Wheat rust is the main disease of wheat, it is a general term for stripe rust, leaf rust, stalk rust, and the common people are also "jaundice". In large years, wheat yield can be reduced by more than 30 percent, and some even reach more than 60 percent. Therefore, rust is the main factor hindering the high yield of wheat, and it is an important measure to prevent and control rust as soon as possible, adopt the strategy of focusing on prevention, and prevent the disease without seeing the disease.
How to do a good job in rust prevention? First of all, recognize rust.
There are three main types of wheat rust: stalk rust, leaf rust and stripe rust, which have certain similarities and differences.
Similarities: These three diseases will cause large macula to appear in the early stage of wheat leaf stalks, leaf sheaths, leaves, etc., and then the macula will be connected into patches with growth, forming rust-colored powder sores, which is the manifestation of summer spore aggregation, and when the disease enters the later stage, black spots will appear in these locations, which is the manifestation of winter spore aggregation. When the wheat plant rust appears, it will be very seriously affected, which will not only reduce photosynthesis, but also cause a large amount of water loss of wheat plants, reduce the fullness and filling of grains, make wheat leaves prematurely senescent, and then seriously reduce the yield of wheat.
Differences: Stem rust is characterized by large lesions, leaf rust is characterized by scattered lesions, and stripe rust is characterized by the distribution of lesions in rows. Leaf rust and stripe rust are the most harmful to wheat leaves. Stem rust is the most harmful to leaf sheaths and stems!
Pathogens (mainly summer spores and mycelium) oversummer and overwinter on wheat and grasses. Oversummer pathogens can make autumn seedlings sick. After the beginning of spring, overwintering bacteria (summer spores) directly attack the wheat, or the germs are transmitted from afar by air currents, causing the disease of wheat in the region. Later, the pathogens continued to multiply on the diseased wheat and attacked the wheat many times.
Rust control methods.
The prevention and control of wheat rust should follow the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control", and the prevention and control of wheat rust should not only closely monitor the occurrence information of the disease, but also achieve scientific planting and scientific use of pesticides.
Chemical control coating and seed dressing: 02% is the amount used, with a concentration of 20% powder rust rather than seeds, you can also 015% is the dosage used, and the seeds are coated with a concentration of 2% Rickxiu, and if powder rust is used, it should be sown 6 8 hours after the end of seed dressing, which can effectively prevent wheat rust.
After the wheat returns to green, spray 30 oxoxystrobin oxazole suspension, 30 40 ml per mu mixed with 30 kg of water, and the prevention effect is better.
Initial drug use: the infection rate of straw rust is 1 5%, the infection rate of leaf rust is 5 10%, and the infection rate of stripe rust is 1 2%, and the three stages of pesticide spraying have a good inhibitory effect on wheat rust, and the specific ways are as follows. It can be sprayed with about 500 ml of 25% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 750 kg of water, or it can be sprayed with 600 grams of rust with a concentration of 25% rather wet powder mixed with a certain amount of water.
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