Germanium is a rare metal with high purity, high melting point, high hardness and high conductivity, and is widely used in semiconductors, optical fibers, photovoltaics, military and other fields. Germanium flakes are a form of germanium, which is a product of cutting germanium ingots into thin slices, mainly used to make components such as infrared lenses, solar cell substrates and optical fiber preforms. Germanium flakes will produce certain wastes during use, and these wastes still contain high germanium content, which can be reused by **, which not only saves resources, but also reduces environmental pollution. So, how much is a kilogram of germanium flakes, and what is the process? This article will introduce it to you in detail.
First of all, the quality of germanium flakes fluctuates due to various factors such as market supply and demand, purity of germanium flakes, and best channels. According to the market**, the domestic market for germanium is about 9,300 yuan per kilogram. However, due to the fact that germanium flakes need to go through a series of processes such as refining and purification, the actual process is usually lower than that of the market. The actual amount of germanium is usually about 2,000 to 7,000 yuan per gram. Therefore, the first grade of germanium flakes is about 2,000 to 7,000 yuan per kilogram, and the specific ones should be determined according to the morphology, purity, quantity, supply and demand of germanium flakes and other factors.
Secondly, germanium from discarded germanium flakes is a complex process that involves various steps and techniques. This article briefly describes the four main steps, which are leaching, purification, conversion and reduction, and refining.
Leaching: Germanium flakes are soaked in acidic solutions (such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, etc.) to react germanium with acid to form germanate. Subsequently, through filtration, washing, drying and other steps, germanate is obtained.
Purification: germanate is reacted with an appropriate amount of organic solvent (such as diethyl ether, benzene, etc.), and germanium is selectively extracted from the leaching solution by solvent extraction. The purified solution is then washed and stripped to remove any remaining impurities to obtain germanium tetrachloride.
Conversion and reduction: germanium tetrachloride is reacted with an appropriate amount of iodine, and the germanium compound is converted into germanium tetraiodide by purification, and then reduced with hydrogen to produce metal germanium.
Refining: Germanium metal is reacted with the right amount of hydrogen to remove any remaining impurities and achieve the desired level of purity using regional refining to obtain a high-purity germanium product.
Finally, germanium from discarded germanium flakes is an efficient way to use resources, not only to save costs, but also to protect the environment. However, there are also some challenges and difficulties in germanium flakes, such as the collection and classification of germanium flakes, the optimization and improvement of the first process, the research and development and investment of the first equipment, and the improvement of efficiency and quality. Therefore, it is necessary to support and cooperate with all parties to strengthen the technological innovation and management norms of germanium chips and promote the sustainable development of germanium chips.