Yellow crane tower.
Don Choi. In the past, people have taken the yellow crane to go, and the yellow crane tower is vacant here.
The yellow crane is gone, and the white clouds are empty for thousands of years.
Qingchuan calendar Hanyang tree, fragrant grass and parrot island.
Where is Sunset Township? The Yanbo River makes people sad.
From the perspective of poetic style, this poem does not fully conform to the norms of the rhythm, only the first four sentences of "Yellow Crane" are repeated 3 times, the words "empty" and "go" appear 2 times, and even the Pingxuan is not written correctly, such as the jaw couplet is not due, and the use of six Pingsheng characters and three Pingsheng characters, which was considered a taboo in poetry at that time.
To explain the reasonableness of this phenomenon that does not conform to the rules, the most incisive is the point in "Dream of Red Mansions". Lin Daiyu said to Xiangling, "If there is a strange sentence, even the truth is not right, it will be made." Whether the words or sentences are the last thing, the first idea matters. If the meaning is true, the conjunctions do not need to be modified, and it is good, which is called 'not harming the meaning with words'. ”
It is indeed not very standardized in terms of metrics, but even so, it does not affect the fact that this poem is rated as the first in the Tang Dynasty? There should be several reasons for this:
1. Li Bai's "tribute".
According to the records in the Yuanren Xin Wenfang's "Biography of Tang Caizi", when Li Bai climbed the Yellow Crane Tower, he was originally very interested in poetry and was ready to make poems, but when he was about to wave his pen on the wall, he saw Cui Hao's poems on the wall, and was immediately impressed, put down his pen for it, and said: "There is a scene in front of me, and Cui Hao has a poem on it." ”
Originally, we didn't know that Cui Hao was powerful, but we knew that the famous Li Bai, he was a "poet immortal", and even he said so, didn't Cui Hao's level come up all of a sudden? This is not what Li Bai said himself, but it is very vivid, and we believe it. Now it is often said that propaganda is to have a story, and this ancient poem is the type of story, and if there is a story, it is easy to circulate and become famous.
Li Bai himself also made a positive "promotion" for Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower", and his two later poems are proof, one is "Parrot Island", and the other is "Ascending Jinling Phoenix Terrace". Probably Li Bai didn't even think of himself, and inadvertently made a free advertisement for Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower".
Li Bai "saluted" Cui Hao's poem twice, which shows that he really admires Cui Hao's poem. The two original poems are as follows:
Parrot Island. Parrots have come to Wujiang water, and the name of parrots has been passed on on the river.
The parrot flies west to Longshan, and the tree of Fangzhou is He Qingqing.
The smoke is open to orchid leaves, and the peach blossoms are born on the shore.
At this time, the emigration is in vain, and the lonely moon in Changzhou is clear to whom.
Ascend to Jinling Phoenix Terrace.
Phoenix on the Phoenix Terrace, Phoenix goes to Taikong River artesian.
Wu Palace flowers and plants buried in the path, the Jin Dynasty dressed into ancient mounds.
The three mountains are half in the blue sky, and the two waters are divided into Egret Island.
It is always because the clouds can cover the sun, and Chang'an is not worried.
Let's look at these two poems, and the style of Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower" is similar?Like, it's too similar, especially in "Parrot Island", the first four sentences of "parrot" appear 3 times are the same, "Qingqing" corresponds to "Youyou". But Li Bai is Li Bai, imitation can also be superb, and imitation is also a classic. Just like covering other people's songs now, being able to sing your own flavor and make people forget who the original singer is, is an ability.
2. The admiration of literati throughout the ages.
Yan Yu of the Southern Song Dynasty commented in his "Canglang Poems": "The Tang Dynasty's seven-character poems should be the first in Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower". You must know that "Canglang Poetry" is a "masterpiece" of ancient Chinese poetry theory and poetry aesthetics, and it is the most prestigious poem of the Song Dynasty and has the greatest influence on later generations. It was selected and evaluated, and everyone's recognition was very high, and the impact was great.
The "Three Hundred Tang Poems" compiled by Sun Zhu in the Qing Dynasty put Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower" in the first part of the seven-character poem. The popularity of "Three Hundred Tang Poems" is very high, and being listed like this by it makes the awareness rate even higher.
Wu Changqi of the Qing Dynasty commented in "Editing Tang Poems": "It is not ancient and unlawful, it is also ancient and lawful, and it is a swan song for thousands of years, why is Li Tang alone?."It means that Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower" is not only the first of the seven laws of the Tang Dynasty, but also a swan song for the ages. Now, not only the Tang Dynasty is the first of the seven laws, but the first of the ages, and it has been pushed to a higher status.
In his book "Tang Poetry Rankings", Wang Zhaopeng, a professor at Contemporary Central South University, counted the data of Tang poems selected in the selected editions of the past dynasties, the data of the evaluation of Tang poems in the past dynasties, the first-class data of Tang poetry in the 20th century and the data of Tang poems selected by literary history works, and obtained a list of the top 100 Tang poems, and Cui Hao's "Yellow Crane Tower" ranked first without exception.
These evaluations and rankings are important factors in the popularity of this poem.
3. The achievement of poetry itself.
This poem is written in one go, natural, with an open artistic conception, a grand spirit, sincere feelings, touching and deep, and simple and vivid, just like the spoken language, it reads from beginning to end, natural and coherent, and writes the atmosphere of the Tang Dynasty, which cannot but be breathtaking.
It encompasses two aesthetic implications:
The first is the artistic conception beauty of the combination of image and reality in the image. There is the legend of the Yellow Crane, there is the scenery in front of you, there is the ancient and the modern, there is the virtual and the real, the virtual and the real are born together, and the people who climb the Yellow Crane Tower in that era often have the feelings, the spirit is reckless, and the thoughts are thousands.
The second is the beauty of the magnificent and colorful paintings. In the poem, there are alternate close-up, long-range, day, and evening scenes of the Yellow Crane Tower, which are unpredictable and unpredictable like photographers, and the weather is myriad; There are immortal yellow cranes, famous buildings and scenic spots, blue sky and white clouds, clear river sandbanks, green trees and grass, sunset and twilight river, the image is distinct, colorful, can be described as "there is a painting in the poem, there is a poem in the painting".
This poem is not only Cui Hao's famous work and hand-me-down, but also laid the foundation for his poetry name, and it has become the swan song of the poems of the Yellow Crane Tower.