As the Lunar New Year approaches, lion dances, wandering gods, singing and dancing, viewing lanterns, and visiting temple fairs ......Folk activities, literary and artistic parades and colorful Spring Festival cultural and tourism activities in urban and rural areas of China have been staged one after another. Whether in the south or the north, traditional folk cultural activities rely on the cohesion of the local inheritance from generation to generation, and burst out in the current life. This unique way of cultural experience and unique humanistic charm are also attracting the attention of tourists, and have gradually become the "traffic password" for the integrated development of urban culture and tourism.
01 Folk customs are an important background color of life.
Ten miles of different winds, a hundred miles of different customs.
China's 56 ethnic groups have jointly created a long history and splendid culture, and each folk cultural symbol also conveys a specific historical and cultural connotation. Especially during our most solemn Spring Festival, the forms of celebrations and folk activities in various places are very colorful, and have strong regional characteristics.
During the Spring Festival holiday, do you want to ask**The strongest flavor of the New Year? The Chaoshan region of Guangdong is definitely on the list. The combination of ancient traditions, folk art and the hospitality of the New Year has become one of the choices for many people to travel to Chaoshan during the Spring Festival. In a feast for the senses, we can always see the figure of "British singing and dancing".
The annual customs activities in Chaoshan represented by "Ying Song and Dance" not only have the continuity of its tradition, but also the epochal nature of pursuing a better and happier life, and carry the heavy historical heritage and cultural connotation of Chaoshan area. During the Spring Festival of the Year of the Rabbit last year, "Ying Song and Dance" accompanied by its magnificent drum beat "airborne" network platform, "fire" to the north and south of the river, on the occasion of the coming of the Year of the Dragon, Chaoshan urban and rural areas once again staged "Ying Song and Dance", and its related topics and ** "Domination" major social platforms, many tourists come here thousands of miles just to see its style. As a unique folk art form in Chaoshan, "Ying Song and Dance" has been integrated into the lives of local people for generations for hundreds of years, and has also become an indispensable synonym for Chaoshan.
Puning City and Shantou City in Guangdong Province are the most popular places to dance English songs and dances, and people here believe that dancing English songs and dances can exorcise evil spirits and keep them safe. The neat and vast formation, bold and energetic movements and vigorous dancing postures create a magnificent and majestic momentum and a lively and festive atmosphere. On May 20, 2006, it was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.
In Guizhou, more than 10 ethnic minorities have created a national cultural wonder of "different ethnic groups in one mountain, different winds in ten miles, and different customs in a hundred miles". Folk festivals such as the Dong Year in southeast Guizhou and the Chinese Buyi Cultural Activity Year in southwest Guizhou, as well as ethnic characteristic activities such as reed sheng performances and ethnic parades are staged one after another in winter, and going to Guizhou to see intangible cultural heritage and folk customs has also become a travel list for many tourists.
Dong year, popular traditional folk activities in Rongjiang County, Guizhou Province, one of the national intangible cultural heritage.
In Fujian in February, the smell of the New Year is also full of streets and alleys, and the local traditional customs that have lasted for thousands of years are vividly preserved in thousands of villages and thousands of households, and are widely spread in the rural and urban communities of Fujian Province and its surrounding areas. In the past two years, under the rapid spread of social platforms, "Youshen" has quickly become popular all over the country, and the local government will also use the high-value image of "Huaguang Dashizi" and "Golden Dragon Three Princes" as cultural tourism publicity business cards to attract tourists to experience here. Nowadays, the folk activity of "Youshen" is also adapting to the needs and changes of the times, integrating modern elements and innovative forms of expression, such as modern ** and dance, and the participation of many young people has also injected new vitality into the team of Youshen.
Fujian Youshen is a relatively big concept, imitating the folk activities of the gods parade can be called "Youshen", the details of the customs are not the same, the form is mostly to worship the main god with a sedan chair to carry out, the puppet played by the person with fireworks, the band gongs and drums, parade the countryside, the exit of the god will be hundreds.
The festival period is an important period for the concentration of cultural and tourism consumption, and compared with other holidays, the Spring Festival obviously has a more different meaning, soIn addition to the original folk cultural activities during the Spring Festival, there are also urban cultural tourism activities with specific themes developed based on these traditional cultures. These folk customs flowing from life have been inherited and transitioned into urban and rural tourism, and are radiating vigorous vitality, attractiveness and cultural tourism consumption potential.
In this way, the significance of folk culture to the development of the tourism industry cannot be underestimatedWith their strong local colors and distinctive national characteristics, they constitute a rich resource for the development of folk tourism in ChinaIt has a very high tourism value, and also has the innate foundation and unique advantages of industrial development.
02 Non-authenticity, the "hard flaw" of folk culture and tourism development.
Nowadays, in the planning and development of tourism resources, folk culture has received more and more attention, and more urban and rural areas have enhanced the connotation and cultural characteristics of agricultural tourism and sightseeing tours by showing folk culture, and inspired people to come to watch folk customs, thereby promoting tourism.
But the fact is that at present, when the local government is developing folk culture for tourism,It is inevitable that there are subjective differences in cultural understanding, which are more likely to interfere with the original order and development process of folk cultureIt makes the local area subject to the foreign cultural impact of tourists, dilutes the characteristics of the original culture, and even directly destroys the authenticity of folk culture, forming nondescript cultural products. This phenomenon has been revealed in some ethnic minority areas, and some tourist villages have a very single form of tourism in addition to singing and dancing performances, from restaurants to shopping to scenic spot promotion and performances.
In recent years, it is particularly common for such folk culture tourism to be developed in the same style and lack of novelty and characteristics. The activation of folk culture into tourism products requires fireworks life scenes and cultural and creative products with IP, rather than blunt sculpture landscape sketches, so when folk tourism and folk culture are separated, tourism projects aimed at catering to the market can only be superficial.
In general, grabbing the superficial needs of the public through sensory stimulation is only the first step in the inheritance and dissemination of folk culture. How to protect the national and regional characteristics of folk culture, while realizing the deepening and innovation of the cultural connotation and value behind it, and promote the deep integration of folk customs and cultural tourismThis is an important question that we should be thinking about at present.
03 Under the innovation and integration, folk customs can also activate local cultural tourism.
It is true that the innovation of traditional culture has always been controversial. Not all traditional culture can become classics, which requires us to dig deep into local culture, and more importantly, we need the innovative integration of culture and creativity, tourism and urban marketing.
In folk festivals, ceremonies, parades, catering, drama and dance, sculpture and painting can all be transformed into cultural tourism projects for tourists to participate in and experienceAlthough most folk activities are likely to disappear from social platforms again after the festival boom, there will also be a number of local folk cultural IPs that have stood the test of time and the market.
Taking Liangshan in Sichuan as an example, the land of Liangshan has a rich and splendid folk culture, and multi-ethnic cultures such as Bimo culture, Yi song and dance costumes, and Lugu Lake Mosuo culture complement each other. Among them, the Liangshan Yi Torch Festival, which is one of the top ten folk festivals in China and one of the top ten famous festivals in Sichuan, was approved in 2006 and has been included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative lists. In recent years, Liangshan has taken the construction of a world-class cultural tourism brand of "Daliangshan Yi Nationality Style Tourist Destination" as the traction, deeply excavated local characteristic cultural elements, and promoted the diversified integration of the local cultural tourism industry. Nowadays, the torch festival is not only the carnival of the Yi people themselves, with the exchange of cultures, more and more tourists come to feel the "heat" of the Liangshan torch festival.
The Torch Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals of the Yi nationality, popular in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other areas inhabited by the Yi nationality, and has been passed down for thousands of years. During the Torch Festival, people light huge torches and celebrate with songs and dances, symbolizing the use of torches to drive away pests, pray for a good harvest and worship ancestors.
It can be seen that local materials are usedIn-depth excavation of local folk resources, showing the reality of local life, is the activation of folk culture in the cityTourismThe fundamental way of kinetic energy. It is worth thinking that the two-way empowerment of folk culture and cultural tourism is in line with the current needs of culture and tourism, but in this process, we should pay attention to the proper protection and development of traditional culture, avoid the problem of blind development and over-development, and be vigilant against being manipulated by visual symbols, so that folk culture and cultural tourism can truly achieve the effect of "1+1>2".
Finally, the author would like to say that the development of folk culture tourism cannot lose its characteristics in homogenization, and the relationship between contemporary people and folk culture should not only stay on the surface of the experience, but also need to be internalized in the heart, becoming a daily and unconscious way of life. What kind of folklore events are taking place in your city at the moment? What kind of emotions and memories does it have?