Acidic copper-containing wastewater is mainly used in electroplating, metallurgy, mining and other industries, which contains a large number of heavy metal ions, such as copper, iron, zinc, etc., as well as anions such as sulfate. This wastewater has caused serious harm to the environment and ecosystems. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an effective process for the treatment of acidic copper-containing wastewater.
Treatment process
Chemical precipitation: Chemical precipitation is a common method for treating acidic copper-containing wastewater. By adding an appropriate amount of precipitant to the wastewater, such as hydroxides, sulfides, etc., the copper ions form an insoluble precipitate, and then separate them from the wastewater by precipitation, filtration and other methods. Chemical precipitation has the advantages of simple operation and good treatment effect, but it requires the use of a large number of chemical reagents, and the treatment and disposal of precipitate also need to consider environmental protection issues.
Redox method: The redox method is to convert copper ions into insoluble or low-solubility substances through oxidation or reduction reactions, so as to achieve the purpose of removing copper ions. Commonly used oxidants include ozone, sodium hypochlorite, etc., and commonly used reducing agents include ferrous sulfate, sulfite, etc. The redox method has the advantages of good treatment effect and wide range of application, but a large number of chemical reagents need to be used in the treatment process, and toxic and harmful gases may be produced, so corresponding safety measures need to be taken.
Adsorption method: The adsorption method uses the adsorption of adsorbents to separate copper ions from wastewater. Commonly used adsorbents include activated carbon, resins, etc. The adsorption method has the advantages of simple operation and good treatment effect, but the regeneration and disposal of adsorbents are also issues that need to be considered.
Biological treatment: Biological treatment is to use the metabolism of microorganisms to convert copper ions into harmless substances, so as to achieve the purpose of removing copper ions. Biological treatment has the advantages of environmental protection and energy saving, but it requires suitable microbial populations and suitable environmental conditions, and the treatment time is long.