China Net Finance, February 7 (Reporter Li Chunhui) China's 13 main grain producing areas account for more than 80% of the country's total grain crop output, which is an important ballast stone for stable production and supply. However, due to the quasi-public nature of grain and the low profit rate of the industry, the problem of weak economic strength and weak financial strength in the main grain-producing areas is more prominent.
In 2023, China will start a new round of 100 billion catties of grain production capacity improvement action, and the main producing areas are undoubtedly the main ones to increase production capacity and ensure supply. In order to mobilize the enthusiasm of the main producing areas to focus on agriculture and grasp grain, and solve the problem of "upside down" between grain production and economic development, the first document in 2024 has made a number of deployments to allow the main producing areas to "grasp grain without suffering losses".
Promote horizontal benefit compensation to see "real money**".
Due to the low profit margin of the grain industry, in order to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to grow grain, the local government in the main producing areas needs to give a large amount of financial subsidies, resulting in large grain-producing counties are often economically weak counties and financially poor counties. However, the relatively backward main producing areas give the grain they produce to the relatively developed main sales areas, which is actually accompanied by grain subsidies and the transfer of interests, and there is a suspicion that the "poor areas" subsidize the "rich areas".
In order to take into account social equity, some scholars have suggested for many years that the main sales area should compensate the interests of the main production area. However, in terms of specific implementation, it faces many difficulties such as the lack of statistical data.
This is a long-standing and difficult problem, and we must strive to make substantial strides this year. Han Wenxiu, deputy director of the Office of the Financial and Economic Commission in charge of daily work and director of the Office of the Rural Work Leading Group, said at the press conference of the State Council Information Office held on the 4th.
In 2024, the first document proposes to explore the establishment of an inter-provincial horizontal interest compensation mechanism for grain production and marketing areas, and deepen multi-channel production and marketing cooperation.
Han Wenxiu revealed that at present, the relevant departments are studying the specific implementation measures, the basic idea is to consider the main producing areas and the main sales area of grain production, circulation, consumption and other related factors, by the main sales area to the main production area to give a certain amount of financial support, to promote the horizontal benefit compensation to see the real gold, and further expand the industry, talent, technical services and other ways of cooperation, more practical measures to let the main production areas grasp the grain without loss.
In addition, the first document has also increased support for large grain-producing counties in many aspects. For example, in the construction of high-standard farmland, the level of investment subsidies at the provincial level should be appropriately increased, and the requirements for supporting funds for large grain-producing counties should be cancelled; Implement actions to improve the public service capacity of large grain-producing counties, etc.
Expand the processing industry in the main producing areas, and transform and add value in the local area.
In order to solve the problem of "inversion" between grain production and economic development in the main producing areas, in addition to optimizing the benefit compensation mechanism and increasing the intensity of subsidy and compensation, it is also necessary to cultivate and expand its internal vitality.
The main producing areas are rich in grain resources, but mainly raw grain production, the overall scale of the grain processing industry is small, the conversion rate of local processing is not high, and the added value of the industry is low. Han Wenxiu said at the aforementioned press conference that this year's No. 1 document "focuses on promoting the layout of the agricultural product processing industry to the main producing areas".
Document No. 1 proposes to promote the coordinated development of agricultural product production, primary processing and intensive processing, and promote the transformation and value-added of the nearest place. Support the development of soybean and other agricultural products in the northeast region of the whole industry chain processing, and build a food and feed industry cluster. Support the construction of processing industrial parks in the main producing areas of grain and important agricultural products.
These arrangements are an important means of supporting the economic and social development of the main grain-producing areas. Zhong Yu, director of the Industrial Economics Research Office of the Institute of Agricultural Economics of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told China Net Finance that the local development of processing industry in the main producing areas has low transportation costs, and can also drive local employment and keep the added value of products in the local area.
At the same time, the first document supports the construction of processing industrial parks in the main producing areas, which is also conducive to the construction of industrial clusters and the formation of a "1+1>2" effect. "After the formation of industrial agglomeration effect, it is not only conducive to building a regional brand, but also conducive to the centralized allocation of factors and resource sharing. Zhong Yu analysis said, "industrial clusters make the docking effect of primary, secondary and tertiary industries larger, the scope of radiation is wider, and the ability to resist risks is stronger, and the driving effect on local economic development is much better than that of a single enterprise." ”