Uremia is a serious kidney disease that can lead to kidney failure and even be life-threatening.
According to statistics, nearly 200,000 people die of uremia in China every year, and this number is still increasing. So why is uremia on the rise? Is it because modern people have an unhealthy lifestyle, drinking and smoking excessively?
In fact, the doctor told us that the occurrence of uremia is not directly related to tobacco and alcohol, but is related to doing too many of these 3 things. What are these 3 things? How do they cause uremia?
With the development of social economy and changes in lifestyle, the incidence pattern of kidney disease is also undergoing significant changes.
Kidney disease, especially the one that causes uremia, poses a serious threat to an individual's health. Uremia is the final stage of kidney failure that requires long-term dialysis or a kidney transplant to sustain life.
1) In the past, primary glomerular disease was the main cause of uremia**. These diseases directly affect the filtration system of the kidneys, resulting in a gradual loss of kidney function.
However, over time, secondary kidney disease has gradually increased and become a new cause of uremia. Secondary nephropathy refers to kidney damage caused by other diseases or health problems, the most common of which are diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive nephropathy.
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes, resulting in kidney damage due to long-term poor blood sugar control. With the increase in the number of diabetic patients, diabetic nephropathy has become an important cause of uremia.
Hypertensive nephropathy is kidney damage caused by high blood pressure, which damages the blood vessels of the kidneys and leads to a gradual decline in kidney function.
In addition, environmental pollution and emerging infectious diseases are new risk factors for kidney disease. Environmental pollutants, such as heavy metals and toxic substances in industrial wastewater, can accumulate through the food chain and cause long-term chronic damage to the human body, including damage to the kidneys.
Some emerging infectious diseases, such as the novel coronavirus, have also shown risks that may affect kidney health.
2) Kidney disease is highly latent and often undetectable at an early stage. Due to the lack of obvious early symptoms, many patients have progressed to the middle and advanced stages of the disease by the time they discover abnormal kidney function.
This situation not only misses the best time, but also greatly increases the difficulty and complexity of the situation. Therefore, early screening and intervention of kidney disease has become the key to delay renal failure and improve the best effect.
The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste and excess water from the blood, maintaining electrolyte balance in the body, regulating blood pressure and other important physiological functions.
When the kidneys are damaged, their ability to filter and regulate decreases, leading to a variety of health problems in the body.
However, the kidneys are highly adaptable and compensatory, and in the early stages of the disease, the body may still be able to maintain relatively normal function, leaving symptoms unnoticeable or neglected.
At present, there are still deficiencies in the screening and education of kidney diseases in China, resulting in a relatively weak public awareness and prevention of kidney diseases.
The lack of effective universal education and early screening measures has caused many patients with kidney disease to miss the best time, and by the time it is detected, it may have become uremia.
Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the popularization of kidney disease education and raise the public's attention to kidney health.
According to the data of the 2019 Annual Scientific Report on Kidney Disease in China, China is currently facing a severe challenge from kidney disease, especially uremia caused by diabetic nephropathy.
This challenge not only has a huge impact on the health of individual patients, but also places a heavy burden on the national health care system. Without timely and effective intervention in specific populations, China may experience a peak of uremia in the next 10 to 20 years.
The report paints a basic portrait of patients with chronic kidney disease in China and provides us with a basis for an in-depth understanding of the problem.
The proportion of hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease is higher in men than in women, and more than 50% of patients are under the age of 60. This data shows that chronic kidney disease is not only a problem for the elderly, but also seriously affects young and middle-aged people.
Common examples of chronic kidney disease** include diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, obstructive nephropathy, and glomerulonephritis.
Among them, diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive nephropathy are the main ones of chronic kidney disease, which are closely related to the increasing number of diabetic and hypertensive patients. This trend is not unrelated to modern lifestyle changes, such as eating habits, lack of exercise, life stress, etc.
The spectrum of chronic kidney disease varies significantly between urban and rural areas and between regions. This difference may be related to factors such as the level of regional economic development, the distribution of medical resources, and residents' health awareness.
Residents of urban areas may be at higher risk of chronic kidney disease due to factors such as lifestyle changes and environmental pollution.
According to the report, the median hospital cost for inpatients with chronic kidney disease is 30% higher than that for non-chronic kidney disease patients. This data reflects the significant burden of chronic kidney disease on families and socio-economically.
Finally, chronic kidney disease is closely related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The proportions of patients with coronary heart disease, heart failure and stroke were reached, respectively. 0% and 129%。This suggests that the overall health of patients with chronic kidney disease requires more attention and comprehensive management.
The prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease requires the joint efforts of the whole society.
Increasing public awareness and prevention of chronic kidney disease, improving lifestyles, improving the efficiency of early screening and intervention, and improving the management of patients' overall health are key to addressing the challenges of chronic kidney disease.
Many common eating habits and medications can inadvertently cause damage to kidney health in everyday life.
1. Excessive salt intake
Salt is an indispensable condiment in our daily diet. However, excessive salt intake can place a serious burden on the kidneys. Excessive salt intake can cause the body to retain too much water and increase blood volume, which can cause high blood pressure.
Long-term high blood pressure not only damages heart health, but also impairs kidney function and even leads to uremia. The recommended daily salt intake should not exceed 6 grams, especially for patients with kidney disease, and salt intake control is even more important.
2. Excessive phosphorus intake
Phosphorus is an indispensable mineral for maintaining human health, and is involved in important physiological processes such as the construction of bones and teeth, energy metabolism, etc.
However, excessive phosphorus intake can affect calcium absorption, leading to osteoporosis, and also increasing the burden on the kidneys, causing hyperphosphatemia and then uremia.
Adults should limit their daily phosphorus intake to less than 800 mg, especially for patients with kidney disease. Foods high in phosphorus, including aquatic products, animal liver, egg yolks and dried fruits, should be consumed in moderation.
3. Drug abuse
Medications are an important part of the disease, but improper drug use, such as drug abuse or non-compliance with medications, can cause serious damage to the kidneys.
Drugs may be metabolized in the human body to produce substances that are harmful to the kidneys, and long-term or excessive use of certain drugs can lead to kidney failure and even uremia.
When taking drugs, you should strictly follow the doctor's instructions, especially for patients with kidney disease, and pay more attention to the nephrotoxicity of drugs. Drugs that are toxic to the kidneys include certain antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunosuppressants and should be used with caution.
In addition to this, in today's fast-paced living and working environment, many of the behaviors and habits that we take for granted can actually have a detrimental effect on kidney health.
1. Excessive fatigue and kidney health
Clinical studies have shown that about 70% of patients with acute and chronic nephritis are associated with long-term excessive fatigue. When the human body is in a state of fatigue for a long time, the function of the immune system decreases, which can lead to an increase in the frequency of bacterial and viral infections.
Recurrent infections promote an immune response, which in turn increases the risk of kidney disease. Therefore, it is important to arrange work and rest reasonably and avoid overexertion for a long time to protect kidney health.
2. Staying up late with the "biological clock" of the kidneys
About 13% of kidney genes are involved in biological circadian rhythms. Staying up late for a long time can disrupt the kidney's "biological clock", depriving the kidneys of necessary time to rest and repair.
This ongoing disorder not only affects kidney function, but can also lead to kidney "injury" and increase the risk of chronic kidney disease. Therefore, maintaining a regular schedule and avoiding staying up late for long periods of time is essential for maintaining kidney health.
3. The effect of holding urine often on the kidneys
Holding urine regularly is another common bad habit that has a potentially negative impact on kidney health. Although a person's bladder has some storage capacity, holding urine for a long time increases the risk of urine being retained in the bladder.
Not only can this lead to over-distended bladder, which affects the normal function of the bladder, but it can also cause bacteria to grow in the urine, which can lead to urinary tract infections.
To make matters worse, holding urine for long periods of time can also lead to reflux of urine into the ureters and even the kidneys, which increases the risk of kidney infections.
Kidney infections can not only cause pain, fever and other uncomfortable symptoms, but long-term or severe infections can also lead to impaired kidney function and increase the risk of uremia.
Therefore, it is crucial to develop a good habit of urinating at regular intervals. When you feel the need to urinate, you should urinate in time to avoid holding urine.
For people who are busy at work or go out a lot, you can make sure you have enough time and conditions to urinate by setting reminders or changing your lifestyle habits.
Uremia is a kidney disease that is a serious threat to human health, and its occurrence is related to a variety of factors, including poor eating habits, drug abuse, excessive fatigue, staying up late and holding urine.
In order to prevent and improve uremia, we should start from daily life, pay attention to protecting kidney health, detect and improve kidney disease in time, and avoid the occurrence of kidney failure.