01."Autumn Harvest Uprising".
The Autumn Harvest Uprising was a military revolution launched by the Communist Party of China under the leadership of the Communist Party of China in the east of Hunan and west of Jiangxi. The Wuhan Nationals** under the rule of Wang Jingwei made a public declaration on July 15, 1927"Divide total", turned their backs on the revolution. The Chinese Communist Party began to carry out the revolution in secret, which eventually led to the defeat of the revolution. On August 7, 1927, an extraordinary congress was held in Hankow, at which the agrarian revolutionary movement in Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, and Jiangxi was adopted, as well as armed resistance against the Kuomintang reactionaries.
On September 9, 1927, the Autumn Harvest Uprising occurred on the Hunan and Jiangxi borders as scheduled. On 19 September, the Red Army triumphantly rendezvoused in Wenjia City, convened a military committee, put forward the policy of "entering the city from the countryside," and established the principle of "encirclement of the countryside."
02.Key events.
The Communist Party of China held an extraordinary congress in Hankou on August 7, 1927, to correct the erroneous views of Chen Duxiu's rightists, put forward a resolution on an agrarian revolution and armed uprising, and called on the whole party and the people of the whole country to persist in the War of Resistance, that is, August 7.
The reorganized Hunan Provincial Party Committee held a meeting on 18 August at the Shen Da house near Changsha City to discuss and formulate a plan for the Autumn Harvest Uprising. ** The concept of "governing the country by force" was highlighted at the plenary session. The congress resolved to make a complete break with the Kuomintang, clearly flaunting the banner of the Chinese Communist Party, and determined to concentrate on military operations in eastern Hunan and western Jiangxi, that is, in the area around Changsha.
During this time, ** made a resolution on the Autumn Harvest Uprising, which were Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, and Jiangxi. The Communist Party of China proposed that the peasant associations should be the core, that the peasant associations should be declared local authorities, that all their powers should be concentrated on them, and that if conditions permit, they should obtain the power of the counties and form revolutionary councils with the urban workers and the poor to carry out the agrarian revolution.
In September 1927, the CCP sent Peng Gong to Hunan, reported to them, and launched the Autumn Harvest Uprising.
On September 9, 1927, the Chinese Communist Party launched an armed insurrection initiated by the masses in Wenjia Town, on the border between Hunan and Jiangxi. The First Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army on the Hunan and Jiangxi borders successively conquered Pingjiang, Pingxiang, Liling and Liuyang, but encountered a counterattack by the Kuomintang army and was defeated. The Peasant Revolutionary Army soon left the Pingjiang and Liuyang areas and moved south along the Luoxiao Mountains to seek a base and reorganize. The army continued to advance northward, and finally reached Jinggangshan on the 27th and began to establish a new revolutionary base.
03.of great historical importance.
The Autumn Harvest Uprising led by the Communist Party of China is also the three greatest revolutions in the history of China's revolution and military development. This was a milestone in the development of the Chinese revolution into a new and historic period.
The Autumn Harvest Uprising in the border areas of Hunan and Jiangxi marked the first time that the Chinese Communist Party held high the red flag in an armed struggle, declaring that it would lead a revolution to victory alone. This was also the first time in the history of the Chinese Red Army that the banner of sickle, ax and five-pointed star was planted in the armed uprising of workers and peasants, marking the independent will of the Communist Party of China in the revolutionary struggle.
After the defeat of the Great Revolution, this decision pointed out a correct path for the Chinese Revolution. The peasants and peasant revolutionary army was established during the Autumn Harvest Uprising and was the main force of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Although the Autumn Harvest Uprising ended in failure, it opened up a new situation and created the first base area in the countryside, laying a solid foundation for the development of the Red Army throughout the country and the vast areas of the countryside in the future.
At the same time, Comrade ** made an important decision in light of the situation at that time, he abandoned his original attempt to seize Changsha, the provincial capital, and instead led the peasant revolutionary army to attack the villages where the Kuomintang regime was relatively weak, and continued to carry out guerrilla warfare, which achieved very good results, thus enabling the revolutionary forces to maintain and develop.