The apoe gene is located on chromosome 19 and is 37 kb with 4 exons. The APOE gene has two SNPs RS429358 and RS7412, and three alleles 2, 3, and 4, among which 3 mutations are the most common, and they combine with each other to form 6 main genotypes: 2 2, 2 3, 2 4, 3 3, 3 4, and 4 4. Although the three APOE proteins differ by only one amino residue in their primary structure, their spatial conformations are very different, resulting in different phenotypes of APOE having very different effects in disease.
The genotype of APOE affects the health and lifestyle of the human body for life, it guides the individual's eating habits, helps maintain good physical condition, prevents a series of major diseases, and once the disease occurs, it also determines the individualization of the difference**.
APOE4 is strongly associated with high total cholesterol (TC), high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high apolipoprotein B (APOB) levels. Susceptible to arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, etc.
In a 2014 study on the association between APOE gene polymorphisms and coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese, Zhang, M d.A total of 6634 patients with coronary heart disease and 6393 trial controls were analyzed in 61 studies, and the results showed that the risk of coronary heart disease in 4 carriers in the Chinese population was 96% higher than that of 3 3 homozygous genotypes. In independent analysis comparisons of genotypes, people with genotypes 2 4, 3 4, and 4 4 were all shown to be more susceptible to coronary heart disease than 3 3. In addition, the effect of E2 gene on coronary heart disease in Chinese is also related to ethnicity, and the 2 allele in non-Han Chinese may have a protective effect.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a multi-geriatric disease caused by genetics, environment and other factors, and has gradually become younger and more upward in recent years. Among the many hair elements, lipid metabolism disorders, especially hypercholesterolemia, are most closely related to it. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is an important component of plasma lipoproteins and plays a major role in lipid transport and metabolism. Therefore, APOE plays a key role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. In 1992, the Laboratory of Chemical Genetics and Metabolism of Rockefeller University and the Laboratory of Pathological Genetics of the University of North Carolina successfully bred APOE knockout mice using embryonic stem cell gene knockout technology, which can form severe hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis regardless of normal or high-fat diet.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, and its main pathological features include senile plaques composed of amyloid (-amyloid, A) and neuronal fibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated protein. Its incidence is related to APOE gene polymorphisms, about 60% of 80% of AD patients have at least one E4 allele, domestic and foreign studies have shown that carrying 1 E4 allele increases the risk by 2 4 times, while people with 2 E4 alleles have an 8 12-fold increased risk. Compared with non-E4 carriers, the average age of onset of E4 carriers is reduced by about 12 years. Therefore, APOE4 carriers: AD has a high incidence and an early age of onset.
The apoe gene is located on chromosome 19 and is 37 kb with 4 exons. The APOE gene has two SNPs RS429358 and RS7412, and three alleles 2, 3, and 4, among which 3 mutations are the most common, and they combine with each other to form 6 main genotypes: 2 2, 2 3, 2 4, 3 3, 3 4, and 4 4. Although the three APOE proteins differ by only one amino residue in their primary structure, their spatial conformations are very different, resulting in different phenotypes of APOE having very different effects in disease.
The genotype of APOE affects the health and lifestyle of the human body for life, it guides the individual's eating habits, helps maintain good physical condition, prevents a series of major diseases, and once the disease occurs, it also determines the individualization of the difference**.
APOE4 is strongly associated with high total cholesterol (TC), high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high apolipoprotein B (APOB) levels. Susceptible to arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, etc.
In a 2014 study on the association between APOE gene polymorphisms and coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese, Zhang, M d.A total of 6634 patients with coronary heart disease and 6393 trial controls were analyzed in 61 studies, and the results showed that the risk of coronary heart disease in 4 carriers in the Chinese population was 96% higher than that of 3 3 homozygous genotypes. In independent analysis comparisons of genotypes, people with genotypes 2 4, 3 4, and 4 4 were all shown to be more susceptible to coronary heart disease than 3 3. In addition, the effect of E2 gene on coronary heart disease in Chinese is also related to ethnicity, and the 2 allele in non-Han Chinese may have a protective effect.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a multi-geriatric disease caused by genetics, environment and other factors, and has gradually become younger and more upward in recent years. Among the many hair elements, lipid metabolism disorders, especially hypercholesterolemia, are most closely related to it. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is an important component of plasma lipoproteins and plays a major role in lipid transport and metabolism. Therefore, APOE plays a key role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. In 1992, the Laboratory of Chemical Genetics and Metabolism of Rockefeller University and the Laboratory of Pathological Genetics of the University of North Carolina successfully bred APOE knockout mice using embryonic stem cell gene knockout technology, which can form severe hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis regardless of normal or high-fat diet.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, and its main pathological features include senile plaques composed of amyloid (-amyloid, A) and neuronal fibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated protein. Its incidence is related to APOE gene polymorphisms, about 60% of 80% of AD patients have at least one E4 allele, domestic and foreign studies have shown that carrying 1 E4 allele increases the risk by 2 4 times, while people with 2 E4 alleles have an 8 12-fold increased risk. Compared with non-E4 carriers, the average age of onset of E4 carriers is reduced by about 12 years. Therefore, APOE4 carriers: AD has a high incidence and an early age of onset.