7 degrees, and the form of cement piers + photovoltaic brackets is adopted. The investment cost is not high, and the economy is relatively good.
The photovoltaic power station installed on the slope roof is more beautiful, because the roof slope is large, the rainwater is easy to remove, and the construction is simple and easy to maintain. This kind of rooftop photovoltaic power station does not need to increase the height bracket and calculate the inclination angle to install the photovoltaic power station. When installing, it can be laid according to the inclination angle of the roof itself, and the installation capacity is not affected by the area, and due to the large slope, it can also play the effect of automatic cleaning of the power station.
According to the local climatic conditions and electricity demand, choose the right photovoltaic panels.
According to the system power and grid parameters, choose the appropriate inverter.
Realize the grid-connected control and MPPT of the system to ensure the efficient operation of the system.
Consider the safety issues such as overload and short circuit of the system to ensure the safe operation of the system.
The PV industry has many supporting tools, including those for residential PV design, that need to be chosen according to their needs.
Developed by Jiangsu Xigu Network Technology Co., Ltd., it is a professional photovoltaic design software, with power station satellite surveying and mapping, investment and financing tables, power generation calculation, installation inclination calculation and scheme design software, which can quickly generate household drawings, and intelligently generate relevant procurement lists and ppt to improve work efficiency. Features such as simulated lighting and shadow analysis allow for quick and flexible modifications to improve accuracy. The operation is simple, which is very suitable for novice friends.
is a clean energy project analysis software funded by Canada** to assess energy production, energy efficiency, life cycle costs, emission reductions and financial risks of various energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies, including product, cost and climate data.
The software is relatively powerful, the most important thing is that it has a Chinese interface, easy to use, suitable for economic analysis, but not very suitable for professional photovoltaic power generation system design. The software's global climate database comes from NASA, and its ground data is quite different from the ground data provided by weather stations in China, so it should be used with great attention.
It is a well-known photovoltaic system design software, which can complete the research, design and data analysis of photovoltaic power generation systems. It can design on-grid and off-grid photovoltaic systems, pump systems and DC systems, as well as an extensive meteorological database, photovoltaic system component database, inverter database and general solar energy tools, which can be used to analyze the power generation in different states.
The software provides three levels of PV system research: preliminary design, project design and detailed data analysis, which is basically suitable for different stages of development of the actual project.
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