At the junction of Renhuai City and Jinsha County, there is a Qingcai River that runs through the canyon, which originates from Luzhu Mountain, the highest peak in Renhuai.
More than 60 years ago, people climbed the cliff and tried to blow up the Shiduan River to build the Qingcai River Reservoir. Subsequently, it took more than 40 years, under very difficult conditions, the dam was built on the barrage and the canal was opened on the 100-meter cliff, which brought sweet springs to many serious water-deficient mountainous areas in the south of Renhuai, solved the drinking water problem of about 70,000 people, and irrigated an area of 1More than 40,000 acres.
The Qingcai River Reservoir in the mountains, the 200-kilometer canal that winds in the southern mountainous area of Renhuai, is a magnificent poem composed by the people of Renhuai with perseverance and perseverance, working hard from generation to generation, with diligence and sweat, and even blood and life.
one
Starting from the Houshan Miao Buyi Township Station, follow the winding village road, carefully hovering on the hillside for half an hour before arriving at the Qingcai River Reservoir Dam. 
Qingcai River Reservoir
On both sides of the dam, the mountains are high into the clouds, and the cliffs are like cutting. A pool of clear water, reflecting the shadow of the mountains, and water birds swim by, causing layers of ripples on the surface of the water. Liu Guocheng from Maoba Township and Chen Guanglu from Longjing Township are the administrators of the Qingcaihe Reservoir. They have been working here for more than 30 years, and their daily task is to salvage floating debris from the reservoir and patrol the reservoir area. During the main flood season or dry season, it is also necessary to open the flood gate or adjust the flow of water in time according to the dispatching instructions. The green mountains and beautiful waters are a fairyland in the eyes of others. And life in the mountains for decades has been extremely boring. "But compared to the efforts of the older generation, compared to the people who built reservoirs and canals, I am already very happy. Liu Guocheng said. Liu Guocheng was only 14 years old when he first went to the site of the Qingcai River water conservancy project. "The reservoir hasn't been repaired yet, so I'm here to deliver something to my father, who is working on the construction site. He said that the day after coming to the reservoir was January 1, "and at this time, I learned that the first day of the new year was called 'New Year's Day.'" In fact, when Liu Guocheng went to the construction site to deliver things to his father, it had been nearly 20 years since the construction of the Qingcai River Water Conservancy Project began. 
Green Vegetable River Canyon
In 1957, the then Maoba District Party Committee, District Office, and the leaders of nine communes, including Maoba, Longjing, Liying, Jiucang, Xiaowan, Houshan, Lianghe, and Dutang, submitted a request to the Renhuai County Party Committee and the county ** for the construction of the Qingcai River Water Conservancy Project after repeated studies and full discussions.
According to the original site selection, the site of the dam of the Qingcai River Water Conservancy Project is located in the Tianshengqiao River section downstream of the current dam site, with a planned dam height of 50 meters and a channel 115 kilometers, and then build 3 "knot reservoirs" and 10 small mountain ponds along the channel. However, after investigation by the Zunyi area and the water conservancy department of Guizhou Province, it was decided to move the dam site to the current site and use it as a scientific experiment project of "directional blasting dam construction".
"Directional blasting dam construction", in layman's terms, is to directly use the collapsed earth and rock to block the river channel and build a reservoir dam by blasting the mountains on both sides. This plan was proposed by Liu Defu, the construction engineer of the Sichuan-Guizhou Railway of the Ministry of Railways, after on-site investigation and demonstration, based on the realistic conditions that the dam site is located in the mountains and mountains, there is no road to pass, and the cost of material transportation is high.
On November 14, 1959, the construction of the Qingcai River Water Conservancy Project began. The first to be built was the main trunk canal, as well as the excavation of diversion tunnels and caverns for filling the explosives used to blast the mountain. According to the design, the construction personnel should first dig out 10 caverns with a total length of 300 meters on the cliff, and then load 2297 tons of explosives, 15 blast rocks850,000 square meters, throwing 630,000 square meters, as the stone required for the dam.
Remnants of blast holes in the rock wall
The project was to build the canal first, and then the dam. Moreover, the construction of the main canal within a few kilometers of the dam could not be blasted, but only hammered and chiseled. He said that when he arrived at the construction site as an adult, he learned that it was to prevent the seismic waves from repeated blasting from endangering the future foundation of the dam.
II. II. II
Maoba, Jiucang, Longjing, Houshan and other places originally belonged to the jurisdiction of Maoba District, and they were also the main grain producing areas of Renhuai. However, at that time, due to the cutting of the mountain, there was a serious shortage of water, and many of the fertile fields in the dam area could only grow miscellaneous grains, not much rice, resulting in food shortage and poverty. The smooth mouth made up by people is a true portrayal of the local water shortage and poverty: "Thirsty to drink cold water in Longtang, hungry to eat millet tartary buckwheat, pine to add a bowl of safflower, it is better to fry green vegetables." And the Longtang, Lengshui, Millet (City), Tartary Buckwheat (Village), Yiwan (Well), Safflower (Ling), Fried (Jianshan), and Green Vegetables (Ao) in this passage are all place names.
The Qingcai River water conservancy project was started, and the enthusiasm of the cadres and the masses was very high; from the district office to the commune, and then to the production brigade and production team, people brought their own food and tools, rushed to the designated work site over the mountains and mountains, built a shack in the deep mountains, and threw themselves into the construction of the project. According to the data, during this period, the villagers in the 9 communes participated in the construction, and more than 4,300 people were on the 18-kilometer main canal construction site every day, including more than 2,700 men and more than 1,400 women.
DifrequentonMain trunk canal
Two-story rock, oil trough basket, monkeys can't climb in, who wants to build a ditch, unless they die. Another folk song circulated by the local folk describes the hardships of the 18-kilometer main canal.
In these places, most of the cliffs are about 400 meters high, and the main trunk canal of the Qingcai River Water Conservancy Project must pass through the waist of the cliff. The villagers drawn from each commune formed a "spearhead squad", using baskets, ropes, and white cloths to hang people on the cliffs and blast rocks. During the construction of the oil groove basket, Tu Zaiqin and other 18 young women from Jiucang Commune took the initiative to join the "pioneer class", and spent 150 days with 3 young men to dig a plank road for people to pass on the cliff where they "looked up at the sky and wanted to fall, and looked down at the river bones that had been scattered", so that the team could enter the operation.
The Qingcai River Water Conservancy Project is a typical "trilateral project", that is, while surveying, while designing, and at the same time construction. During this period, the design scheme was adjusted several times. At the same time, due to national policy adjustments and financial guarantees, several up and down.
In August 1960, in the campaign of "protecting steel with grain, increasing production and saving", the construction of the Qingcai River Water Conservancy Project was suspended. At this time, the stone square of the main trunk canal has been completed 1730,000 square meters, earthwork 430,000 square meters; 99 meters of diversion canals; The four chambers that have been excavated are 3 to 4 meters wide and 30 to 40 meters long, each 3 to 40 meters long. Zhao Xian'an, who used to work in Maoba District, recalled that in fact, this time the construction was only stopped, and other related work was not stopped. "The district party committee, the district office and the county water conservancy department worked closely together to use this time to pay close attention to the survey, design, and submission of materials, and strive for provincial and regional projects. He wrote.
Three
In September 1965, after hard work, the project resumed. Despite the busy farming season, the number of villagers working on the construction site every day has never been less than 600. In the slack season, there are more than 2,000 people, as well as commandos, focusing on rushing to repair the dam road, barrage water diversion, main trunk canal, and rebuild the canal section that collapsed after the last completion. By 1970, the highway from Qingcaiao to the dam site of the reservoir was opened, the 18-kilometer main canal from Qingcaihe to Qingcaiao was opened, and the Tianmenya tunnel was opened.
At the beginning of 1971, the Qingcai River Water Conservancy Project began to be dammed, and the east and west trunk canals and branch canals were all started. By the end of the year, more than 4,000 people were working on the whole line every day. At this time, in view of the fact that the original design of the dam could not discharge flood water from the crest during the flood season, the dam type was adjusted to gravity dam, the dam type standard was raised, and a new power station behind the dam was added.
Qingcai River Reservoir
Liu Guocheng and Chen Guanglu's parents were all fighting on the construction site at this time.
At that time, people were prepared not to return until the reservoirs and canals were repaired. Liu Guocheng said that the Longjing Commune also sent logistics personnel to reclaim corn fields and vegetable fields on the hillside near the reservoir, plant corn, cabbage, lotus white, and raise pigs and chickens to ensure the livelihood and supply of the villagers participating in the construction of the commune.
In order to improve the efficiency of the operation, in addition to fighting at night, people have been fighting on the construction site for 8 consecutive years and 30 years of the Chinese New Year's Eve, and have also come up with many new methods. For example, by erecting a slip wire between two mountains, heavy objects are lifted in the air; Take advantage of the height difference to build slide rails and quickly transport materials; Design a dual-purpose hoe for digging soil and planing stones; Torch throwing and other methods are used to speed up the smoke exhaust of the tunnel; Ammonium nitrate, grain bran, etc. are used to make soil explosives to solve the shortage of blasting materials.
Because of the resumption of the Qingcai River water conservancy project, the deep edge of the mountain has become lively. "I heard that there is a hospital and a movie theater, and there is a movie every week. Chen Guanglu said that the movie of learning iron man Wang Jinxi has also been screened here.
On the evening of December 25, 1959, a 20-year-old young woman from Houshan Commune tripped over a steel drill under her feet and fell off a cliff to die while beckoning her companions to retreat; On December 31, a villager named Zeng Xianbu died in the hospital three days later after falling off a cliff due to a slippery road due to rain and a slippery road during the construction of the Gaojiayan section. On January 8, 1960, villager Zhu Zhanguo was hit on the head by a falling rock while working in Gaojiayan and died; On September 27, 1965, Chen Guozhi, head of the armed forces department of Maoba Commune, was killed by a falling hanging stone at the construction site of Youchuqing; On November 10, Chen Guanghua, a villager who participated in the construction, was hit and killed by a hanging stone on the way back to avoid after lighting a cannon at Youchuqing; On June 19, 1966, the second-layer rock overhanging rock rolled down, smashing Chen Guochao, a villager who was working, off the cliff; In the summer of 1972, 14 villagers were having dinner at the construction site of the second layer of rock when the rock under their feet collapsed and they rolled down the cliff ...... more than 200 meters deep
With the spirit of Yugong moving mountains, Renhuai people finally built the Qingcai River Reservoir with a storage capacity of 7 million cubic meters in the canyon, which became a big water tank for the people in the mountainous areas of southern Renhuai.
Four
In March 1976, the Qingcai River Reservoir was officially opened to store water. Liu Guocheng clearly remembers that on the day of the gate, the headquarters issued a purchase ticket for a piece of soap, a pair of batteries, and four taels of meat to everyone who participated in the construction of the dam. "Even though I still have to pay for these things, in those days, it was a very enviable benefit to be able to receive these tickets. He said.
After the reservoir was lowered, an interesting incident happened that Chen Guanglu still remembers vividly
Considering the transportation of materials after the reservoir was lowered, a technician built a 5-ton ship with a load of cement on the construction site of the reservoir dam area after repeated demonstrations. However, after the reservoir was lowered, the water was about to flood the boat, but the boat remained in place.
Could it be that I made a mistake in my calculations? The technician was sweating profusely.
At that time, the cement produced by all cement plants in the province must first meet the construction site of Wujiangdu Hydropower Station. Since 1975, the cement supply has been very tight in the water conservancy project of the Qingcaihe Hydropower Station. In order to ensure the construction of the project, Renhuai County allocated funds and dispatched a large number of technicians and people to build a cement plant with an annual output of 3,000 tons in Maoba No. 2 Bend in seven months, and a hydropower station with an installed capacity of 250 kilowatts in the Mengjiaqiao section of the Wuma River to supply power to the cement plant.
Chen Guanglu said that if the ship really could not float, it was entirely possible that this technician would be branded as "sabotaging revolutionary production" according to the circumstances at that time.
Ignoring the freezing cold of the river, the technician jumped into the water to find the cause, and found that it was caused by the cement mortar that seeped to the bottom during the shipbuilding and partially adhered to the ground. So, he hurriedly beckoned everyone, and used steel drills and sticks to pry vigorously to separate the adhesion between the bottom of the ship and the rocks, and finally let the boat float.
This cement ship, which has been used as a work boat, shuttles through the reservoir area where the water level is gradually rising, transporting engineering materials, and also transporting grain and vegetables planted on the mountains by the logistics personnel of Longjing Commune. It was not until many years later that it sank during an overloaded timber delivery when it encountered a storm to take refuge.
Now, during the dry season, you can still see its raised bow. Chen Guanglu said that if it can be salvaged and sent to the museum, it will definitely attract many people.
In October 1977, the Qingcaihe Reservoir Dam Dam Hydropower Station was completed to generate electricity.
Five
After the lower sluice of the Qingcai River Reservoir was impounded, the water storage condition was good. The clear water of the Qingcai River, along the more than 100 kilometers of main trunk canals, east-west trunk canals and many branch canals dug on the cliffs, crosses the mountains and mountains, and supplies water to the communes such as Maoba, Xiaowan and Lianghe along the line, so that more than 8,400 acres of paddy fields have been irrigated.
However, due to the complex terrain conditions, insufficient funds and materials, etc., there are still a large number of projects to be built in the Qingcai River Water Conservancy Project. Moreover, the part that has been put into use has also had serious leakage and other problems, resulting in more than 1,400 acres of irrigation of more than 8,400 acres of rice fields that have benefited.
Therefore, the report on the continuation of the Qingcai River water conservancy project was once again sent to the Zunyi Prefecture, the Guizhou Provincial Water Conservancy Department, and even the Guizhou Provincial People's Congress.
Today's Liming Village, because of the severe drought, once had the saying of "stove hole". It is said that someone once wrote a link to the local fairy cave and the immortal stone scenic spot: the immortal cave immortal stone is difficult to lower the temperature of the dawn stove hole even if there are immortals. Earlier, when the relevant leaders of Renhuai County investigated, they had planned to implement the project and build an irrigation station to lift water from the Liming River for irrigation, but due to the huge investment, they failed to fulfill their wishes.
The channel of the Qingcai River water conservancy project should also be repaired here. However, the Dawn Tunnel, where the canal runs through the mountain, is a "hard bone", and due to equipment and financial reasons, it was not opened until 1987. Zhao Xian'an, who was the commander of the supporting project for the continuation of the Qingcaihe Reservoir at that time, felt the enthusiasm of the upper link and the masses to repair the canal, and wrote the following link: Although the Wuli branch canal of Wulipo has no five miles, it can change the appearance of poverty in the ancient town.
Zhao Xian'an said in his reminiscence article that this link played a role in mobilizing the masses of Liming to rush to repair the Liming Tunnel to the Hongqi Branch Canal of Wulipo and speed up the excavation of the Liming Tunnel. In 1989, the Liming Tunnel was finally opened, and then from the mouth of the tunnel, more than 4 kilometers of branch canals were built to Wulipo, so that more than 1,000 acres of land in the three villages of Liming, Wanglongping and Jiajiaoshan were irrigated.
Six
From 1986 to 1996, the province, prefecture and county increased investment many times, and the main construction of the entire project was basically completed. However, due to lack of funds, some of the projects originally designed for the Qingcai River Water Conservancy Project were not implemented. For example, an irrigation station was built to irrigate 6,000 acres of land from the reservoir to Houshan Township; The West Trunk Canal was only built to Renhe Village, and the original design of the pigeon pass was not built.
Despite this, the Qingcai River water conservancy project, which has lasted for more than 40 years, still has a huge effect. After the project is put into use, it can irrigate 14,900 acres of paddy fields and provide drinking water for more than 70,000 people. At the same time, in order to maintain the water and soil in the reservoir area, not only the no-logging area has been demarcated, but also large-scale artificial afforestation activities have been carried out to reduce soil erosion. In addition, the construction of two hydropower stations, a cement plant, and the later addition and repair of the Zhangjiatun Hydropower Station for comprehensive utilization have provided support for the lighting and capital construction of some towns in the mountainous area of southern Renhuai and the adjacent Jinsha County.
Today, with the need for environmental protection, the cement plant and hydropower station built in those years have been shut down and dismantled, but the Qingcai River water conservancy project still continues to supply water to the mountainous area in the south of Renhuai. The spirit of people's tenacious struggle against harsh natural conditions is becoming a strong driving force to inspire future generations to forge ahead, promote the high-quality development of Renhuai, and promote Chinese-style modernization. (Photo by Feng Zeyu).