It has always been the goal of the poor to turn over and become the masters of society and enjoy a better life. The concept of common prosperity was originally put forward by ***. However, the attempt at common prosperity in that era did not come true because of the rapid pace and the natural law of economic development and history.
This history should be fairly appraised and should not be written off. ** The original intention and basic principles still have a positive enlightening effect on today. What if he had been able to slow down then?
Realizing a good life for the poor is the vision of our youth and the germ of the idea of common prosperity. Through the study of relevant works, it can be found that the idea of common prosperity has long been born, and it is committed to this lifelong struggle.
Only a few people get rich first, which is not the same as common prosperity. ** The proposal for common prosperity is obviously based on the interests of the broadest masses of the people.
Although ***'s family conditions were acceptable, he laughed at himself for coming from a rich peasant family, but during the Shaoshan Chong period, the young *** could not bear to see the poor suffer. When there was a food crisis in Changsha and the poor people snatched the food of the Mao family, the young *** not only did not resent it, but secretly supported this behavior. Since then, he has set up a simple ideal: to free all the world's working people from oppression and exploitation, and to achieve a common prosperity and happiness.
Obviously, in the era of growth, common prosperity is still difficult to achieve. What should I do? Initially, it was hoped that through the popularization of education, the people's wisdom would be enlightened and the situation of the country would be improved. The young *** once lamented that "Datong is what our people yearn for" and shouted "poverty must be eliminated". These cries are not for those who live well, but for those at the bottom who are suffering deeply.
But reformism ultimately failed and had to choose to "crush this unjust old world" and instead become the leader of the proletarian revolution, which was forced out by Chiang Kai-shek, in his own words.
In 1949, the People's Republic of China was finally established after hardships, which provided a national foundation for further exploration and practice.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the People's Republic of China immediately began to put it into practice, trying to open up a road to common prosperity for the broad masses of the people. The whole direction is to advance along the socialist road and build a strong socialist state. Specific measures include the establishment of cooperatives and people's communes to lift the agricultural population out of poverty, and then to develop other areas to gradually improve the living standards of the whole population.
Objectively speaking, this is the most innovative idea, with far-reaching forward-looking, even if it later encounters failure, it cannot deny its brave spirit of trying.
The term "common prosperity" first appeared in 1953. In December of that year, the "Decision on the Development of Agricultural Production Cooperatives" was issued, and there is no doubt that this decision was proposed and reviewed by ***. This year, "common prosperity" appeared for the first time in the ** document.
In order to further enhance the efficiency of agricultural production, the party's core task in the rural areas is to educate and encourage the peasant masses to gradually organize themselves and realize the socialist reform of agriculture through simple and clear principles and methods, so as to transform the backward small-scale individual economy into an advanced large-scale cooperative economy, resolve the contradiction between the uncoordinated development of industry and agriculture, and enable the peasants to gradually shake off poverty and achieve common prosperity and universal prosperity. ”
In 1955, the concept of common prosperity was once again emphasized in the report "On the Question of Agricultural Cooperativeization".
At the same time, in the process of realizing socialist industrialization and the socialist transformation of handicraft industry, capitalist industry and commerce, the socialist transformation of agriculture as a whole should be gradually realized, that is, the kulak economy and the individual economic system should be eliminated through cooperativeization, so that all peasants will become prosperous together."
In October of the same year, at the symposium on the socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce, ** mentioned common prosperity again, he said: "We can become richer and stronger year by year, and we can see rich and strong growth every year." This kind of wealth is shared by everyone, and this kind of power is shared by everyone. ”
Everyone shares" - this is the vision of common prosperity that has always been the best thing, representing common prosperity for the sake of the general public.
** The practical principle of common prosperity is correct in itself, but the pace of implementation is too fast. To tell the truth, in the initial stage, the concept of common prosperity was practical, clear and scientific, showing rational thinking.
First of all, at the institutional level, he unswervingly followed the socialist road. ** We know that as a country dominated by agriculture, the only way to achieve common prosperity is to choose the socialist road. As a result, he was wary of capitalism all his life.
Secondly, in terms of the material base, he understood that the development of the productive forces must be promoted. ** He once said that "the fundamental purpose of the socialist revolution is to emancipate the productive forces", clearly knowing that poverty is not the goal of socialism, and his vision is to make the vast number of peasants rich.
Therefore, the pursuit of poverty was not the goal of Mao's era, but the limitation of that era.
"We are still an agrarian country," he said. On such a basis, it is neither powerful nor rich. Therefore, we must build our country into a great modern socialist country in a not too long historical period. ”
He also stressed that only by completing the socialist transformation "can we promote the rapid development of the social productive forces and can we do it technologically."
Realize the ...... revolutionIn this way, a large number of industrial and agricultural products are produced to meet the growing needs of the people and improve the living standards of the people. ”
Promoting the development of production is the goal that has never been abandoned, even during the turmoil of that decade, the slogan put forward is "grasp the revolution, promote production", and the purpose of all means is to improve production and improve people's lives.
Third, in terms of the way of realization, the cooperative model he advocated has its scientific nature. Looking back at cooperatives and people's communes today, although there is a general negative attitude, we cannot judge the past history from a modern perspective. Even if the attempt at the time ended in failure, it should not be dismissed in its entirety.
Looking at the current rural areas, most of the areas that have achieved overall prosperity have adopted a model similar to cooperatives, through the collective sharing of production factors such as land, policies, machinery and equipment, human resources, and science and technology, to concentrate on doing big things and jointly resist market risks.
Isn't this the modern realization of the idea of cooperatives?
Fourth, in the process of realization, he has clearly recognized the long-term nature of common prosperity. **The initial understanding of common prosperity was quite accurate, and it was understood that it was a long-term, complex process that required ambitious planning. On January 30, 1962, ** said at the ** work conference: "Fifty years may not be enough to build a strong socialist economy in China, it may take a hundred years or more. What a sober understanding and judgment this is.
Unfortunately, in the later stage of practice, it became too rapid and too fast, surpassing the laws of science, coupled with turmoil, which led to the abandonment of previous achievements.
In the process of exploration, the most concerned is "fairness", and the most guarded against is "polarization". * The purpose of proposing common prosperity is to enable all people to enjoy a good life, and not to allow some people to be extremely rich and others to be poor.
Don't you understand that self-employment can stimulate personal enthusiasm and bring wealth accumulation? Of course he understands.
In the early days of the cooperative, ** did not take coercive measures, but guided by scientific demonstration. Some individuals who did not join the cooperative got rich first, and this phenomenon was also seen.
He analysed this and argued that this would lead to the transformation of a part of the population from poor peasants to rich peasants, which in turn led to wage labor and exploitation. Those who are less able to work will become increasingly poor. This will raise the question of "fairness" and the question of "polarization".
It quickly became a reality. Sure enough, some people in the countryside are overly affluent, while others are living in poverty. This is not the way to common prosperity, nor can it demonstrate the superiority of the socialist system.
Therefore, the first hope is pinned on the cooperatives, looking forward to showing the typical wealth through collective advantages, and gradually organizing the peasant masses. In this way, fairness can be guaranteed to the greatest extent possible and polarization can be avoided.
** We can't see the poor suffering because of injustice, we can't see cadres engaging in speciality, we can't see people at the bottom being exploited, and we can't see capital running rampant. His heart was always set on the broadest masses of toiling people.
However, there is no unfairness at all, and there is no room for a trace of polarization, which also makes the best in the implementation of common prosperityImpatient, too hasty, too violentThis is the waste of all the previous efforts, which is really a sigh of relief.
If you can't eat hot tofu in a hurry, slow down your steps so that you can see the ditches and bumps under your feet, so as not to fall or fall into the pit.
** exploration, obviously beyond the economic law, too much emphasis on "fairness", and the pursuit of "one big and two public", but dampened the enthusiasm of individuals.
At the beginning of reform and opening up, it went to the other extreme, although it was proposed".Efficiency first, fairness in mind", and in fact it is".Regardless of fairness”。The speed of development has gone up, some people have become rich first, and they are ridiculously rich, and the problems of "fairness" and "polarization" that they are most worried about are becoming more and more serious.
After the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the country started from the top level and committed to improving the social distribution system, reducing polarization, and creating an increasingly fair social environment. Although there is still a long way to go, it is gratifying that the things that ** were most concerned about decades ago are on the right track after a detour.
This time, as *** wishes - everyone has a share!