In the 80s of the last century, when the author was still in college in Beijing, by chance, a classmate who lived in the "compound" got a few movie tickets and brought several of our classmates from other places who had never seen the world to the "Military Expo".
It was there that I first saw a kind of film called "military education film".
In fact, "military education films" have long appeared in our army, but it was not until after 1958 that "military education films" really impressed and talked about people, and the reason is that "military education films" changed the rigid preaching form in the past and began to be filmed in the form of feature films.
Movies that belong to this category are: "Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge", "Mine Warfare", "Tunnel Warfare" and so on, their biggest feature is that they are "faithful to history", the stories they tell are real, and most of the details are realistic.
Stills from the movie "Surprise Attack".
In 1958, the military education film "Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge" shot by Bayi Film Studio was one such movie.
It is said that when this film was filmed, all the war scenes were filmed on the battlefield of that year, and the soldiers of the Volunteer Army were played by the officers and soldiers of the famous "Long Live Army", the participating troops of that year.
The ** they used in their hands are all the "real guys" of the year, of course, it is impossible to use live ammunition considering safety factors, but if you replace it with live ammunition, the lethality can be imagined.
What's even more interesting is that because they are not professional actors, the officers and soldiers are lively as soon as they speak, and the standard "southern accent and northern tone" and "variety" are varied.
There is also a special case in this movie that has been rare so far, with the special approval of the superiors, the deputy commander of the "Long Live Army" personally played the role of the "division commander" of the volunteer army in the movie, how can a high-level officer act as an "actor", such a thing has never happened before.
It can be seen from this that our army attaches great importance to the filming of this movie, so what kind of story is the "Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge"?
Stills from the movie "Surprise Attack".
The reason why this battle case is so famous is that it is of great significance, and the success of this surprise attack directly determines the victory of the second battle; The second is because the process is very dangerous and thrilling.
In late November 1950, MacArthur ordered the combined forces of the United States and South Korea on the eastern and western fronts to attack the Yalu River. The countermeasures of the volunteers were: lure the enemy into the depths and use the tactics of large corps interspersed to encircle and annihilate the enemy in front of them.
Mr. Peng chose the direction of the second campaign as the focus of the offensive on the Western Front, and the enemies in front of him were the US 1st Army, the 9th Army, and the ROK 2nd Army, and the commander was Walker, commander of the US 8th Army.
Mr. Peng found that Walker arranged the US 1st Army and the 9th Army on the left flank, and the ROK 2nd Army on the right flank, and the US troops on the left flank made a fatal mistake, they lightly advanced the enemy, and the ROK troops on the right flank did not have time to follow up, and all fell on both sides of the Datong River.
This is precisely the perfect opportunity for our volunteer army to carry out the interspersing of large corps. Mr. Peng quickly made a decision: the 38th Army and the 42nd Army would carry out a detour, ** behind the US army, and outflank the US army before and after the other four armies attacking frontally.
Stills from the movie "Surprise Attack".
General Han Xianchu, deputy commander of the Volunteer Army, then rushed to the front line, and was entrusted by Mr. Peng to command the 38th and 42nd armies in the most advanced position.
At that time, the division of labor was as follows: the 38th Army was responsible for breaking through from Tokugawa and must completely annihilate the 7th Division of the ROK Army there, and the 42nd Army was responsible for breaking through from Ningyuan.
General Liang Xingchu, commander of the 38th Army, considered that in order to completely annihilate the South Korean army, it was necessary to cut off their retreat. All at once, he found a vital part of the map.
This is the Wuling Bridge on the Taedong River on the south side of Tokugawa, and once our 38th Army launches an attack, the ROK 7th Division will definitely retreat from here, and at the same time, if the American army comes to reinforce it, this bridge is the best route.
Boom! Liang Xingchu smashed his fist on the map: "Blow it up!" ”
As a result, the 38th Army quickly set up a small detachment, and the task was very clear: to blow up the bridge and block it.
Personally appointed by Commander Liang Xingchu, Zhang Kuiyin, deputy chief of the reconnaissance section of the 38 th Army, became the head of the detachment; although it was called a "small detachment," it was actually not small, and there were a total of 323 people in the reconnaissance company directly under the 38 th Army, the reconnaissance company of the 113 th Division, the engineer detachment, and the translators and signal troops.
Zhang Kuiyin set off with his team, and the first problem they faced was how to pass through the enemy's forward positions.
Stills from the movie "Surprise Attack".
Steal paths, drill ravines, and avoid enemies! Zhang Kuiyin decisively issued an order, and the squad moved quickly, avoiding the enemy's warning post without knowing it.
But the problem also comes, it is safer to do this, but it is easy to go the wrong way and waste time, what should I do?
Zhang Kuiyin decided to take the road "above board".
As a result, a "South Korean Army" unit appeared on the main road between the valleys, and they were all disguised by the commanders and fighters of the 38th Army squad.
For example, Han Jun asked, "Which unit?" ”
The interpreter of the squad replied: "One brigade".
Han Jun asked again: "From **?" ”
The interpreter replied, "From the front".
Ask again: "Go to **?" ”
The interpreter then replied: "Go to the back".
When encountering a small group of enemies, the squad chooses to "strike first", the enemy first, and then immediately seize the road and run; When encountering a large number of South Korean troops, or passing through an important enemy defense area, the detachment chose to make a detour.
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea**.
Since the area where the detachment traveled was occupied by the enemy, there were ROK troops stationed on the hills on both sides of the valley road, and the commanders and fighters of the detachment could clearly hear the voices of the ROK army camp.
In this way, the detachment went straight all the way, "crossing the mountains and crossing the water", and if they could, they would go around, and if they couldn't get around, they would fight, and they rushed to the Wuling Bridge on time at the cost of sacrificing only one person.
It was dark, the scheduled time to blow up the bridge was up, and the commanders and fighters of the squad were like divine soldiers descending from the sky, they rushed to the bridge from the mountain, and the Korean troops guarding the bridge were caught off guard, and before they could react, they were all wiped out by the detachment.
In the end, the team successfully blew up the Wuling Bridge within the scheduled time, perfectly completing the strategic intent.
In 1958, Comrade Wei Decai, then director of the reconnaissance department of the 38th Army, did one thing: he gathered the comrades of the reconnaissance department of the 38th Army together and asked them to sum up their wartime reconnaissance experience and prepare for the training and education of new comrades.
Zhang Kuiyin, the leader of the squad at that time, quickly handed in the "homework", and he wrote down the experience of leading the squad to blow up the Wuling Bridge, and Wei Decai was immediately attracted by its tortuous process and thrilling plot.
Wei Decai was not unaware of the battle, but Zhang Kuiyin's previous battle report was very general, and the focus of the report was the result of the successful "blowing up the bridge", but he didn't expect this process to be so "dramatic".
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea**.
Wei Decai was excited, so he came up with the idea of using this experience as material to shoot a military education film with a story.
The General Staff Department soon sent an order to the "Long Live Army": "This idea is very good, and we will immediately assign the Bayi Factory to your department to discuss the filming matters, and your department should actively cooperate." ”
With the professional guidance and shooting of Bayi Film Studio, the film quickly began filming with the cooperation of the whole army of the "Long Live Army".
Since this film reflects a real battle example, in order to strive for authenticity, the director of Bayi Factory proposed: "Can the veteran soldiers who participated in the surprise attack on Wuling Bridge participate in the performance?" ”
They are all good at fighting, but let them act ......All right? The relevant leaders of the 38th Army, including Zhang Kuiyin, felt that this move was not feasible.
The director affirmed: "I believe they will be able to do it, and besides, my request to them is very simple, what was it back then, how it is now." ”
The leader of the 38th Army reluctantly agreed, and before filming started, the director made another request: "There is a role of a division commander in the movie, I think it is more suitable for you 38th Army to send someone to play it." ”
The director also added conditions: "This person should be a division commander who leads troops to fight, and he must have an aura, and that kind of general demeanor is not something that anyone can play." ”
The leaders of the 38th Army made a difficult mistake this time, and in the end, Luo Kunshan, deputy commander of the 38th Army, entered the crew hard.
As expected, this "military education film" received rave reviews after its release in the whole army.
Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea**.
In order to let more people see the movie "Surprise Attack on Wuling Bridge", in 1960, Bayi Film Studio reported to the higher authorities for approval to remake the film into a feature film "Surprise Attack" that could be shown to the public.
In the process of remaking, the movie "Surprise Attack" deleted a large number of military terms and tactical analysis shots, and the main actors were also replaced by professional actors from Bayi Factory.
In that year, after this film was released nationwide, it was unanimously praised and sincerely loved by the whole country and the whole army.
Because of this movie, actor Daniel Zhang became famous in one fell swoop, and in the movie "Surprise Attack", he played Fang Yong, the commander of the reconnaissance company with both wisdom and bravery, and the prototype of Fang Yong's character was Comrade Zhang Kuiyin, who was then the deputy chief of the reconnaissance section of the "Long Live Army".
Finally, it is recommended that older friends revisit this classic movie, and it is recommended that younger friends take the time to watch this movie.
What is War? Who is the cutest person? I'm sure you'll find out.