On May 25, 1966, Nie Yuanzi, secretary of the general party branch of the Department of Philosophy of Peking University, published a big-character poster in the canteen, which was later excerpted by "People**" and named "The First Marxist-Leninist Poster".
In this big-character poster, Nie Yuanzi criticized a total of three people, namely Song Shuo, deputy director of the Science Work Department of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee and two leaders of Peking University, Lu Ping and Peng Peiyun.
After that, Nie Yuanzi manipulated this criticism movement, which caused the three to suffer from the ** of the ten-year special period, and they were severely damaged physically and mentally, and they were not rehabilitated until the end of the special period.
Song Shuo was born in Tianjin in 1923 and later studied at Nankai High School and Yenching University. After Yenching University was seized by the Japanese puppet regime, Song Shuo transferred to Peking University to continue his studies, and during this time joined the Chinese Communist Party.
After graduating, he stayed in Peiping to engage in underground work and actively propagate the revolutionary ideas of our party. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Song Shuo still stayed in Beijing to work. However, at the beginning of the ten-year period, he served as the deputy director of the scientific work department of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee University, and unfortunately, he was imprisoned under the criticism of Nie Yuanzi's big-character poster.
In the decade that followed, Song Shuo was subjected to ruthless **, his children were sent to the countryside, and he was diagnosed with cancer while in captivity. Despite this predicament, Song Shuo held on to his beliefs until his death in 1969.
His tenacity and selfless dedication will always be remembered.
Lu Ping, a native of Changchun, Jilin Province, was born in 1914. In his early years, he studied in his hometown, and after the 918 Incident, he joined the Anti-Japanese Salvation Movement and joined the Communist Party of China in 1933.
After that, he engaged in underground work in Beiping for a long time, and made great contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression led by the Communist Party of China. During the War of Liberation, he provided strong support to our army in the North China Plain and witnessed the birth of New China.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as vice minister of the Ministry of Railways and president of Peking University, and when Nie Yuanzi posted the first big-character poster, he was the president of Peking University.
In 1966, Kang Sheng's wife, Cao Yiou, led a working group to Peking University. During her tenure at Peking University, Cao Yiou talked to Nie Yuanzi many times, urging her to take the initiative to expose the leadership of Peking University.
On May 25, Nie Yuanzi posted his first big-character poster criticizing Lu Ping, who was the president of Peking University. After being charged, Lu Ping was removed from his post and imprisoned for nine years, only to regain his freedom and resume work in 1975.
After his comeback, Lu Ping served as the deputy director of the Seventh Machine Department and other positions, and died of illness in 2002 at the age of 88.
Peng Peiyun, a native of Liuyang, Hunan, was born in 1929. At that time when high-level intellectuals were highly respected, she spent a valuable academic career in the Department of Sociology of Southwest Associated University and the Department of Sociology of Tsinghua University.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Peng Peiyun remained in Beijing to engage in party work, but when Nie Yuanzi posted the first big-character poster in 1966, she was serving as deputy secretary of the party committee of Peking University.
Because Cao Yiou instigated Nie Yuanzi to criticize the leadership of Peking University, Peng Peiyun, as the deputy secretary of the party committee, was also criticized. Subsequently, she was removed from her duties and imprisoned for nine years, only to return in 1975.
After his comeback, Peng Peiyun returned to Peking University, worked in the political propaganda group, and was soon transferred to the Beijing Institute of Chemical Technology.
In 1988, Peng Peiyun served as the director of the National Family Planning Commission, and in 1993, he was promoted to state councilor, and was officially promoted to a deputy state-level cadre. Since then, she has also served as vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress and president of the All-China Women's Federation, and has now retired for many years.