Fisherman's pride.
Song] Li Qingzhao.
The sky is cloudy and foggy, and the galaxy wants to turn a thousand sails to dance. It was as if the dream soul had returned to the emperor's place, heard the words of heaven, and asked me diligently where I had returned.
I reported that the road was long and the sun was twilight, and there were amazing sentences in learning poetry. Ninety thousand miles of wind is moving. The wind rested, and the canoe blew the three mountains.
This is a unique song.
Not only in a volume of "Shuyu Ci", this poem seems lofty and unique, even in the entire Song Dynasty poetry, this "Fisherman's Pride" is also an outlier.
For a long time, Li Qingzhao has been praised by later generations as the "graceful sect master", and is also known as "Li Sanshou". This is because she uses "thin" into the word, all of which are wonderful: such as "Mo Dao does not lose his soul, the curtain rolls the west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers", "New people are thin, not dry disease, not sad autumn", "Do you know, do you know?" It should be green, fat, red and thin". Therefore, a volume of "Jade Words" is full of flowers and shadows, shocking, tears dyed red, and graceful tenderness overflowing between the lines. However, who would have thought that the words under her wrist would suddenly rise to the clouds and go straight to heaven?
Try to see: "The sky is connected with clouds and clouds, and the galaxy wants to turn a thousand sails to dance", "Ninety thousand miles of wind and Peng are moving." The wind rested, and the canoe blew the three mountains. "It's really a majestic momentum, such a grand handwriting! "Selected Poems of the Tateyuan Garden" said that this word "does not have a single hairpin powder, and it is the style of the Northern Song Dynasty." Later Liang Qichao commented: "This is absolutely like the Su Xin faction, not like the Chinese language of "Shuyu Collection". Some people also called Li Qingzhao "husbandly", which is Li Taibai in the word.
The sky is connected with the clouds and the fog, and the galaxy wants to turn a thousand sails to dance", the pen is vast and magnificent, the sea of clouds and fog, and the galaxy is splendid, which is a fantastic and gorgeous heavenly scene, which is dizzying and fascinating. The word "dance" depicts the stars, twinkling and circulating in the sky like a sailboat, conveying the excitement of the lyricist's spirit.
This is the vast and magnificent cosmic picture in Li Qingzhao's imagination and illusion. There is a great charm in the poems of Li He, the "poet ghost" of the Tang Dynasty: "The Tianhe River turns and drifts back to the stars at night, and Yinpu Liuyun learns the sound of water", "Looking at Qizhou from afar, nine o'clock cigarettes, a cup of sea water is poured." "The point of view is high, the bosom is broad, overlooking the world and the sky.
It was as if the dream soul had returned to the emperor's place, heard the words of heaven, and asked me diligently where I had returned. In a trance, her dream soul flew over the vast starry sky and unconsciously came to the palace where the Emperor of Heaven lived. At this time, a strange, solemn and gentle voice came: Do you want to go back to **? It was the majestic and benevolent Emperor who asked her about her ambitions with concern. Yes, the vast earthly world, the vast heavens, where shall I be? "Where do you go", this is a direct question to the hearts of the people: Who are you? Where is your home? Your destination is in**. Who am I? ”
At the same time, the word "return" in "as if the dream soul returned to the emperor" also makes people realize that maybe this Li Qingzhao was originally a fairy who went down to the mortal world, but only returned to the heavenly immortal world because he was tired of being vulgar. This is reminiscent of the lonely forest in the "Dream of Red Mansions", which was originally a fairy in the world in the past life. Perhaps, this is a deep narcissistic complex hidden in the depths of women's consciousness, a self-affirmation of the value and meaning of life. Li Taibai is called "Immortal", and later generations call Li Qingzhao "Taibai among women", and the two are very similar in this regard.
I reported that the road was long and the sun was twilight, and there were amazing sentences in learning poetry. She was amazed and replied that life is a long way, and it is late in the day, and there is no time to wait, which makes people sigh and feel sad in vain. Nowadays, nothing has been accomplished, and learning poetry is only a thin and talented name, only some amazing poetry and words. These two sentences are not only conceited about some of their talents, but also lamented the failure of their ideals in life.
Ninety thousand miles of wind is moving. The wind rested, and the canoe blew the three mountains. "Ah, she really wants to be like the Kunpeng in Zhuangzi's "Getaway", spreading the wings that hang to the sky, the water hits 3,000 miles, and rises to 90,000 miles, flying high and far, beyond the world. The wind is blowing in the mighty sky, and I have to stop, so that I can blow my canoe to fly over the sea and fly straight to the three immortal mountains of Penglai, Abbot and Yingzhou overseas! It was the final refuge of my soul. There was no chaos, no loneliness, no pain, it was a wonderful paradise, a dream utopia.
The three concluding sentences are ethereal and immortal, and they are quite like Li Taibai's style: "Dapeng rises with the wind one day, and soars up to 90,000 miles" and "Riding the wind and waves will eventually lead to the clouds."
The lyrics are full of strong fantasy imagination and romance. At the beginning, it shows a magnificent scene of dawn and fog and the galaxy flipping. Then he entered the dream and answered with the Emperor of Heaven, showing that the lyricist was willing to ride the long wind and break through the waves and reach the heart of the fairy island. In particular, the last two sentences are swift and fluctuating, vigorous and powerful, which makes people feel like they are in a state of mind.
It is said that in 1987, the International Astronomical Society named 15 craters above Mercury, and "Li Qingzhao" is the name of one of the craters. This is supposed to be the only crater in outer space named after the ancient Chinese red face.
Today, "Li Qingzhao" on Mercury may really see the cosmic scene she imagined: "The sky is cloudy and foggy, and the galaxy wants to turn and dance." ”
In the words, "Ninety Thousand Miles of Wind Peng Zhengju" is taken from Zhuangzi's "Getaway": "Peng's back, I don't know how many thousands of miles it is." Flying in anger, its wings are like clouds hanging from the sky......Pengzhi migrated to the south of the underworld, the water hit three thousand miles, and the one who swayed up was 90,000 miles. ”
It can be seen that Li Qingzhao, as a female senior intellectual in the Song Dynasty, is very familiar with Taoist culture. The spiritual wandering of the ancient literati was to enter and exit between Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and to interact with the spirit of heaven and earth.
Li Qingzhao wrote a poem "Xiaomeng":
Xiaomeng follows the bell and floats among the clouds. Born in peace due to fate, encounter calyx green flowers.
The autumn wind is a scoundrel, blowing away the Yujing flowers. See the lotus root like a boat, and eat dates like a melon.
Pian Pian sat on the guest, and the witty words were also good. Mockery and sophistry, live fire and divide new tea.
Although it is not to help the emperor, it is fun. Life can be like this, why go home.
Get up and sit down, cover your ears and hate the noise. I know that I can't see it, and I still think about it.
This was a vague and pleasant dream that Li Qingzhao had at dawn. In a trance, she stepped on the clouds and floated to the sky in the faint morning bell, and met the legendary immortals An Qisheng and Calyx Luhua. The autumn breeze is refreshing, blowing all the falling flowers, these fairies with fluttering clothes and strange wind gods and goddesses enjoy the fairy lotus like a boat and the jujube like a melon with her. The crowd was full of fairy spirits, witty words, while tasting the freshly brewed tea, while the wit came out, and the argument was unhindered. If life can be spent like this, why go home? When I woke up from a dream, I sat down with my clothes in my clothes, and I heard the noise of the world, and I didn't know how to hide my ears and be upset. When I think of the situation in my dream, I feel even more fascinated.
In this poem, Li Qingzhao actually expresses her innermost desire: to live in a pure, free and happy world, and to travel with the world's most dusty characters. This reminds us of the happy and free time when she and her husband Zhao Mingcheng lived in Qingzhou. This kind of fantasy of the birth of the wandering immortals is often read in Li Bai's poems. For example, his "Sleepwalking in the Sky and Leaving Farewell" is a dream poem, and it is also a poem about wandering immortals: "Ni is the clothes and the wind is the horse, and the kings of the clouds come down one after another." The tiger drum returned to the car, and the immortal people were like hemp. Suddenly, the soul throbbed with courage, and the trance rose and groaned. But the pillow of the time of awakening, the smoke of the loss. ”
It can be seen that Li Qingzhao's romantic imagination is quite similar to Taibai.
At the same time, there is a sentence in the lyrics, "I report the long road and the twilight", which uses the poetry of Qu Yuan's "Lisao": "If you want to leave this spirit less, the day will ......be twilight."I order Xi and Yi Jiexi, look at the Lang Rong and don't be forced, Lu Manman's cultivation is far away, I will go up and down and seek", the long road and the sadness of the twilight of life, is a deep helplessness and depression of people throughout the ages. Carefully examining the past events of this life, for Li Qingzhao, a woman has experienced all kinds of disasters such as national turmoil and family changes, and in her twilight years, she has nothing but the "amazing words" in those poems.
Therefore, Qu Yuan's fantastical and splendid metaphysical meditation and depressed and sad feelings also had an impact on Li Qingzhao.
Zhuangzi, Qu Yuan, and Li Taibai, the spiritual connotations of the three pinnacle figures of romanticism are all integrated into the words. It shows that such a strange woman who is super physical and has a wandering heart, obviously has extraordinary interests and style, and has romantic and transcendent feelings.
The "three mountains" of Penglai on the sea are actually the symbol of the most beautiful ideal realm in Li Qingzhao's mind. In the end, the words express a warm and persistent spirit of inquiry, a very lofty and broad ideal realm, and a diligent, high-pitched and progressive pursuit of life.
The mighty wind has to stop, and a butterfly that longs for spiritual freedom in its bones wants to fly over the earthly sea and reach a beautiful other shore.
Lu Xun once said that literature and art are a symbol of the bitterness of life, and the release of emotional energy that aspirations and ideals have been struggling to achieve.
Li Qingzhao rarely reads poetry and books, has outstanding talents, "wants to overwhelm Xu Mei", and claims to learn poetry "with amazing sentences", which is not without conceit and pride. However, her life experience has many ups and downs. Since the southern invasion of the Jin soldiers, after the pain of the country's displacement, the once beautiful vision has come to naught, and in reality they often feel helpless and helpless. What about having outstanding talent? This poem truly expresses her deep inner loss, pain and confusion.
We can feel that this extremely talented woman of the Song Dynasty is full of sorrow, and there is no one to talk to in the world ("How many things, if you want to talk about it"). Only the soul flies beyond the nine heavens, resorting to the imaginary Emperor of Heaven. Under the concern of the Emperor of Heaven, she expressed her wish, to leave this suffering and troubled red earthly world, and to go to the pure, vast and ethereal fairy world.
This poem is actually full of deep disappointment and boredom in the world, and it is a quiet lifting and redemption of her lonely soul by the feelings of birth in traditional Taoist culture.
There is some controversy about the time when this poem was written, and the disagreement is mainly whether it was before or after the southern crossing.
Some people say that the lyrics are full of magical imagination and romance, and there is still an ardent expectation for the real society and life, and there is no sadness, depression and despair, which should be the works of Nandu before, and think that they are the works of the Laizhou period. Some people say that this poem should be based on a deep despair of the reality of the country's ruin, family and displacement, which gave rise to a negative emotion of birth, and should have been composed after crossing to the south. Some scholars have identified the content and background of the poem as Li Qingzhao's southern crossing because the Jin people went south, and she followed Song Gaozong's escape route all the way to Fuzhou, which should have been made on the way. Because Fuzhou, Fujian Province is called the "Three Mountains", and it is believed that the "Emperor of Heaven" in the word is actually the incarnation of Song Gaozong. "Returning to the Emperor", "Hearing the Heavenly Language", "Where to Go", etc. are all meanings of following the imperial court to find a home. And "the sky is connected with clouds and clouds", which is very similar to the real scene of clouds and fog in the water and sky of Oujiang Guyu in Wenzhou.
All of these arguments may be justified and can help us deepen our understanding of the meaning of words. In fact, judging from the mental state and emotional characteristics expressed in the words, Li Qingzhao did have a tired and evasive mood of real society and life at this time. But at the same time, she has a passionate and romantic enthusiasm for her ideals, especially the rare magnificent and grand artistic conception of the word, which is very similar to the change of Li Qingzhao's mentality after the southern crossing. In the early days of Nandu, Li Qingzhao's patriotic enthusiasm and "husbandly spirit" were strongly stimulated by the various changes and ups and downs of reality. At this time, Li Qingzhao was full of admiration for Wang Dao, Liu Kun and other people with lofty ideals, and also warmly praised Xiang Yu and other heroes. It should be said that strong patriotic pride and enthusiasm are a typical feature of Li Qingzhao's poems at the beginning of his southern crossing.
Therefore, this poem, which is very special in content and artistic conception, should be composed in the early days of Nandu, and it is an instinctive reaction in the heart of the individual when the era of war and turmoil comes. So the poem could not have been produced in a peaceful environment. The tranquil environment of social life could only produce her feminine euphemisms. But it won't be her later works, and in her lonely old age, she is left with nothing but sadness and helplessness.
In fact, the understanding of literary works should not be too rigid, and there should be a broader aesthetic and imagination space. The poem itself has a subtitle "Remembering Dreams", which describes an ethereal dream, expressing a kind of pursuit of free spirit and yearning for an ideal realm. This is undoubtedly the most essential spiritual pursuit of literature and art.